Mutation Vocab Assessment - Sherrel Campbell | Biblioteka

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Codon

A three-nucleotide sequence on mRNA that codes for an amino acid

A molecule that carries genetic information in cells

The process of converting DNA into RNA

A structure composed of RNA and proteins where protein synthesis occurs

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Transfer RNA (tRNA):

A molecule that carries genetic information in cells

The process of converting DNA into RNA

A type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome

A structure composed of RNA and proteins where protein synthesis occurs

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Translation:

A molecule that carries genetic information in cells

The process of converting DNA into RNA

A type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome

The second step of protein synthesis, where the information in mRNA is used to build a specific protein.

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Ribosome:

A molecule that carries genetic information in cells

The cellular structure where protein synthesis takes place

The process of converting DNA into RNA

The building blocks of proteins

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Messenger RNA (mRNA):

A molecule that carries genetic information in cells

A type of RNA that carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

The process of converting DNA into RNA

A structure composed of RNA and proteins where protein synthesis occurs

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Transcription:

A molecule that carries genetic information in cells

The first step of protein synthesis

The third step of protein synthesis

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RNA

A molecule that helps to transfer the genetic instructions from DNA to the cell.

A mutation that involves the replacement of a single nucleotide in the DNA sequence.

A type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome

The process of converting DNA into RNA

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DNA:

The process of making proteins based on coding

The molecule that contains the genetic instructions of all living organisms

A type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome

A structure composed of RNA and proteins where protein synthesis occurs

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Allele

One of the alternative forms of a gene

A structure composed of RNA and proteins where protein synthesis occurs

The specific location of a gene on a chromosome

The process of producing proteins from mRNA

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Meiosis

A process that produces the sex cells with half the chromosomes of a body cell

A mutation that results in a completely different protein

The presence of many different alleles in a population

The process of DNA replication

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Silent Mutation:

A mutation that results in a completely different protein

A mutation that does not change the amino acid sequence

A mutation that alters the reading frame of mRNA

A mutation involving the insertion or deletion of nucleotides

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Mutation:

A change in an organism's behavior

A change in an organism's environment

A change in an organism's DNA sequence

A change in an organism's phenotype

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Which of the following can cause mutations?

Exposure to radiation

Exposure to certain chemicals

Errors during DNA replication

All of the above

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How do mutations contribute to evolutionary processes?

Mutations always result in beneficial adaptations

Mutations decrease genetic diversity within populations

Mutations introduce genetic variation, which can lead to adaptations over time

Mutations only occur in non-reproductive cells, so they do not affect evolution

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Which of the following is NOT a potential cause of mutations?

Exposure to UV radiation

Exposure to certain chemicals

Errors during DNA replication

Eating genetically modified foods

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Amino Acid

A type of RNA

The building blocks of proteins

It reads the mRNA code

A mutation in the DNA sequence

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Point Mutation

A mutation that involves the making of Cancer

A mutation that involves the replacement, insertion, or deletion of a single nucleotide in the DNA sequence

Mutations have no effect on genetic diversity

A mutation that occurs every year.

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Protein Synthesis

The process of making proteins based on the unique combination of DNA code

The process of erasing proteins from the DNA code

The process of finding proteins in the DNA code

The process of adding proteins to the DNA code

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Chromosomes

A mutation that does not change the amino acid sequence

A segment of DNA that contains the instructions for making DNA

The molecule that contains the RNA instructions

Thread-like structures made of DNA and proteins that carries genetic information