Lesson 6: Formulas and Names of Covalent Compounds

Last updated almost 3 years ago

20 questions

1

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Lesson 6: Formulas and Names of Covalent Compounds

Last updated almost 3 years ago

20 questions

Formulas and Names of Covalent Compounds
How are the chemical formula and name of a molecular compound related?

Objectives:
Students will...
write the formula of a molecular compound when given the compound name.
write the name of a molecular compound when given the chemical formula.

Why?
When you began chemistry class this year, you probably already knew that the chemical formula for carbon dioxide was CO2. Today you will find out why CO2 is named that way. Naming chemical compounds correctly is of very important. The slight difference between the names carbon monoxide (CO, a poisonous, deadly gas) and carbon dioxide (CO2, a greenhouse gas that we exhale when we breathe out) can be the difference between life and death! In this activity you will learn the naming system for molecular compounds.

1

Fill in the table to indicate the number of atoms of each type in the molecular formula.

1

Find all of the compounds in Model 1 that have chlorine and fluorine in them. Explain why the name "chlorine fluoride" is not sufficient to identify a specific compound.

1

Draggable item		Corresponding Item

1

Draggable item		Corresponding Item

1

DIRECTIONS! Watch the video below to learn how to write the name of a binary molecular compound when given the chemical formula.

DIRECTIONS! For questions 13 - 16, determine the names of each of the covalent compounds. 

1

What is the name of OF2?

1

What is the name of P4O10?

1

What is the name of P2O7?

1

Draggable item		Corresponding Item

DIRECTIONS! Watch the video below to learn how to write the chemical formula of a binary molecular compound when given the name of the compound.

DIRECTIONS! For questions 17-19, write the chemical formula for each compound. You won't be able to write subscripts, so your answers should look like the example below with no spaces in between letters and numbers.

carbon dioxide          CO2
Do not use Google! This is a skill that you HAVE to know how to do in order to be successful in AP Chemistry.

1

disulfur decafluoride.

1

carbon tetrachloride

1

dinitrogen trioxide

1

Draggable item		Corresponding Item

Formulas and Names of Covalent Compounds
How are the chemical formula and name of a molecular compound related?

Objectives:
Students will...
write the formula of a molecular compound when given the compound name.
write the name of a molecular compound when given the chemical formula.

Why?
When you began chemistry class this year, you probably already knew that the chemical formula for carbon dioxide was CO2. Today you will find out why CO2 is named that way. Naming chemical compounds correctly is of very important. The slight difference between the names carbon monoxide (CO, a poisonous, deadly gas) and carbon dioxide (CO2, a greenhouse gas that we exhale when we breathe out) can be the difference between life and death! In this activity you will learn the naming system for molecular compounds.

Fill in the table to indicate the number of atoms of each type in the molecular formula.

Look at the molecular formulas given in Model 1 for various molecular compounds. How many different elements are present in each compound shown?

1

2

3

4

What types of elements combine to form the molecular compounds shown in the table?

nonmetals with nonmetals

metals with metals

metals with nonmetals

Based on your answer to question 3, what type of bonding must be involved in molecular compounds?

ionic bonding

covalent bonding

metallic bonding

Find all of the compounds in Model 1 that have chlorine and fluorine in them. Explain why the name "chlorine fluoride" is not sufficient to identify a specific compound.

Assuming that the name of the compound gives a clue to its molecular formula, predict how many atoms each of these prefixes indicates.

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
di-		1
penta-		2
mono-		5

Examine the prefixes in Model 2. Match the prefix to the corresponding numerical value.

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
tri-		1
hexa-		2
octa-		3
nona-		4
deca-		5
hepta-		6
mono-		7
tetra-		8
penta-		9
di-		10

What suffix (ending) do all the compound names in Model 2 have in common?

-gen

-on

-ide

-ine

When is a prefix NOT used in front of the name of an element?

A prefix is not used when the element's name ends in -ine.

A prefix is not used when there is only one atom of that element.

A prefix is never used with the name of the first element.

A prefix is not used when there is only one atom of the first element

Consider the compound NO. Which element, nitrogen or oxygen, would require a prefix in the molecule name?

oxygen

nitrogen

What is the name of the NO molecule?

nitrogen monoxide

mononitrogen monoxide

nitrogen oxide

nitrogen oxygen

All of the compounds listed in Model 2 are binary molecular compounds. Compounds such as CH3OH or PF2Cl2 are not binary compounds. What does the term "binary molecular compound" mean?

A compound formed when two nonmetals covalently bond.

A compound formed when two nonmetals ionically bond.

A compound formed when two elements, a metal and nonmetal, ionically bond.

A compound formed when two elements, a metal and nonmetal, covalently bond.

DIRECTIONS! Watch the video below to learn how to write the name of a binary molecular compound when given the chemical formula.

DIRECTIONS! For questions 13 - 16, determine the names of each of the covalent compounds. 

What is the name of OF2?

What is the name of P4O10?

What is the name of P2O7?

Match the molecular formula to the molecule name.

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
SO3		phosphorus tribromide
BrF		sulfur tetrachloride
SCl4		dinitrogen difluoride
N2F2		sulfur trioxide
PBr3		bromine monofluoride

DIRECTIONS! Watch the video below to learn how to write the chemical formula of a binary molecular compound when given the name of the compound.

DIRECTIONS! For questions 17-19, write the chemical formula for each compound. You won't be able to write subscripts, so your answers should look like the example below with no spaces in between letters and numbers.

carbon dioxide          CO2
Do not use Google! This is a skill that you HAVE to know how to do in order to be successful in AP Chemistry.

disulfur decafluoride.

carbon tetrachloride

dinitrogen trioxide

Match the molecule name with the correct molecular formula.

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
dinitrogen tetroxide		Cl2O
dichlorine heptoxide		CO
dichlorine monoxide		S4O10
carbon monoxide		N2O4
tetrasulfur pentoxide		Cl2O7

Look at the molecular formulas given in Model 1 for various molecular compounds. How many different elements are present in each compound shown?

1

2

3

4

What types of elements combine to form the molecular compounds shown in the table?

nonmetals with nonmetals

metals with metals

metals with nonmetals

Based on your answer to question 3, what type of bonding must be involved in molecular compounds?

ionic bonding

covalent bonding

metallic bonding

Assuming that the name of the compound gives a clue to its molecular formula, predict how many atoms each of these prefixes indicates.

di-

1

penta-

2

mono-

5

Examine the prefixes in Model 2. Match the prefix to the corresponding numerical value.

tri-

1

hexa-

2

octa-

3

nona-

4

deca-

5

hepta-

6

mono-

7

tetra-

8

penta-

9

di-

10

What suffix (ending) do all the compound names in Model 2 have in common?

-gen

-on

-ide

-ine

When is a prefix NOT used in front of the name of an element?

A prefix is not used when the element's name ends in -ine.

A prefix is not used when there is only one atom of that element.

A prefix is never used with the name of the first element.

A prefix is not used when there is only one atom of the first element

Consider the compound NO. Which element, nitrogen or oxygen, would require a prefix in the molecule name?

oxygen

nitrogen

What is the name of the NO molecule?

nitrogen monoxide

mononitrogen monoxide

nitrogen oxide

nitrogen oxygen

All of the compounds listed in Model 2 are binary molecular compounds. Compounds such as CH3OH or PF2Cl2 are not binary compounds.  What does the term "binary molecular compound" mean?

A compound formed when two nonmetals covalently bond.

A compound formed when two nonmetals ionically bond.

A compound formed when two elements, a metal and nonmetal, ionically bond.

A compound formed when two elements, a metal and nonmetal, covalently bond.

Match the molecular formula to the molecule name.

SO3

phosphorus tribromide

BrF

sulfur tetrachloride 

SCl4

dinitrogen difluoride 

N2F2

sulfur trioxide 

PBr3

bromine monofluoride 

Match the molecule name with the correct molecular formula.

dinitrogen tetroxide

Cl2O

dichlorine heptoxide

CO

dichlorine monoxide

S4O10

carbon monoxide

N2O4

tetrasulfur pentoxide

Cl2O7