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Henry II EQ 11 - Why did the Great Rebellion break out in 1173?
By Joshua Powell
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Who negotiated the marriage deal between Henry II's eldest son and Margaret of France?
Henry II
Louis VII
Thomas Becket
Archbishop of York
Why did Henry II arrange for his son's marriage to Margaret of France?
To strengthen ties with France
To challenge the Archbishop of York
To reduce conflict with the Pope
To gain the territory of the Vexin
What strategy did Henry II employ to acquire the territory of the Vexin in 1160?
Diplomatic negotiation
Manipulation of the pope’s weakness
Military conquest
Marriage alliance
Who crowned Henry II's eldest son in 1170?
Archbishop of York
Thomas Becket
Henry II
Louis VII
Who was Richard, Henry II's second eldest son, betrothed to?
None
Daughter of Brittany's Count
Eleanor of Aquitaine
Alice of France
What title did Richard acquire in 1172?
Duke of Aquitaine
None
Duke of Brittany
King of England
Geoffrey, Henry’s third eldest son, was betrothed to whose daughter?
Alice of France
Count of Brittany
Louis VII
None
What title was Geoffrey due to assume?
Duke of Aquitaine
King of England
Duke of Brittany
None
What was William the Lion's objective after becoming King of Scotland in 1165?
Conquer France
Annex Ireland
Expand Scottish borders into Northumberland
Secure peace with England
What was significant about the 1159 Toulouse campaign?
Raymond surrendered
Henry II expanded his empire
Henry II failed to regain territory
Eleanor’s cousin was killed
What was a key aspect of the marriage deal between Eleanor and Alfonso of Castile II?
Gascony was given away as dower land
Eleanor was crowned Queen of Castile
Henry II obtained more territories
Alfonso secured the Aquitanian Duchy
What was the effect of giving away Gascony?
Strengthened the alliance with Castile
Lost 1/5 of the Aquitanian Duchy
Enhanced Aquitanian Duchy's power
Had no significant effect
What nickname was given to Henry II's fourth eldest son due to his circumstances?
John the Poor
John Lackland
John the Unsettled
John the Landless
What was the significance of John, Henry II’s fourth eldest son?
King's advisor
Archbishop of Rouen
Heir to the throne
Henry II’s favourite son
Who crowned Henri again in 1172?
Henry II
The archbishop of Rouen
Archbishop of Canterbury
Margaret, the queen
One of the causes for the Great Rebellion was the discontentment of Barons about which act?
Increase in tax rates
Expansion of voting rights
Removal of lands via escheat
Imposition of martial law
How did the Cartae Baronum contribute to the causes of the Great Rebellion?
Reducing the religious power of nobles
Expansion and penetration of laws into the lives of nobles
Promoting religious tolerance
What was Hugh Bigod charged for the return of two castles?
£333
£777
£500
£666
Who was discontent with having to pay scutage?
Earl of Chester
Robert of Leicester
Hugh Bigod
Henry II
What was Robert of Leicester's penalty for not paying scutage?
£500
£777
£333
£666
Why was Hugh Bigod, the earl of Chester, discontent during Henry II's reign?
Question about royal lineage
Inheritance disputes and use of escheat
Religious conflicts
Failed military campaign
How did Henry II benefit from using escheat?
He created allies among the nobles
He gained control over feudal lands
He reduced the power of the church
Why were Eleanor of Aquitaine and Richard discontent with Henry II?
They disliked Henry II's personality
Henry II took their personal wealth
They felt left out of political decisions
Henry II received homage for Toulouse, not them
Why would Eleanor and Richard expect to receive homage for Toulouse?
They purchased it
They were given it as a wedding gift
They conquered it
The territory was rightfully theirs
What does the 1172 coronation oath indicate about Henri's power?
It was absolute and unlimited
It was shared with the barons
It was derived from the Church
It was tokenistic and not legitimate
Who were the barons pledged to support in the coronation oath
Henri, except if that threatened Henry II
Henry II at all times
Only Henry II, not Henri
What could be the primary cause for the Great Rebellion of 1173?
Economic instability
Discord due to Henri's lack of real power
External invasion threats
Why did the barons take the oath to aid Henri against all others except Henry II?
To acknowledge Henry II's preeminent rule
Because Henri asked them to
Due to a deal between Henri and Henry II
What was a key factor leading to the Rebellion of 1173?
Invasion by a foreign power
Henry II's control over his children's lands
Economic crisis
Religious dispute
Why did Henry II refuse to allow his son Henri to independently rule Margaret’s dower lands?
Political Alliance
To maintain control
Financial reasons
Military strategy
Why did Henry the Younger question his father's plan for him?
He wished to have more knights under his command
He desired a different position
He felt he was being treated as a paid servant
He felt entitled to a larger sum of money
How did Henry II plan to provide for his son's expenses?
He was going to divide his own wealth
He planned for him to collect taxes
He intended to give him twenty pounds daily
He wanted to gift him properties
What is the major cause of dispute between Henry II and his son?
Henry the Younger's refusal to become king
Insufficient funds for Henry the Younger to reward his knights
Henry II's decision to abdicate
Disagreements over governing style
What suggests that Henry the Younger felt inadequate as king?
His lack of political allies
His insecurity about his capabilities
His disagreement with his father's policies
His inability to reward his knights
What did Henry II's coinage symbolize about his status and power?
Popularity with common people
Successful military power
Great wealth
Lack of status and power
What element was missing from Henry II's coins?
A shield
A sword
King's crown
A cross
Why was the assembly gathered at Limoges of significant historical importance?
Marked the pinnacle of discontent leading to rebellion
Nomination of a new king
Celebration of Henri's 18th birthday
Why was Eleanor discontent with the decentralisation of Aquitaine?
She wanted to move to Gascony
Gascony had been sold off few years prior
She was not included in decision-making
What was the state of Henry II's position at the time of the meeting in Limoges?
Secure and uncontested
One of the most powerful
Arguably the lowest it had ever been
What did Henry II do trying to provide John with some land?
He betrothed him to a French count
He requested it from the Pope
He sold his own lands
He conquered more territories
Why was Henri upset with Henry II's actions?
He was against John's marriage
He had to give up some of his inheritance
He was forced to marry a French countess
What was Henri's response to Henry II's actions?
He disowned his father
He sought help from the Pope
Demanded control of England, Normandy or Anjou
What was Henry II's reaction to Henri's demand?
He refused to relinquish control
Agreed to share his power
He disowned his son
He immediately gave up one territory
Henri then...
fought with Henry II
ran away to Louis VII
killed John
Who convinced Richard and Geoffrey to flee to Louis VII?
Louis VII
Henry II
Eleanor
Thomas Becket
What major event took place in 1173?
The Normandy conquest
The Magna Carta signing
The Great Rebellion
The Battle of Hastings
Who received the letter from Rotrou, archbishop of Rouen?
The people of the kingdom
Eleanor
King's children
Henry II
What was the consequence of Eleanor's actions according to the letter?
The Archbishop's death
Her exile
The rebellion of her children
King's dethronement
Why did Eleanor attempt to escape to her ex-husband during the Great Rebellion?
She was in love with her ex-husband
She was against Henry II's actions
She wanted to stir drama
She was forced to
What triggered the widespread rebellion against Henry II?
The fleeing of his sons
Henry's ill health
The escape of Eleanor
Tax increases
What was the outcome of Eleanor's attempt to escape to her ex-husband?
She succesfully escaped
She was captured and imprisoned
She was killed
She was sold to slavery
Who were the key players in the Great Rebellion of 1173?
The sons of Henry II and Eleanor
The Church
Henry II's allies