Are humans affecting the climate? According to 97 % of actively publishing climate scientists - yes. In fact, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association (NOAA), over the last five decades natural factors would actually have led to a slight cooling of global temperatures.
In 2014, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) concluded that the increase in CO2 and other greenhouse gases and resulting climate change is extremely likely due to human activities. As you discovered, the main source of atmospheric carbon dioxide from humans is from the burning of fossil fuels. Deforestation and other land use is the second largest contributor of human-produced atmospheric CO2.