List the 4 major functions of the gastrointestinal system (in order of when they occur) without a comma in between them
Categorize the following into the two major categories of digestion:
Your stomach churns your food
Your teeth chew your food
Nuclease breaks down nucleic acids
Your tongue helps to squish up your food in your mouth
Amylase breaks down starch
Mechanical Digestion
Chemical Digestion
What kinds of digestion occur in the oral cavity?
What enzyme do your salivary glands produce?
What does the enzyme that your salivary glands produce break down?
What is the name of the reaction that this enzyme performs? (this is a throwback to the first major unit on biomolecules - what reaction breaks things apart?)
What is the ball of food that you swallow called?
How many tubes does the pharynx split into?
Where does the trachea lead to?
What structure below the pharynx contains the vocal chords?
What structure (hopefully) prevents food from getting into the windpipe?
What major organ does the esophagus bring food to?
What is the muscle movement that helps food move down the esophagus?
What is the structure at the base of the esophagus that (hopefully) prevents food from getting back up into the esophagus from the stomach?
What kinds of digestion occur in the stomach?
What are the small indentations lining the stomach that release chemicals into the stomach?
What is released into the stomach that decreases the pH in the stomach and makes it more acidic?
What lines the stomach that helps to prevent it from being damaged or hurt by the acid inside the stomach?
What is the name of the non-functional enzyme that is released into the stomach (before it turns into a functional enzyme)?
What is the name of the functional enzyme that the enzyme from the previous question turns into in the presence of acid?
What does the enzyme from the previous question break down?
What is the mixture of HCl, mucus, pepsin, and food called?
Sort the following skulls and molar types based on what the organism most likely ate.
Eyes face sideways
Jaw connection point in line with the tooth line
Hypsodont molars
Brachyodont/Bunodont molars
Jaw connection point well above the tooth line
Carnassial molars
Jaw connection point a little above the tooth line
Carnivore
Herbivore
Omnivore
What teeth are very prominent at the front of the mouth in carnivores that are good for piercing flesh when biting?
What are the teeth that are at the very front of the mouth called that are good for snipping off food when biting?
Which of the following occurs when there is damage to the lower esophageal sphincter/cardiac sphincter and stomach juices (which are acidic) move up into the esophagus?
If an individual has a severe negative reaction to gluten that causes the small intestine to become inflamed they might have ...