8th 1.2 Vocab

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18 questions

acceleration: a change in the _______  (speed, direction, or both) of a body (related word: accelerate)

When a train accelerates, its _______.

conservation of energy: Energy cannot be _______  out of nothing, nor can it be completely _______ . Energy can only change its form.

The blades of a fan turn because the fan uses electricity from a wall socket. The electrical energy from the wall socket is _______ , meaning it is not created or destroyed. Instead it transformed into _______  energy (motion of the blades).

During a game of baseball, when the bat hits the ball, energy is _______  from the bat to the ball.

density: an object's mass divided by its volume; a measure of how many _______  are packed together into a certain amount of _______ 

The air inside hot air balloons is heated to _______  its density. These balloons can float in air because the hot air inside these balloons has a lower density than the cooler air outside.

Ice floats on water because its density is _______  than that of water.

force: a _______  that is applied to an object

Motorboats have propellers that _______  the water backward, thereby creating a force that forces the boat forward.

The force produced due to the _______  from a rocket in a downward direction causes it to be pushed upwards.

gravity: a force that exists between any two objects that have _______ 

The regular _______  of the water level along a shoreline is caused by the Moon and Sun's gravity.

hydrogen: the chemical element consisting of one _______  and one _______ 

Hydrogen is the most _______  element in the universe. As a gas, it is colorless, odorless, and highly flammable. Two hydrogen atoms combine with one oxygen atom to form a _______  molecule. Hydrogen gas also combines with oxygen to power rocket engines that lift astronauts and satellites into orbit around earth. Could it power our cars some day?

magnitude: size of ground movement caused by _______  due to energy released

In 1755, Lisbon, Portugal, had the largest earthquake documented by humans. This was before the Richter scale, but historic accounts of damage indicate the magnitude would have been _______  to _______ . There have been no known magnitude 10s.

mass: the amount of _______  in an object

The gram is the basic unit of mass in the metric system. There are _______  grams in a kilogram.

An object has the same mass on Earth and on the Moon. An object's weight will be _______  times greater on Earth than on the Moon.

measure: to use a tool to learn more about the _______  of an object

An _______  is a device that measures the distance traveled by a vehicle.

Many devices are used to measure the volume of liquids in the lab. Name one: _______.

motion: a change in the _______  of an object compared to another object

Trains travel from place to place at high speeds. When a train is moving, it is said to be in _______ .

A bird that is flapping its wings and flying from one place to another, is said to be in _______ .

orbit: the _______  of an object as it revolves around another object

Scientists have created many artificial satellites that orbit in space. They gather data about the universe and help _______ .

The planets, their moons, _______ , and comets orbit around the Sun. The Solar System is made up of the Sun and all these bodies.

Comets orbit the Sun on an _______  path.

oxygen: an element that makes up about _______% of Earth's atmosphere; a gas in Earth's atmosphere and in water that living organisms breathe

Plants release oxygen as a by-product during _______,a process in which plants use carbon dioxide and water to make food for themselves in the presence of sunlight.

potential energy: the amount of energy that is _______  in an object; energy that an object has because of its position relative to other objects

Wood is a source of potential energy. This energy is stored in the form of _______. When wood is burned, the potential energy is converted to heat and light energy.

A person standing at the top of a ladder has potential energy. When she jumps down, this potential energy is converted into _______ .

speed: _______  traveled per unit of _______ 

system: a group of parts that work together to _______  or _______ 

_______ , or hormones, are the chemical messengers of the body. They are made by glands and control many body functions.

Digestion begins in the mouth where starch is broken into sugars. _______  are digested with acid in the stomach. The food is neutralized and passed through the intestines where the nutrients are absorbed into the _______ .

thrust: a reaction force that pushes an object _______ 

Rockets produce thrust by emitting _______ from a highly pressurized chamber through a small opening.

Propellers rotate at very high speeds, and thus convert _______ into a forward thrust. Propellers are used for airplanes, motorboats, and ships.

velocity: the _______  and _______  of moving objects

weight: the force of _______  on an object

The weight of a person with a mass of 60 kg will be _______  N on the Moon.

The weight of a person with a mass of 60 kg will be _______  N on Jupiter.

The weight of a person with a mass of 60 kg will be _______  N on Earth.