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Copy of Reading Review CK12 1.9- 1.13 (2/1/2024)

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Last updated about 2 years ago
40 questions
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CK12 1.10 Carbohydrates
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1.11 Proteins
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1.12 Lipids
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1.13 Nucleic Acids
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Question 1
1.

What is the primary element in organic compounds?

Question 2
2.

What best describes the role of organic compounds in organisms?

Question 3
3.

How many elements does a compound consist of?

Question 4
4.

Why is water not considered an organic compound?

Question 5
5.

Why is carbon fundamental to life?

Question 6
6.

How many major types of organic compounds can millions of organic compounds be grouped into?

Question 7
7.

Approximately how many carbon-based compounds can be found in living things?

Question 8
8.

What are the four major types of organic compounds?
Response: List in alphabetical order with no commas between words

Question 9
9.

For the given macromolecule select the correct elements. Make sure you slide the bottom bar to see all possible selections.

Carbon
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Sulphur
Phosphorous
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
Proteins
Question 10
10.
Draggable itemarrow_right_altCorresponding Item
carbohydrates
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provides energy to cells, stores energy, forms body structures
proteins
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stores energy, forms cell membranes, carries messages
nucleic acids
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helps cells keep their shape, makes up muscles, speeds up chemical reactions, carries messages and materials
lipids
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contains instructions for proteins, passes instructions from parents to offspring, helps make proteins
Question 11
11.

What are the small repeating units in carbohydrates called?

Question 12
12.

What elements do carbohydrates contain?

Question 13
13.

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?

Question 14
14.

Which simple sugar is primarily found in fruits?

Question 15
15.

What is the chemical formula for glucose?

Question 16
16.

Which process results in the production of glucose?

Question 17
17.

If glucose and fructose are isomers, what does it mean for their chemical formulas and the atom arrangements?

Question 18
18.

When two monosaccharides bond together, they form a protein, not a carbohydrate.

Question 19
19.

Sucrose, a type of disacaccharide, is composed of the monosaccharides fructose and glucose.

Question 20
20.

Polysaccharides are simple carbohydrates that are formed by only two simple sugars binding together.

Question 21
21.

Polysaccharides can contain between a few to thousands of simple sugars.

Question 22
22.

What are the main functions of complex carbohydrates?

Question 23
23.

What forms when simple sugars bind together in a chain?

Question 24
24.

What two key roles do proteins play in the body's functioning?

Question 25
25.

What is a protein composed of?

Question 26
26.

Approximately how many different amino acids are found in living organisms' proteins?

Question 27
27.

A protein may have up to four levels of structure. The lowest level, a protein’s primary structure, is its sequence of amino acids. The complex structures of different proteins give them unique properties, which they need to carry out their various jobs in living organisms.

Draggable itemarrow_right_altCorresponding Item
Primary
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The sequence of amino acids in a protein.
Secondary
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Amino acid's hydrogen bonds to for helices and sheets.
Tertiary
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Three dimensional structure of a protein, attractions for between helices and sheets
Quaternary
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Protein consisting of more than one amino acid chain
Question 28
28.

What are the proteins that speed up biochemical reactions in cells?

Question 29
29.

Which protein targets pathogens for destruction in our body?

Question 30
30.

Match the type of lipid with its primary function.

Draggable itemarrow_right_altCorresponding Item
Triglycerides
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Stored energy in animals
Phospholipids
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Major components of cell membranes
Steroids
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Serve as chemical messengers and other roles
Question 31
31.

Why are lipids important for human body functions?

Question 32
32.

Which types of fatty acids must be consumed through diet?

Question 33
33.

What is the primary role of essential fatty acids in the body?

Question 34
34.

ATP is not considered a nucleic acid?

Question 35
35.

What replaces thymine in RNA?

Question 36
36.

What is the shape of the DNA molecule known as?

Question 37
37.

In DNA, the base adenine always binds to which other base?

Question 38
38.

DNA, RNA, and ATP are types of what?

Question 39
39.

Match the following molecules to their functions

Draggable itemarrow_right_altCorresponding Item
DNA
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Essential components of proteins
RNA
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Holds genetic instructions for protein sequence
Amino Acid
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Uses DNA information to assemble amino acids
Question 40
40.

What are the three smaller molecules that make up a nucleotide?