


How do the photographs add to your understanding of the passage?
Read the sentences from the passage.
The use of baking powder dates back to the early nineteenth century. When it was invented, it was thought to have changed the course of American cooking. Before baking powder, batters could be unpredictable. They came out differently each time. With baking powder, bakers could better predict how their baked goods would come out of the oven.
What does the word course most likely mean?
Which of the following explains how baking powder causes batter to rise?
Mark the boxes to show which leavening agent causes each effect. Some rows may have more than one correct answer.
Read the paragraph from the passage.
Baking soda can also be a leavening agent. It must be mixed with something acidic. Buttermilk and lemon juice are acidic. When mixed, a reaction produces gases. These gases make the batter rise. Beaten eggs or egg whites also cause batters to rise. They enclose air. The air forces the batter to expand in the oven’s heat.
The author uses a word that means “a process in which substances change.” Which word in the paragraph is closest to this meaning?
Part A
If a leavening agent were left out of bread’s ingredients, what would most likely be the result after baking?
Part B
Read the paragraph from the passage. Click the two sentences that best support the answer to part A.