Multitest 3

Read the texts below. Match choices (A–H) to (1–5). There are three choices you do not need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

What are the advertisements about?
A  Properties for sale
B  Educational services
C  Editing services
D  Holidaymaking
E Art exhibition
F Publishing services 
G Handicraft art
H Health care


1. BACK PAIN?
Use these Safe and Simple methods to free yourself from back pain misery. FREE Report
Visit: www.banishbackpain.co.uk
2. We make a book out of your manuscript. Looking for NEW AUTHORS ALL SUBJECTS INVITED
write or send your work to: ATHENA PRESS
QUEEN’S HOUSE, 3 HOLLY ROAD, TWICKENHAM, TW1 4EG www.athenapress.com
e-mail: info@athenapress.com
3. KCP International
Language Institute
is pleased to be able to offer students from around the world a unique opportunity to learn more about Japan, its language and culture. Our programs are open to all English speaking students. http://www.kcpinternational.com
4. THE JOHN DAVIES GALLERY
Deep in the West Country RICHARD THORN
Admire our new collection of 50 new paintings 2nd – 23rd October 2010
Open 9.30 am – 5.30 pm
Monday to Saturday
5. Melbury Abbas, Dorset SP7
£625,000 guide price
An attractively designed 4 bedroom modern family home in a lovely setting with half an acre of delightfully landscaped gardens.
Contact 9901 7490 65

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The Evolving Understanding of Language: A Global Perspective

Language, since time immemorial, has served as a bridge connecting members of society, thereby fostering cooperation and a harmonious existence. Throughout the annals of history, different types of languages have emerged, lived, and died - each carving a unique niche in the tapestry of human civilization. With the advent of the modern era and the subsequent globalization, the dynamics of language use have significantly shifted. This shift, though complex and multifaceted, offers valuable insights into communication's evolving landscape in our contemporary global society.

In the past, mono-lingual societies dominated the globe, achieving its unity and cohesiveness within members through the shared use of one language. However, as centuries lapsed and cultures intermingled due to social, political, and economic factors, a diverse array of languages wafted through the air over bustling cities and tranquil towns alike. Multi-lingual societies emerged where individuals are capable of speaking more than one language, with English often occupying a prominent space due to its growing influence as a lingua franca in the globalized world.

Today, for countless people, English serves as a second language, employed strategically at different domains for different purposes. It's the language of science, technology, culture, education, and international diplomacy. Rooted in the era of British colonialism, the global spread of English has led to a unique linguistic paradox where the number of second-language English speakers supersedes the populations of native speakers.

However, the spread of English as a global language is not devoid of challenges. The linguistic diversity that the proliferation of English has opened up has led to an increasing discrepancy in competence among users. Second language learners often grapple with complex expressions, nuanced syntax, idiomatic usage, and cultural connotations embedded in the English language. Further, some experience the ramifications of potential “linguistic imperialism,” where English, as the dominant language, seemingly threatens the existence of less spoken languages and associated cultural identities.

Despite these challenges, the globalized society's pragmatic needs cannot undermine English's influence as a linchpin in international communication. Thus, nurturing an inclusive approach, adaptive to linguistic diversities and cognizant of the cultural subtleties, becomes invaluable. It is fundamental to look beyond the dichotomy of native-nonnative English speaker stereotypes and focus on building bridges of mutual understanding through a competent and respectful engagement with world languages.

In our increasingly interconnected world, the story of English language and its changing dynamics offers a fascinating look into humanity’s shared journey toward understanding and interconnectedness. The evolution of language will irrefutably continue, driven by incessant changes within societies, technological advancements, and transnational interactions. As we step into the future, the multi-lingual landscape and the role of English in this cosmopolitan era jointly hold the promise of a diverse, inclusive, and understanding global society.

Read the text below. Match choices (A–H) to (11–16). There are two choices you do not need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

College Directory

11. Wells College educates women to think critically, reason wisely, and act humanely as they cultivate meaningful lives. Through our academic program, residential atmosphere, and community activities, you’ll learn and practice the ideals of the liberal arts.

12. University of Pittsburg Bradford. Earn a world-renowned degree in a personalized environment. Work with professors who will know your name and your goals. Choose from 41 majors and many research, internship and study-abroad opportunities.

13. University of Rode Island has a great major called “Writing and Rhetoric.” Prepare yourself for a career as a journalist, a novelist, an advertising copywriter, a public relations professional, or an English teacher! You’ll love our beautiful campus located minutes from RI’s gorgeous beaches.

14. University of Dayton. Discover our community: a friendly campus, technology-enhanced learning, challenging academics, competitive athletics and a strong Catholic tradition.

15. Cogswell College. Launch a fun, rewarding career in special effects, animation, scripts, music and sound in movies, video games and high tech. Graduates move up to Cisco, LucasArts, Pixar, Disney, EA and other upmarket firms.

16. University of Alabama. UA has a rich tradition of excellence in academics, student life and sports. Ranked in the top 50 public universities surveyed by U.S. News & World Report; 9 undergraduate degree-granting schools and colleges; 20:1 student-teacher ratio.

Which university __________?
A maintains a religious atmosphere
B guarantees prestigious employment
Cis gender specific
Doffers studies overseas
E provides online learning
Ffocuses on ecological issues
G trains for working at school
H has a high official recognition

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Read the text below. Choose from (A–H) the one which best fits each space (17–22). There are two choices you do not need to use. Write your answers on the separate answer sheet.

What are the roots of the gap year?
The gap year itself has its roots set in post-war Britain. There was a belief that giving young people the opportunity (17) ___________ would mean a greater chance at achieving world peace as new generations gained understanding.
Some also believe the gap year to originate from the idea of the 17th century “Grand Tour” taken by the sons of aristocrats. The Grand Tour comprised up to three years travelling around Europe, (18) ___________ in order to refine their education.
As the children of the baby boomers grew up and came of age in the 1990s, there was (19) __________. These children were encouraged by their parents to travel; an opportunity they never got themselves. However, in 1960s Britain, many school leavers went on what is now known as a “hippy trail”, travelling to destinations in Asia such as India, Pakistan and Nepal. The gap travel industry has since exploded and is now (20) ___________.
Though the gap year has its origins in Britain, it is a concept which has swept the globe, with many American universities enabling their students to postpone (21) ___________. In the present day, taking a gap year has become (22) ___________ of travelling round the world before or after university or on a career break.

A a massive increase in gap year travel
B where the boys would seek out culture
C one of the fastest growing business markets
D a familiar and incredibly popular way
E to travel and experience new cultures
F to choose their future profession
G their university placements to take a year out
H which can be far less expensive

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What was the traditional form of society in terms of language use, as mentioned in the first paragraph?

What is the linguistic paradox associated with the spread of English?

What are some of the challenges with English as a second language?

What can mitigate the challenges of using English as a second language?

What is the potential future of the English language and language use in general in global society?