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1.1-1.3 CK12 Reading Review Questions
By Elizabeth Stevens
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What is the main purpose of carrying out an experiment in a scientific investigation?
Publish a report
Test the hypothesis
Draw definite conclusions
Confirm a theory
What could be a likely reason for moths having eyespots that resemble an owl's face?
Random genetic mutation
To see better at night
For vertical flight orientation
To scare away predators
What is a hypothesis in the context of scientific investigation?
A possible, falsifiable response to a scientific question
A proven fact
An unequivocal truth
An opinion
Can a hypothesis be proven conclusively to be true?
Yes
Sometimes
No
If there is enough evidence
What happens to a hypothesis if future evidence is found that contradicts it?
It might be disproved
It remains unchanged
It becomes a law
It is proven
Why is communicating results an important part of the scientific process?
Allows others to test your hypothesis
To get more funding
To get recognition
To finalize the investigation
What happens if other researchers obtain the same results as yours?
They add support to the hypothesis
You get more recognition
Your hypothesis becomes a law
They disprove the hypothesis
What is an experiment?
A scientific investigation performed under controlled conditions
Studying subjects in their natural environment
A situation only done in a laboratory
Regularly occurring natural phenomena
What does the fertilizer represent in the plant experiment?
Control group
Dependent variable
Experiment factor
Independent variable
What is the role of a control group in an experiment?
Responsible for change in the experiment
Measures the dependent variable
To be affected by dependent variable
To remain unaffected by the independent variable
In the plant growth experiment, what variable is the plant growth?
Control group
Independent variable
Dependent variable
Experimental factor
What does a larger sample size in an experiment improve?
Reduction in experiment cost
The complexity of the experiment
The likelihood of generally true results
The speed at which results are processed
Why should an experiment be repeated multiple times?
For greater experiment complexity
To validate the results
To buy more time
To train new scientists
What is the relationship between sample size and experimental accuracy?
Directly proportional
Depends on the topic of experiment
No relationship
Inversely proportional
What is meant by experimental error?
Deliberate manipulation of data
Error in the experiment setup
Mistake in recording data
Unavoidable mistakes during experiments
How can experimental errors be minimized?
By averaging many measurements
By ignoring outlying results
By using more precise equipment
By repeating the experiment once
What can be a source of experimental error?
Only equipment
Only humans
Both humans and equipment
Neither humans nor equipment
What does a 'margin of error' signify in an experiment?
Level of uncertainty associated with results
Significance of the experiment
Level of precision of equipment
Magnitude of experimental errors
What is a hypothesis in scientific research?
An opinion with no base
A possible answer to a scientific question
A proven fact
A question raised for argument
What is a scientific theory?
A fact that cannot be disputed
A broad explanation for events widely accepted as true
An untested prediction
A personal belief
How does a hypothesis become a theory?
Through repeated testing and evidence support
By gaining popularity
By being proven false
By being published in a scientific journal
What is a scientific law in science?
It proves why something happens
It describes what happens under same conditions
It's a credible guess
It's a widely accepted idea
How is 'theory' in common speech different from 'theory' in science?
Common 'theory' is a lie
Same meaning in both contexts
Scientific 'theory' is a guess
Common 'theory' is a guess, scientific 'theory' is fact-like
Can a scientific theory develop into a law?
Only if it passes extensive tests
Yes, if proven beyond doubt
Yes, with widespread acceptance
No, theory explains why, law states what
What is the theory of evolution by natural selection?
A process explaining changes in characteristics of living things
A theory of static characteristics
A law of identical offspring
A hypothesis of spontaneous generation
How does evolution occur according to the theory?
By spontaneous mutation
Through natural selection over generations
Through divine intervention
Instantaneously
According to the cell theory, how many cells should a living organism have at least?
Unlimited
One
Zero
Three
Where do living cells originate from according to cell theory?
Spontaneous generation
Other living cells
The environment
Non-living cells
What does the Germ Theory of Disease propose?
Microorganisms prevent diseases
Microorganisms cause many diseases
Microorganisms do not impact health
Infectious diseases aren't caused by microbes
What is another name for the Germ Theory of Disease?
Pathogenic Theory of Medicine
Anti-germ Theory
Microbial Theory of Health
Disease Process Theory