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Sedimentary Rocks and Fossil Fuels

Last updated over 1 year ago
17 questions

Engage: Rock Observations


1

How are these pictures alike?

Explore: How does sediment form?

Watch the video below, then answer the questions.


Compaction



Cementation

Compaction and Cementation
The processes by which sediments are changed into rock are complex, but can be simplified into two processes, called compaction and cementation.

Compaction:
happens when sediments are deeply buried, placing them under pressure because of the weight of overlying layers. This squashes the grains together more tightly.

Cementation:

is where new minerals stick the grains together – just as cement (from a bag) binds sand grains in a bricklayer’s mortar. If you look carefully at the microscope photo, you can see mineral crystals that have grown around the sediment grains and bonded them together.


Sedimentary Rock


Click on the image below to watch the video.
1

How does sediment form?

1

What processes form sediment?

1

How could you model compaction?

1

What is cementation and how could you model it?

1

What are some examples of sedimentary rock?

Explain: What processes form sedimentary rock?


In order for sedimentary rock to form, the following processes must happen:
  • Cementation
  • Compaction
  • Erosion
  • Deposition
  • Weathering
Watch the video below.
1

What might be found trapped in layers of sedimentary rock?

1

What do fossils turn into over time?

1

How do fossil fuels form?

1

What are fossil fuels?

1

Where are fossil fuels found?

1

How are fossil fuels made?

1

Fossil fuels are made from the remains of ancient plants and animals.

3

Drag and drop the words to show the correct order of processes in sedimentary rock formation (first on top).

  1. sedimentation
  2. compaction
  3. cementation
3

Choose the THREE processes that create and relocate sediment.

2

Drag and drop the words onto their matching definitions.

  • Cementation
  • Compaction
  • The process of squishing air or water from between sediment particles due to increased pressure.
  • The process of minerals sticking individual sediment grains together.
3
Drag and drop the pictures into the boxes show the order of fossil fuel formation.
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