Industrial Revolution Test

Required

15

Draggable item		Corresponding Item

Required

2

Which statement best reflects the values of the social gospel movement?

“Workers of the world, unite!”

“A woman’s place is in the home.”

“Feed the hungry and comfort the sick.”

“Survival of the fittest is the key to all progress.”

Required

2

What did Karl Marx predict would be the final result of centuries of class struggle and economic competition?

Peaceful utopian societies would rise around the globe.

The proletariat would become the new elite upper class.

The concepts of private ownership and class would be eliminated.

The old monarchies would return order to Europe.

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2

“Shortly before mid-day I placed the single earphone to my ear and started listening. . . . I heard, faintly but distinctly, pip-pip-pip. . . . I now felt for the first time absolutely certain that the day would come when mankind would be able to send messages without wires not only across the Atlantic, but between the farthermost ends of the earth.”

The person most likely to have spoken these words was

Thomas Edison

Samuel Morse

Nikola Tesla

Alexander Graham Bell

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2

Industrial-era Americans who accused oil tycoon John D. Rockefeller of being a ruthless and greedy monopolist would likely have called him a...

robber baron

socialist

captain of industry

liberal

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2

“What is a microorganism [a microbe] that is innocuous [not harmful] to man or to a given animal species? It is a living being which does not possess the capacity to multiply in our body or in the body of the animal. But nothing proves that if the same microorganism should chance to come into contact with some other of the thousands of animal species in the Creation, it might invade it and render it sick. Its virulence might increase by repeated passages through that species, and might eventually affect man or domesticated animals.”
— Louis Pasteur

Which conclusion can be drawn from this quotation from Louis Pasteur?

Microbes that do not cause harm to human beings are incapable of causing disease.

Microbes cannot multiply.

Microbes are harmful only to humans.

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2

The British philosopher Herbert Spencer coined the phrase “survival of the fittest.” With which theory is it most closely associated?

germ theory

scientific socialism

social darwinism

free enterprise

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2

How did industrial tycoons use Social Darwinism to justify their business practices?

They used their wealth to fund libraries, universities, and other charities.

Through their global ventures, they helped the workers of the world unite.

By subscribing to the social gospel, they fed the hungry and comforted the sick.

By driving out less efficient corporations, they ensured survival of the fittest.

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2

The invention of the steam engine was a key step that eventually led to...

the manufacture of stronger steel. 

the emergence of the factory system.

successful socialist revolutions.

the enclosure movement.

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2

This painting by Thomas Eakins is an example of which artistic movement?

impressionism

realism

romanticism

cubism

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2

Leaders of the temperance movement argued that a ban on alcohol would lead to

a decrease in domestic violence.

greater employment opportunities for women in factories.

increased property rights for women.

an increase in the number of workers who could read and write.

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2

In practice, which economic system led to the highest degree of government control over economic decisions?

communism

socialism

laissez-faire capitalism

utilitarianism

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2

The practice of enclosure helped increase farm outputs by...

creating more jobs for farm laborers.

making it possible to plant seeds in rows.

introducing the use of animal poop for fertilizer.

creating larger fields that could be cultivated more easily. 

Required

2

Georges Haussmann redesigned Paris in the 1850s (as seen below), transforming the city with spacious new squares and boulevards lined with government buildings, offices, department stores, and theaters. What was a major reason for this early experiment in urban renewal?

to make it more difficult for uprisings to block streets and easier for troops to move around the city

to extend electrical service and telephone lines to every neighborhood in the city

to build new water and sewage systems to combat recent epidemics

Required

2

“Yes; the machine turns off a regular quantity of cardings, and of course, they must keep as regularly to their work the whole of the day; they must keep with the machine, and therefore however humane the slubber [the boss] may be, as he must keep up with the machine or be found fault with, he spurs the children to keep up also by various means but that which he commonly resorts to is to strap them when they become drowsy.”

—excerpt from Sadler Report

This is an excerpt from the 1832 Sadler Report, which resulted in

higher wages for skilled workers.

the legalization of organized labor unions.

new regulations to ease working conditions for children.

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2

“We have been driven to the conclusion that only through legislation can any improvement be effected, and that that legislation can never be effected until we have the same power as men have to bring pressure to bear upon our representatives and upon Governments to give us the necessary legislation. . . . We are here not because we are law-breakers; we are here in our efforts to become law-makers.”

— Emmeline Pankhurst, The Prisoners at Bow Street speech, October 21, 1908

Which statement best summarizes the main idea of this quotation from Emmeline Pankhurst, a leader in the women’s suffrage movement?

Women must have the vote in order to win improvements in their lives.

Women should be equal to men in every aspect of their lives.

Women are justified in breaking the law if that will help bring them equality.

Required

2

Which of the following statements would most likely be supported in The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith?

The government has a duty to guarantee everyone a fair wage.

Workers should own and control all means of production.

Prices should be regulated ONLY by the laws of supply and demand.

A utopian community offers the best guarantee of equality and social justice.

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2

What does this image illustrate about the role of women in industrial Britain?

Working-class women no longer had to work but performed support roles.

Women quickly gained the right to vote in industrialized societies.

Women moved into the white-collar workforce in large numbers.

Middle-class women stayed home to raise children and direct servants.

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2

One of the positive effects of the Industrial Revolution was increased...

poverty.

disease outbreaks.

standard of living. 

unemployment.

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2

“The very first requirement in a hospital, is that it should do the sick no harm.”
— Florence Nightingale, Notes on Nursing 1859.

Which of the following would have been a step toward achieving the goal described in this quotation from Florence Nightingale?

vaccinating people against disease

researching the cause of tuberculosis

requiring nurses to wash their hands

using anesthesia in surgery

Required

2

This street scene from the late 19th century illustrates the impact of which two inventors on urban life?

Alfred Nobel and Louis Pasteur

James Watt and Michael Faraday

Thomas Edison and Karl Benz

Robert Fulton and Alexander Graham Bell

Required

2

Based on this map, why do you think the cities of Birmingham and Sheffield became centers for the manufacture of metalware and cutlery?

They are both on navigable rivers.

They are both in areas with iron and coal mines.

They needed to diversify since they did not have textile industries.

They are both near major seaports.

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2

What is formed when one person or company controls an entire industry?

cartel

monopoly

utopia

corporation

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2

How did the Industrial Revolution affect children?

Children often had to work on family farms or in family shops during school holidays.

Children began to be spoiled by their parents.

Most children attended private boarding schools.  

Many children, some as young as five, worked in factories or mines.

Required

2

Which British invention, shown here, revolutionized industry and transportation?

steam engine

flying shuttle

internal combustion engine

light buld

Required

2

Which statement best describes how changes in agriculture supported the early Industrial Revolution?

As farming became more profitable, demand for manufactured goods increased.

The enclosure movement created a large class of unemployed agricultural workers.

The growth of canals and railroads made it easier to ship farm products to industrial cities.

Industrial machinery was needed for dyke building and crop rotation.

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2

“Owing to the extensive use of machinery and to division of labor, the work of the proletarians has lost all individual character, and consequently, all charm for the workman. He becomes [a limb] of the machine, and it is only the most simple, most monotonous, and most easily acquired knack that is required of him. Hence, the cost of production of a workman is restricted entirely to the means of [survival] that he requires for his maintenance. . . .”
— Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, The Communist Manifesto

In this quotation from The Communist Manifesto, what is the position of the worker in factories?

It is good because of the division of labor.

It is bad because workers are like machines.

It is a position that builds character because it is simple.

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2

What is the main reason the “putting-out” system (cottage system) gave way to the factory system in the British textile industry?

The factory system did not require a natural supply of water power.

The factory system produced better quality cloth.

The factory system allowed employers to hire women and children.

The factory system allowed more cloth to be produced at a lower cost.

Required

2

What does this 1889 cartoon emphasize about big business and monopolies?

They controlled an entire industry and helped lower prices for consumers.

They dominated industry and monopolies destroyed their competition.

They worked together and led to a gradual improvement in working conditions.

They helped strengthen the free-enterprise system and embraced competition.

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2

This photograph shows ____________ and illustrates the crowded, dirty conditions that many workers lived in as industrial cities grew.

tenements

subsidized housing

company towns

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2

“Woman is to win every thing by peace and love; by making herself so much respected, esteemed and loved, that to yield to her opinions and to gratify her wishes, will be the free-will offering of the heart. But this is to be all accomplished in the domestic and social circle. There let every woman become so cultivated and refined in intellect . . . so unassuming and unambitious . . . so ‘gentle and easy to be entreated,’ as that every heart will repose in her presence; then, the fathers, the husbands, and the sons, will find an influence thrown around them, to which they will yield not only willingly but proudly.”

Which social development is reflected in this 1837 quotation from Catharine Beecher?

the rise of the women’s suffrage movement

the growing influence of the temperance movement

the increasing demand for higher education for women

Required

20

Choose TWO of the following prompts and respond in complete sentences.

1. How did the creation of the factory system and new forms of transportation affect the growth and development of cities?

2. Which factors gave rise to socialism? How does socialism differ from laissez-faire capitalism?

3. Identify and explain a political, economic, or social factor that led to the Industrial Revolution beginning in Great Britain.

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
Socialism		Device that used coal and steam to generate power; fueled most early factories
Cult of Domesticity		Small and cramped single-family apartments that typically housed multiple families at once
Karl Marx		Scottish economist who established the ideas of free enterprise and laissez faire
Tenements		Economic system where the means of production are collectively owned by the public
Adam Smith		American inventor responsible for the light bulb, phonograph, and motion pictures
Child labor		Social system of the late 1800s where women were seen exclusively as homemakers: raising children, running the estate, managing servants
Realism		English philosopher who was the first to apply Darwin's theory of natural selection to human societies
Samuel Morse		Use of minors as laborers inside factories or mines
Herbert Spencer		German philosopher who saw all history as class conflict and believed there would be an international revolution where workers eliminated the ideas of private ownership and class
Thomas Edison		Inventor of the telegraph and the system used to interpret its signals
Steam engine		Artistic movement that criticized Romanticism, depicting life as it was during the Industrial Revolution

Industrial Revolution Test

Which statement best reflects the values of the social gospel movement?

What did Karl Marx predict would be the final result of centuries of class struggle and economic competition?

Industrial-era Americans who accused oil tycoon John D. Rockefeller of being a ruthless and greedy monopolist would likely have called him a...

The British philosopher Herbert Spencer coined the phrase “survival of the fittest.” With which theory is it most closely associated?

How did industrial tycoons use Social Darwinism to justify their business practices?

The invention of the steam engine was a key step that eventually led to...

This painting by Thomas Eakins is an example of which artistic movement?

Leaders of the temperance movement argued that a ban on alcohol would lead to

In practice, which economic system led to the highest degree of government control over economic decisions?

The practice of enclosure helped increase farm outputs by...

Georges Haussmann redesigned Paris in the 1850s (as seen below), transforming the city with spacious new squares and boulevards lined with government buildings, offices, department stores, and theaters. What was a major reason for this early experiment in urban renewal?

Which of the following statements would most likely be supported in The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith?

What does this image illustrate about the role of women in industrial Britain?

One of the positive effects of the Industrial Revolution was increased...

“The very first requirement in a hospital, is that it should do the sick no harm.”— Florence Nightingale, Notes on Nursing 1859.Which of the following would have been a step toward achieving the goal described in this quotation from Florence Nightingale?

This street scene from the late 19th century illustrates the impact of which two inventors on urban life?

Based on this map, why do you think the cities of Birmingham and Sheffield became centers for the manufacture of metalware and cutlery?

What is formed when one person or company controls an entire industry?

How did the Industrial Revolution affect children?

Which British invention, shown here, revolutionized industry and transportation?

Which statement best describes how changes in agriculture supported the early Industrial Revolution?

What is the main reason the “putting-out” system (cottage system) gave way to the factory system in the British textile industry?

What does this 1889 cartoon emphasize about big business and monopolies?

This photograph shows ____________ and illustrates the crowded, dirty conditions that many workers lived in as industrial cities grew.

Which statement best reflects the values of the social gospel movement?

What did Karl Marx predict would be the final result of centuries of class struggle and economic competition?

Industrial-era Americans who accused oil tycoon John D. Rockefeller of being a ruthless and greedy monopolist would likely have called him a...

The British philosopher Herbert Spencer coined the phrase “survival of the fittest.” With which theory is it most closely associated?

How did industrial tycoons use Social Darwinism to justify their business practices?

The invention of the steam engine was a key step that eventually led to...

This painting by Thomas Eakins is an example of which artistic movement?

Leaders of the temperance movement argued that a ban on alcohol would lead to

In practice, which economic system led to the highest degree of government control over economic decisions?

The practice of enclosure helped increase farm outputs by...

Georges Haussmann redesigned Paris in the 1850s (as seen below), transforming the city with spacious new squares and boulevards lined with government buildings, offices, department stores, and theaters. What was a major reason for this early experiment in urban renewal?

Which of the following statements would most likely be supported in The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith?

What does this image illustrate about the role of women in industrial Britain?

One of the positive effects of the Industrial Revolution was increased...

“The very first requirement in a hospital, is that it should do the sick no harm.”— Florence Nightingale, Notes on Nursing 1859.Which of the following would have been a step toward achieving the goal described in this quotation from Florence Nightingale?

This street scene from the late 19th century illustrates the impact of which two inventors on urban life?

Based on this map, why do you think the cities of Birmingham and Sheffield became centers for the manufacture of metalware and cutlery?

What is formed when one person or company controls an entire industry?

How did the Industrial Revolution affect children?

Which British invention, shown here, revolutionized industry and transportation?

Which statement best describes how changes in agriculture supported the early Industrial Revolution?

What is the main reason the “putting-out” system (cottage system) gave way to the factory system in the British textile industry?

What does this 1889 cartoon emphasize about big business and monopolies?

This photograph shows ____________ and illustrates the crowded, dirty conditions that many workers lived in as industrial cities grew.

“The very first requirement in a hospital, is that it should do the sick no harm.”
— Florence Nightingale, Notes on Nursing 1859.

Which of the following would have been a step toward achieving the goal described in this quotation from Florence Nightingale?

“The very first requirement in a hospital, is that it should do the sick no harm.”
— Florence Nightingale, Notes on Nursing 1859.

Which of the following would have been a step toward achieving the goal described in this quotation from Florence Nightingale?