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Quarter 2 Unit 2 Test

Last updated over 1 year ago

40 questions

LT 2.1a Hypothesis, Theory, Law

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LT 2.1b Cell Theory

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LT 2.2a Cell Organelles

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LT 2.2b Unicellular vs Multicellular

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LT 2.2c Levels of Organization

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LT 2.3a Cell Membrane Structures

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LT 2.4a Cell Transport

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LT 2.4c Passive v Active Transport

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Question 1

1.

Which statement best describes the term theory?

A theory is an assumption made by scientists and implies a lack of certainty.

A theory refers to a scientific explanation strongly supported by a variety of experimental data.

A theory is never revised as new scientific evidence is presented.

A theory is a hypothesis that has been supported by one experiment performed by two or more scientists.

Question 2

2.

A student was doing an experiment using the scientific method. Every three days the student plans to count the green leaves. Which would be a good hypothesis for this experimen

If plants are placed in clay pots, then they will grow more green leaves than plastic pots.

If plants are placed outside, then they will grow more green leaves.

If plants are in warmer temperatures, then they will grow more green leaves.

If plants are placed in bright light, then they will grow more green leaves than in dim light.

Question 3

3.

Which statement best describes the difference between a scientific theory and a scientific law?

A scientific law must include equations.

A scientific theory is supported by more data than a scientific law.

A scientific theory can explain observations.

There is no difference between scientific theory and scientific law.

Question 4

4.

1. Scientists use a _______  to interpret the results of investigations about the structure and behavior of atoms.

Question 5

5.

A student notices that sound travels quickly underwater. She develops a _______  that sound will move more quickly through water than it moves through air.

Question 6

6.

Students presented the statements shown in the chart. Which student’s statement would best be characterized as a scientific theory?

student W

student X

student Y

student Z

Question 7

7.

Four pieces of evidence collected by scientists are listed above. How did the scientists most likely use these pieces of evidence?

to support the cell theory

to explain the process of DNA replication

to explain the process of genetic mutations

to support the theory of evolution

Question 8

8.

A big debate in the scientific community revolves around how to classify viruses. A virus is described as having genetic material enclosed inside protein crystal. Many do not classify viruses as living specimens. When inside a living host, they will reproduce to create more viruses. Which aspect of the cell theory are viruses not meeting?

All living things have one or more cells

Every cell contains genetic material even in the absence of a nucleus

Cells are the basic unit of function and structure of life

Cell come from pre-existing cells

Question 9

9.

Which tenet of modern cell theory does this represent?

Transfers of genetic material

All living things are made of cells

Cells are the basic unit of structure

Metabolic activity

Question 10

10.

The cell theory has advanced from the original three tenets to the addition of the 3 modern tenets with the advancement of technology. The nature of science allows for changes in scientific understanding as new evidence is collected. What technology development was critical for the advancement in the understanding of cells?

microscopes

microwaves

incubators

telescopes

Question 11

11.

Which statement best describes the role of the Golgi apparatus within the cell?

It is the site where glucose is oxidized to produce energy.

It is the site where lipids and proteins are translated and folded.

It is the site where DNA and RNA are stored, maintained, and controlled.

It is the site where proteins are sorted, packaged, processed, and modified.

Question 12

12.

Plant cells use sunlight to make their own food. Which structure allows plant cells to perform this function?

chloroplast

mitochondrion

nucleus

vacuole

Question 13

13.

Antibiotics are medicines that slow the growth of disease-causing bacteria. One of the ways that antibiotics work is by interfering with the normal functioning of bacterial ribosomes. How does this interference reduce the rate of bacterial reproduction?

by blocking the bacterial cell’s access to nutrients from the host organism

by preventing the bacterial cell from synthesizing essential proteins

by increasing the rate at which bacterial cells go through the cell cycle

by allowing harmful substances to enter the bacterial cell through its cell membrane

Question 14

14.

A molecule is produced within a ribosome in a cell. What most likely happens to the newly formed molecule once it is inside the Golgi apparatus of the cell?

It will be used to form new genetic material.

It will be stored for the cell’s future energy needs.

It will be modified before it is packaged for transport.

It will be broken down so its components can be reused.

Question 15

15.

Cells possess structures that perform specific jobs. Which statement correctly pairs a cell structure with a function it performs in the cells?

The mitochondria provide energy for cell processes.

The cell membrane synthesizes proteins for cell processes.

Ribosomes regulate which materials enter and leave the cell.

Vacuoles transfer genetic information from one cell to another.

Question 16

16.

Which reaction helps maintain homeostasis when the body becomes dehydrated?

The muscles contract rapidly.

The kidneys produce concentrated urine.

The skin starts to sweat.

The lungs exhale more frequently.

Question 17

17.

Which conclusion is best supported by the presence of ribosomes in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Ribosomes have different functions in prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Ribosomes developed independently inside prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes store energy to power life functions.

Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes make proteins to perform life functions.

Question 18

18.

Lungs and capillaries both have porous linings that allow certain substances to move into or out of the structures. Which function do these porous linings most likely serve in living organisms?

heat release

gas exchange

carbohydrate absorption

osmotic pressure regulation

Question 19

19.

An example of an activity that best contributes to maintaining homeostasis in an organism is

Response to a chickenpox vaccine.

A person not sweating on 100°F day.

Deer losing its fur at the start of winter

Bear eating fish from a polluted stream.

Question 20

20.

The shivering mechanism in bumblebees often serves the same purpose as it does in mammals. During which condition will the action of shivering most help a bumblebee to maintain homeostasis?

uncontrolled rise in core temperature

depletion of oxygen in muscle tissues

low environmental temperature

decrease in available oxygen

Question 21

21.

The diagram shows a bone and some of its components. Which statement best describes a relationship among some of these components?

Marrow is an organ in the skeletal system.

Marrow is a tissue that contains different types of cells.

Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets together form an organ system.

Red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets perform the same function.

Question 22

22.

Life functions are performed at many levels of biological organization. Which level of biological organization is the simplest level at which a structure can support life functions?

Organelle

Cell

Organ System

Tissue

Question 23

23.

Which statement best explains why these cells have structural differences?

The cells evolved in different organisms.

One of the cells is more primitive than the other cell.

The cells have different functions.

One of the cells develops into the other type of cell.

Question 24

24.

The numbers 1, 2, and 3 in the diagram below represent the different levels of organization in a multicellular organism.

Which chart correctly identifies the levels of organization of 1, 2, and 3?

Question 25

25.

After meiosis II, a spermatid cell changes and develops into a mature sperm cell. What process causes this change in structure to optimize the function of the cell?

Duplication

Maturation

Developmentation

Differentiation

Question 26

26.

Which of the following is most involved in providing structure for a plasma membrane?

the arrangement of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic ends of the phospholipids

the types of carbohydrates attached to proteins on the surface

the types of proteins that are attached to the surface of the membrane

the number of protein channels embedded in the membrane

Question 27

27.

Which statement best describes a function of the proteins embedded in the plasma membrane of cells?

They store the energy required by the rest of the membrane to perform its functions.

They provide instructions for the processes in the cell.

They attract charges in the cell’s environment to give the cell a net charge.

They selectively allow certain particles into and out of the cell.

Question 28

28.

Which action is prevented by the plasma membrane?

the flow of oxygen into or out of the cell

unlimited flow of heat into or out of the cell

the flow of light into or out of the cell

unlimited flow of water into or out of the cell

Question 29

29.

The presence of cholesterol in the plasma membranes of some animals

enables the membrane to stay fluid more easily when cell temperature drops.

makes the membrane less flexible, allowing it to sustain greater pressure from within the cell.

enables the animal to remove hydrogen atoms from saturated phospholipids.

enables the animal to add hydrogen atoms to unsaturated phospholipids.

Question 30

30.

Which of these often serve as receptors or cell recognition molecules on cell surfaces?

transmembrane proteins

integral proteins

glycoproteins

peripheral proteins

Question 31

31.

The relative concentration of solute inside and outside a cell can cause water molecules to move across the membrane. Which phrase would be an alternate title to the diagram?

Exocytosis in a Cell

Active Transport in a Cell

Osmosis Across a Membrane

Facilitated Diffusion Across a Membrane

Question 32

32.

In the diagram, the cell will because the solution is ___ compared to the contents of the cell.

Swell; hypotonic

Shrink ; hypotonic

Stay the same; isotonic

Swell; hypertonic

Question 33

33.

Which transport mechanisms require the formation of a vesicle to transport material into or out of a cell?

exocytosis and calcium pumps

diffusion and facilitated diffusion

exocytosis and endocytosis

diffusion and osmosis

Question 34

34.

A semi permeable membrane is stretched across a chamber filled with water. The membrane is only permeable to water. 60 mg of salt is added to the left side of the chamber. Which of the following will happen?

water will move toward the right side

salt will move toward the left side

water will move toward the left side

salt will move toward the right side

Question 35

35.

Which of the following statements is correct about diffusion?

It is very rapid over long distances.

It requires an expenditure of energy by the cell.

It is an active process in which molecules move from a region of lower concentration to one of higher concentration.

It is a passive process in which molecules move from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration.

Question 36

36.

The diagram shows two types of cell transport . Which pair of statements best compares the two types of cell transport?

Type 1 does not require energy and molecules move with their concentration gradient. Type 2 requires energy and molecules can move against their concentration gradient.

Type 1 does not require energy and molecules move with their concentration gradient. Type 2 does not require energy and molecules can move against their concentration gradient

Type 1 does not require energy and molecules can move against their concentration gradient. Type 2 requires energy and molecules move with their concentration gradient.

Type 1 requires energy and molecules move with their concentration gradient. Type 2 requires energy and molecules can move against their concentration gradient.

Question 37

37.

Which statement best describes how channel and carrier proteins in the plasma membrane are similar?

Both directly connect the membrane to the nucleus of a cell.

Both allow for the flow of molecules into and out of a cell.

Both cause the phospholipid bilayer to form a rigid membrane for a cell.

Both use energy to continuously move water molecules out of a cell.

Question 38

38.

Cell membranes inside the cells that line the stomach pump hydrogen ions from areas of low concentration inside the cells to areas of higher concentration outside the cells. Which activity produces the ATP that makes this pumping possible?

enzyme synthesis

active transport

carbohydrate digestion

cellular respiration

Question 39

39.

Which statement best describes how active transport differs from passive transport?

Only active transport relies on a plasma membrane.

Only active transport allows substances to leave a cell.

Only active transport moves small particles.

Only active transport requires ATP.

Question 40

40.

How does a mitochondrion facilitate the movement of some materials between cells?

It supplies digestive substances that break large molecules into smaller units.

It produces fibers that attach to molecules and move them through the cytoplasm.

It manufactures the proteins needed to form channels in cell membranes.

It supplies the energy needed for moving molecules through membranes.