Chapter 4: Lesson 4.2 Recognizing Sleep Disorders pg.109

condition that results from a delay in the sleep-wake cycle that affects a person’s daily activities

trouble falling or staying asleep

potentially serious disorder in which a person stops breathing for short periods of time during sleep

disorder that affects the brain’s ability to control the sleep-wake cycle

term for sleep disorders that occur when people are partially, but not completely, awoken from sleep

• Disorder that occurs when a person unintentionally urinates (pees) at night during sleep.

• Very common in children younger than five years of age.

• May occur in young children because they have small bladders or do not have full bladder control.

• Reduce or avoid instances of bed-wetting by drinking more liquid during the day and less at night and by going to the bathroom immediately before bedtime.

• Other treatments include bed-wetting alarms, bladder training, and some medications.

• Scary dreams associated with negative feelings, such as anxiety, fear, and sadness.

• May cause people to wake up and have difficulty falling back asleep, or develop a fear of going to sleep.

• Usually occur during the last hours of sleep.

• May be caused by stress; trauma; illness; reading books, watching television, and eating before bed; lack of sleep; or alcohol, illegal drugs, and some types of medications.

• Sleep disorder in which people get out of bed and walk around while in a state of deep sleep.

• May occur when a person is sick, has a fever, is not getting enough sleep, or is experiencing stress.

• While sleepwalking, a person’s eyes are typically open. The person will not respond to questions or remembers sleepwalking, however.

• Sleepwalking is not usually a serious condition.

• Disorder in which people experience sensations such as tingling, itching, cramping, or burning, as well as aches and pains in their legs.

• One of the most common sleep disorders among older adults.

• Possible causes may include another disease or health condition, such as anemia, pregnancy, or some medications.

• Substances such as caffeine, alcohol, and tobacco can worsen symptoms.

• Treatment includes lifestyle changes such as regular sleep habits, relaxation techniques, and moderate physical activity during the day. Certain medications may also help lessen the symptoms.

• Disorder that involves grinding and clenching the teeth. Also known as bruxism.

• May be caused by stress or anxiety, having an abnormal bite, or missing or crooked teeth.

• Behavior is usually harmless, although long-term teeth grinding can lead to tooth damage, a sore jaw, headaches, and hearing loss.

• Treatment may include wearing a mouth guard, also called a night guard; relaxing the jaw and teeth; reducing stress; staying hydrated; and taking prescription medication.