Henry II EQ12 - What does the resolution of the Great Rebellion reveal about Henry II's power?

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52 questions

1

Who triggered the Great Rebellion by fleeing to the court of Louis VII?

Louis VII

Henry II's eldest son Henri

William the Lion

Henry II

Which of these was a main cause of the Great Rebellion?

Unequal distribution of resources among citizens

Disagreement between Henry II's sons over ancestry

Henri's dissatisfaction with his inheritance

A feud between Henry II and Louis VII

What did Henry II use to reinforce his power during the Great Rebellion?

The support of his sons

Military strength alone

His old alliances

Who knighted Richard, the second-eldest son of Henry II?

Henri

William Marshall

Louis VII

Henry II

What influence did the knighting of Richard by Louis VII have on the rebellion?

Caused the rebellion

Ended the rebellion

Increased Richard's alliance to France

Started a war with France

Why was it important for the young king to be knighted, as per the conversation recorded in the History of William Marshall?

To establish supremacy over his elders

To incite rebellion

To ensure loyalty from France

To maintain morale and effectiveness of the troops

How did Louis VII knighting his sons impact the perceived power of Henry II's knighthoods?

It didn't have any impact.

It bolstered their legitimacy.

It made them seem tokenistic.

It increased their prestige.

What was France's perceived position in Europe after Louis VII knighted his sons?

The island kingdom of Europe.

The central kingdom of Europe.

The generous kingdom of Europe.

The weakest kingdom of Europe.

What was one factor of Henry II's effective warfare?

Advanced technology

His weaponry

Numerical superiority

His speed

Where did Henri retreat to after losing in the Vexin?

Normandy

Philip of Flanders

Louis VII

Dover

What was the significant outcome of the Great Rebellion concerning Henry II's power?

He regained control and fortified his power

He was assassinated

He was dethroned

He lost substantial territories

What was unique about Henry II's use of Brabanter mercenaries?

Their loyalty was dependent on pay, not religious lenience

They were less skilled than typical soldiers

They were exclusively used by Henry II

They were cheaper to employ

What characteristic trait made Brabanter mercenaries valuable to Henry II?

They were highly educated

They were fearless and brutal

They had deep religious convictions

They had extensive knowledge of land navigation

Who was the source of the main funding for Henry II's mercenaries?

Anglo Saxons

Jewish Usury

Italian merchants

Serfs

Who did Henry II hesitate to use as mercenaries and why?

Flemish, due to Stephen I's excessive use

Irish, loyalty issues

Scottish, excessive cost

Welsh, language barrier

What did Henry II invest heavily in, similar to his actions in 1154?

Castle constructions

Cavalry

Naval fleet

Siege Engines

Why did Hugh Bigod pay for a truce?

He had financial problems

He fell out with Henri

Henry II's Brabanters killed over 1,500 of his men

Who organised a parley in September 1173 after rebellions' defeat?

Henry II

Hugh Bigod

Louis VII and Henry II

Philip

What offer did Henry II make to his sons to stop attacks?

Money and more land

Absolute power

Revocation of punishments

Equal political control

How did Henry II's sons react to his offer?

Continued to rebel

Accepted the offer

Refused to accept but stopped attacking

Challenged Henry's right to rule

What led to the arrest of 100 rebellious barons?

Hugh Bigod’s truce

Philip's defeat

Louis VII's intervention

Henry II's direct command

Who controlled England during the Great Rebellion under Henry II?

Richard de Lucy

Rhys of Wales

Earl of Leicester

How did the commoners respond to the invasion by the Earl of Leicester?

Welcomed him as their new ruler

Offered tribute

Joined the rebellion

Resisted with farming tools and stones

Why did the Welsh princes stay out of the rebellion?

They supported the Earl of Leicester

Due to the homage Rhys had paid Henry II

They were threatened by Richard de Lucy

What role did Richard de Lucy play in the Great Rebellion?

Maintained tight control over baronial activity

Supported the rebellion covertly

Fought against Henry II

Made treaties with foreign nations

Who led the defense against William the Lion's invasion of England during the Rebellion?

William of Newburgh

Richard de Lucy

Henry II

Jordan Fantsome

Why was William the Lion unable to capture castles and territory?

He wasn't interested in capturing castles

His armies were outnumbered

He lacked siege engines

What did the Scottish do when Richard de Lucy marched north with an army in July 1173?

They fled and committed to peace

They fought against Richard

They joined William the Lion

They surrendered to Richard

What tactics did William employ in his invasion in Easter 1174?

Political negotiations

Violent, but not strategic

None at all - it was peaceful

Strategic and violent

What brutal tactic did William the Lion use to try and scare the people of Northern England to join the rebellion?

Dismembering pregnant women

Burning villages

Drowning

Starvation tactics

Did the brutal tactics employed by William in 1174 solidify Henry II's hold on power?

No

Only in the short term

Only in certain regions

Yes

What significant event occurred after Henry II's visit to Canterbury?

Defeat of Henry II

The capture of William the Lion

Alliance with the Scots

This suggests that Henry II used the Great Rebellion to...

Increase his religious power

Decrease his religious power

Keep his religious power the same

What did the Treaty of Falaise of 1174 require from the Scottish barons and bishops?

Pay reparations to England

Give up their lands to Henry II

Pledge military support to Henry II

Swear an oath of fealty to the English crown

What did William the Lion and the Earl of Leicester lose permanently after the rebellion?

Their titles

Their lands

Their freedom

Their castles

How did Henry II treat his rebelling sons post the Great Rebellion?

He let them off

He executed them

He disinherited them

He imprisoned them

What did the Treaty of Montlouis 1174 grant to Richard?

Full income from his properties

Two properties in Poitiers

Entire territory of Brittany

What did the Treaty of Montlouis ensure for Geoffrey in terms of Brittany?

Entire territory’s revenue

No share in the territory’s revenue

Quarter of the territory’s revenue

Half of the territory’s revenue

According to Gerard of Wales, how can the power division set by the Treaty of Montlouis be described?

More shadowy than real

Equitable and fair

True division of power

Full autonomy for sons

What was Henri's annual salary ensuing the Treaty of Montlouis?

Nothing

£150,000

£15,000

Who were awarded with marcher lands in 1177?

Eleanor

Henry II

Welsh princes

Richard

What does the allocation of marcher lands to the Welsh princes signify about Henry II's power?

His power was decreasing

He was short of lands

He was overly generous

He could reward those he deemed loyal

What is the main purpose of the Assize of Northampton passed by Henry II in 1176?

To grant barons more power

Who triggered the Great Rebellion by fleeing to the court of Louis VII?

Louis VII

Henry II's eldest son Henri

William the Lion

Henry II

Which of these was a main cause of the Great Rebellion?

Unequal distribution of resources among citizens

Disagreement between Henry II's sons over ancestry

Henri's dissatisfaction with his inheritance

A feud between Henry II and Louis VII

What did Henry II use to reinforce his power during the Great Rebellion?

The support of his sons

Military strength alone

His old alliances

Who knighted Richard, the second-eldest son of Henry II?

Henri

William Marshall

Louis VII

Henry II

What influence did the knighting of Richard by Louis VII have on the rebellion?

Caused the rebellion

Ended the rebellion

Increased Richard's alliance to France

Started a war with France

Why was it important for the young king to be knighted, as per the conversation recorded in the History of William Marshall?

To establish supremacy over his elders

To incite rebellion

To ensure loyalty from France

To maintain morale and effectiveness of the troops

How did Louis VII knighting his sons impact the perceived power of Henry II's knighthoods?

It didn't have any impact.

It bolstered their legitimacy.

It made them seem tokenistic.

It increased their prestige.

What was France's perceived position in Europe after Louis VII knighted his sons?

The island kingdom of Europe.

The central kingdom of Europe.

The generous kingdom of Europe.

The weakest kingdom of Europe.

What was one factor of Henry II's effective warfare?

Advanced technology

His weaponry

Numerical superiority

His speed

Where did Henri retreat to after losing in the Vexin?

Normandy

Philip of Flanders

Louis VII

Dover

What was the significant outcome of the Great Rebellion concerning Henry II's power?

He regained control and fortified his power

He was assassinated

He was dethroned

He lost substantial territories

What was unique about Henry II's use of Brabanter mercenaries?

Their loyalty was dependent on pay, not religious lenience

They were less skilled than typical soldiers

They were exclusively used by Henry II

They were cheaper to employ

What characteristic trait made Brabanter mercenaries valuable to Henry II?

They were highly educated

They were fearless and brutal

They had deep religious convictions

They had extensive knowledge of land navigation

Who was the source of the main funding for Henry II's mercenaries?

Anglo Saxons

Jewish Usury

Italian merchants

Serfs

Who did Henry II hesitate to use as mercenaries and why?

Flemish, due to Stephen I's excessive use

Irish, loyalty issues

Scottish, excessive cost

Welsh, language barrier

What did Henry II invest heavily in, similar to his actions in 1154?

Castle constructions

Cavalry

Naval fleet

Siege Engines

Why did Hugh Bigod pay for a truce?

He had financial problems

He fell out with Henri

Henry II's Brabanters killed over 1,500 of his men

Who organised a parley in September 1173 after rebellions' defeat?

Henry II

Hugh Bigod

Louis VII and Henry II

Philip

What offer did Henry II make to his sons to stop attacks?

Money and more land

Absolute power

Revocation of punishments

Equal political control

How did Henry II's sons react to his offer?

Continued to rebel

Accepted the offer

Refused to accept but stopped attacking

Challenged Henry's right to rule

What led to the arrest of 100 rebellious barons?

Hugh Bigod’s truce

Philip's defeat

Louis VII's intervention

Henry II's direct command

Who controlled England during the Great Rebellion under Henry II?

Richard de Lucy

Rhys of Wales

Earl of Leicester

How did the commoners respond to the invasion by the Earl of Leicester?

Welcomed him as their new ruler

Offered tribute

Joined the rebellion

Resisted with farming tools and stones

Why did the Welsh princes stay out of the rebellion?

They supported the Earl of Leicester

Due to the homage Rhys had paid Henry II

They were threatened by Richard de Lucy

What role did Richard de Lucy play in the Great Rebellion?

Maintained tight control over baronial activity

Supported the rebellion covertly

Fought against Henry II

Made treaties with foreign nations

Who led the defense against William the Lion's invasion of England during the Rebellion?

William of Newburgh

Richard de Lucy

Henry II

Jordan Fantsome

Why was William the Lion unable to capture castles and territory?

He wasn't interested in capturing castles

His armies were outnumbered

He lacked siege engines

What did the Scottish do when Richard de Lucy marched north with an army in July 1173?

They fled and committed to peace

They fought against Richard

They joined William the Lion

They surrendered to Richard

What tactics did William employ in his invasion in Easter 1174?

Political negotiations

Violent, but not strategic

None at all - it was peaceful

Strategic and violent

What brutal tactic did William the Lion use to try and scare the people of Northern England to join the rebellion?

Dismembering pregnant women

Burning villages

Drowning

Starvation tactics

Did the brutal tactics employed by William in 1174 solidify Henry II's hold on power?

No

Only in the short term

Only in certain regions

Yes

What significant event occurred after Henry II's visit to Canterbury?

Defeat of Henry II

The capture of William the Lion

Alliance with the Scots

This suggests that Henry II used the Great Rebellion to...

Increase his religious power

Decrease his religious power

Keep his religious power the same

What did the Treaty of Falaise of 1174 require from the Scottish barons and bishops?

Pay reparations to England

Give up their lands to Henry II

Pledge military support to Henry II

Swear an oath of fealty to the English crown

What did William the Lion and the Earl of Leicester lose permanently after the rebellion?

Their titles

Their lands

Their freedom

Their castles

How did Henry II treat his rebelling sons post the Great Rebellion?

He let them off

He executed them

He disinherited them

He imprisoned them

What did the Treaty of Montlouis 1174 grant to Richard?

Full income from his properties

Two properties in Poitiers

Entire territory of Brittany

What did the Treaty of Montlouis ensure for Geoffrey in terms of Brittany?

Entire territory’s revenue

No share in the territory’s revenue

Quarter of the territory’s revenue

Half of the territory’s revenue

According to Gerard of Wales, how can the power division set by the Treaty of Montlouis be described?

More shadowy than real

Equitable and fair

True division of power

Full autonomy for sons

What was Henri's annual salary ensuing the Treaty of Montlouis?

Nothing

£150,000

£15,000

Who were awarded with marcher lands in 1177?

Eleanor

Henry II

Welsh princes

Richard

What does the allocation of marcher lands to the Welsh princes signify about Henry II's power?

His power was decreasing

He was short of lands

He was overly generous

He could reward those he deemed loyal

What is the main purpose of the Assize of Northampton passed by Henry II in 1176?

To grant barons more power

To prevent potential rebellions from barons of 'ill repute'

To uplift the status of knights

To instill fear among villeins

What did Henry II require from those wishing to stay in the kingdom?

Land ownership details

A recommendation from an earl or a baron

A payment to the king

An oath of fealty to the king

What happened to those who refused to swear the oath of fealty?

They were jailed immediately

They were promoted

They were seen as enemies of the king and would be banished

Who among these were required to take the oath of fealty according to the Assize of Northampton?

Only knights and villeins

Only earls and barons

Only barons and knights

Earls, barons, knights, freeholders, and villeins

What was the purpose of the eyre conducted by justices during Henry II's reign?

Collecting information about who owned castles

Punishing rebels

Allocating lands to lords

Finding new trade routes

What was the fate of the rebel castles which were partly destroyed by Henry II’s allies?

They were rebuilt

They were ignored

They were used as prisons

They were demolished

What was the purpose of the forest eyre?

Checking for illegal hunting

Gauging the forest's timber supply

Collecting information about purpresture on the Royal Forest

Determining land boundaries

What was the effect of the harsh fines imposed for purpresture onto the Royal Forest?

Decreased crown revenue

Had no effect on crown revenue

Increased the crown revenue by £12,000

What was a major result of the Treaty of Ivry?

A declaration of peace and friendship between Henry II and Louis VII

An alliance against the Pope

War between Henry II and Louis VII

Despite the Treaty of Ivry, did Henry II and Louis VII ever go on a crusade together?

Only Henry II went on a crusade

No, they didn't

Yes, after a few years

Yes, they went immediately after