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8th Grade S1 Final Exam

Last updated 5 months ago

51 questions

Unit 1: Nature of Science & Engineering

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Unit 2: Earth Science

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Unit 3: Substances & Chemical Reactions

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Unit 4: Resources & Thermal Energy

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Bonus Essay!

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Question 1

1.

Question 2

2.

Question 3

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Question 4

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Question 5

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Question 6

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Question 7

7.

The following is a description of an engineering project:

A student sets out to build a robot. This robot has to use a certain brand of pieces, cannot be longer than 19", wider than 11", or taller than 15", and cannot use more than 6 motors. The goal is to make the robot able to pick up a 3"x3" cube and score it into a goal area, preferably quickly. 

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Question 12

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Question 13

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According to these graphs, the global average temperature has been __________, the carbon dioxide levels has been __________, and the global average sea level has been __________.

Question 14

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Question 15

15.

Drag and drop the various steps of the water cycle to their appropriate boxes.

Other Answer Choices:

precipitation

run-off

condensation

transpiration

evaporation

infiltration

Question 16

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Question 17

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Question 18

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Question 19

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Question 20

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Question 21

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Question 22

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Question 23

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Question 24

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Question 25

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Protons have a mass of__________ and a charge of __________.

Question 26

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Neutrons have a mass of__________ and a charge of __________.

Question 27

27.

Electrons have a mass of__________ and a charge of __________.

Question 28

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Question 29

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Metals __________ and are found __________ the zig-zag line.
Nonmetals __________  and are found  __________ the zig-zag line.
Metalloids __________  and are found __________ the zig-zag line.

Question 30

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Question 31

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Question 32

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Question 33

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Other Answer Choices:

+1

-1

7

Be

0

4

9

3

Li

Question 34

34.

Based on the picture above, choose the correct answers to the following questions:
Is this a molecule or an atom? __________
Is this a compound or an element? __________
How many molecules are there? __________
How many atoms are there?__________
What is the formula for the whole picture?__________

Question 35

35.

Question 36

36.

Balance the equation. Be sure to SHOW ALL OF YOUR WORK!!

Put the coefficients into the equation here!
__________KClO3-->__________KCl+__________O2

Question 37

37.

Balance the equation. Be sure to SHOW ALL OF YOUR WORK!!
__________P4+__________O2-->__________P2O5

Question 38

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Question 39

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Question 40

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Question 41

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Question 42

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Question 43

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Question 44

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Question 45

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Question 46

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Question 47

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Question 48

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Question 49

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Question 50

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Question 51

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Bonus Essay! For bonus points, write 4-6 complete sentences responding to one of the following prompts:

A: Describe the difference between a Scientific Law and a Scientific Theory. Explain which one can change and why! It might help to even use examples of some scientific (theories or laws) that have changed over time, to illustrate how that works!

B: What is climate change, what causes it, and how can we fix it?

C: Describe the parts of a chemical equation (products, reactants, coefficients, etc), what it represents, and why we never change subscripts while balancing equations.

Which best describes "pseudoscience" and gives an example of it?

fake science that is not backed up by scientific data; biology

fake science that is backed up by scientific data; UFO sightings

scientific fact that is backed up by scientific data; solar systems

fake science that is not backed up by scientific data; horoscopes

A scientific law...

can be changed, is backed by scientific data, explains why a natural phenomenon happens

cannot be changed, is NOT backed by scientific data, describes a natural phenomenon that happens

can be changed, is NOT backed by scientific data, explains why a natural phenomenon happens

cannot be changed, is backed by scientific data, describes a natural phenomenon that happens

A scientific theory...

can be changed, is backed by scientific data, explains why a natural phenomenon happens

cannot be changed, is NOT backed by scientific data, describes a natural phenomenon that happens

can be changed, is NOT backed by scientific data, explains why a natural phenomenon happens

cannot be changed, is backed by scientific data, describes a natural phenomenon that happens

If someone collects the temperature of a beaker of water at room temperature (about 20oC) five times and gets the following data, their data would be best described as...

20.2oC, 23oC, 18oC, 20.3oC

accurate, but not precise

precise, but not accurate

neither accurate nor precise

accurate and precise

If someone collects the temperature of a beaker of water at room temperature (about 20oC) five times and gets the following data, their data would be best described as...

10.2oC, 10.1oC, 10.2oC, 10.0oC

precise, but not accurate

accurate and precise

neither accurate nor precise

accurate, but not precise

Empirical Evidence is just another word for...

the scientific method

experiments

scientific data

scientific laws

"The ceiling in my house is dripping water. It is also raining outside."

Which option is NOT a valid inference based on the observations above?

I must have a busted water line (pipe).

There might be a hole in my roof.

My skylight might be leaking.

Question 8

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Question 9

9.

Question 10

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Question 11

11.

 Greenhouse gases, such as CO2, H2O, SO2, and NO2, ... 

Come from greenhouses. 

Block the sun's heat from getting to Earth. 

Make the Earth colder when there's too much of them. 

Trap the sun's heat into the atmopshere once it reaches Earth. 

Which best describes the main cause(s) of global climate change?

Humans and Nature

Humans only

Nature only

There is no cause to climate change, because climate change isn't real.

Which of the following helps water to precipitate and is considered one of two things to power the water cycle?

Sun

Moon

Lakes

Gravity

Which of the following helps water to evaporate and is considered one of two things to power the water cycle?

Sun

Lakes

Moon

Gravity

The main cause of air pollution is...

deforestation, over-farming, and an increase in urbanization

oil spills, chemical waste, and run-off

growing trees

the burning of fossil fuels

The main cause of water pollution is...

the burning of fossil fuels

deforestation, over-farming, and an increase in urbanization

oil spills, chemical waste, and run-off

growing trees

The main cause of land pollution is...

oil spills, chemical waste, and run-off

the burning of fossil fuels

deforestation, over-farming, and an increase in urbanization

growing trees

Greenhouse gases are called greenhouse gases because...

they come from greenhouses

they act like a greenhouse, trapping heat into the Earth's atmosphere (just like greenhouses trap heat inside of them)

they come from houses that are green.

they help plants grow

Climate Zones are determined by...

The Latitude (how far North/South the region is)

Ocean Currents

Wind Patterns

The amount of precipitation

Sub-climates within a climate zone are determined by...

The amount of precipitation

The Latitude (how far North/South the region is)

Ocean Currents

Wind Patterns

When two air masses run into each other, weird weather can occur (tornadoes, thunderstorms, etc.). What do we call it when two air masses run into each other?

A "front" (either cold, warm, occluded, or stationary)

Weather

Jet Stream

A behind

On the periodic table, the elements are organized by increasing

name

atomic number

mass number

atomic mass

The atomic number always equals

the number of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus

the number of protons in the nucleus

42

the number of protons minus electrons

The charge of an ion (charged atom) is always equal to

42

the number of protons minus electrons

the number of protons in the nucleus

the number of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus

The mass number is always equal to

the number of protons in the nucleus

42

the number of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus

the number of protons minus electrons

Based on the picture above (and the periodic table), answer the following questions:
What is the atomic number?______  
What is the mass number?______  
What is the chemical symbol?_______  
What is the charge?   _______  

According to the Law of Conservation of Mass...(Select all that apply)

Mass can be created

Mass cannot be destroyed

The mass before a chemical or physical change should be THE SAME AS afterwards

Mass can be destroyed

Mass cannot be created

The mass before a chemical or physical change should be DIFFERENT than afterwards

Which of the following is NOT an indicator that a chemical change likely occurred?

a yellow and a blue liquid were mixed together and they made a green liquid

a red liquid and a yellow liquid were mixed together and they made a green liquid

bubbles were produced after mixing two liquids together

the reaction got significantly warmer

A synthetic material is...

something is that made by humans

a naturally occurring substance

something that makes music (like a synth)

something that is made naturally by the Earth

A synthetic materials are made from...

natural resources

other synthetic materials

the Earth's natural processes

lab-created chemicals

Why are synthetic materials made?

to fulfill a need of society

for science

because we can

for profit

The structure of a synthetic material describes its...

different pieces and what it's made out of

its manufacturing process

reason why it was made

purpose

The function of a synthetic material describes its...

materials/ingredients

different pieces and what it's made out of

purpose (why it was made)

its manufacturing process

In creating synthetic materials, we sometimes hurt the Earth by...

increasing the amount of pollution

using natural resources in an unsustainable way

creating materials that get thrown away and harm the environment/wildlife

all of these options are correct

When a substance increases in temperature, its particles...

do not change speed

move slower

move faster

Which state change does not involve an increase in thermal energy?

boiling

freezing

sublimation

melting

When a chemical reaction releases energy, its surroundings

do not change in temperature

become warmer

become colder

When a chemical reaction causes its surroundings to become colder, it...

must have underwent a physical change

must have absorbed energy from its surroundings.

must have released energy to its surroundings.

must have no change in thermal energy whatsoever

If you discover a chemical reaction that makes its surroundings warmer, what's one way you can increase the amount of heat it gives off?

use more reactants

use more water

use less reactants

stir the reaction

Substances exist as solids, liquids, or gases due to their...

attractive forces

temperature

thermal energy

attractive forces and temperature

Which would be a "criteria" of this design?

It has to pick up a 3" x 3" cube.

It has to use a certain brand of pieces.

It cannot use more than 6 motors.

It has to be 11" wider or smaller.

Which would be a "constraint" of this design?

It has to pick up a 3" x 3" cube.

It cannot use more than 6 motors.

It should be able to move quickly.

It need to be able to score the cube in a goal.

The student comes up with the following 4 designs. Which would be best?

A robot that uses 1 motor, does not move, and cannot pick up a cube.

A robot that uses 5 motors, moves at 4mph, and picks up 4 cubes at a time.

A robot that uses 7 motors, moves at 1mph, and can pick up 1 cube at a time.

A robot that uses 6 motors, moves at 5mph, and can pick up 8 cubes at at time.

The student choses the following design: 

A robot that uses 7 motors, moves at 1mph, and can pick up 1 cube at a time.

Which of the following sets of changes would most improve upon the student's design, allowing it to fit within its criteria and constraints?

Add a motor and remove the robot's ability to pick up a cube.

Remove one motor and make the robot move faster.

Add 3 motors and make the robot able to pick up 8 cubes at a time.

Remove 2 motors and make the robot move slower.