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MED/SURG FINAL

Last updated almost 2 years ago
75 questions
1

Pupil dilation, increased HR, and increased BP are controlled by which system

1

T/F The sympathetic nervous system releases norepinephrine, epinephrine and acetylcholine

1

_ is the position in which the arms are flexed, fists clenched, and legs are extended

1

_ is extremely stiff extremities with flexed hands and feet

1

_ is drowsy or sleepy at inappropriate times but can be aroused.

1

_ is aroused by only vigorous/repeated physical visual or auditory stimuli

1

_is unresponsive except to superficial/mildly painful stimuli that causes a motor response

1

What is the normal pressure for CSF

1

_ is injected into the spinal canal and used to demonstrate abnormalities

1

T/F: EEGs record electrical impulses generated by the brain

1

What is the normal range for ICP

1

What are the early signs of increased ICP?

1
What is the earliest sign of ICP? _______
1

What is Cushing Triad

1

What IV solutions are to be avoided for a patient with increased ICP

1
_______ _______ _______ are goals for a patient with increased ICP
1

S/S: headache, fever, photophobia, opisthotonos, Brudzinski sign, Kernig sign, irritability, vomiting, red rash on body

1
_______ _______ _______ are used to treat meningitis
1

S/S: sudden fever, severe headache, stiff neck, vomiting, drowsiness

1

T/F: Antipyretics, anticonvulsants, analgesics, and anti-inflammatory drugs treat encephalitis.

1

Which direction does muscle weakness moves in a patient with Gullian Barre

1

S/S: increased ICP, fever headache, muscle weakness, ;lethargy

1
_______ is characterized by fatigue, diplopia, nystagmus, numbness/tingling in arms or legs, mood swings, slurred speech, weakness and treated with baclofen
1

Severe weakness, drooping eyelids, dysphagia, voice weakness

1
_______ _______ treats myasthenia gravis
1

A muscle wasting disorder that has no known cause

1

Painful condition that affects 5th nerve and is characterized by sudden severe burning and face twitching

1

Dilantin, Tegretol, and opioids are used to treat

1

What disorder develops within 1-2 days, affects the 7th cranial nerve, characterized by face pain and numbness, diminished blink reflex, ptosis of eyelid and is treated with steroids

1

T/F: Parkinsons results from dopamine deficiency and manifests as stiffness, hand tremors, stooped posture, shuffling gait, and difficulty swallowing and talking.

1

What drugs are given to patients with Parkinsons

1

Hereditary disease with mental apathy and choreiform movements, intellectual decline, incontinence, and severe depression that is treated with tranquilizers and antiparkinson meds:

1

This seizure is characterized by brief LOC, blank stare, and they go unnoticed

1

Sudden excessive jerking of extremities with patient falling to the ground

1

A seizure that has a preictal phase, aura, postictal phase and characteristics of frothing at the mouth, clenched jaw, and usually lasts for 1 minute or more.

1
_______ is tonic clonic seizures that are back-to-back and the patient does not regain consciousness between seizures. This condition is very dangerous.
1
_______ causes the person to lose consciousness and falls to the ground with rapid recovery
1

Elevated keppra levels:

1
_______ is manifested by headache vomiting and papilledema
1

Fluctuations in reproductive hormones, food chemicals, food allergies, emotional stress, alcohol, caffeine, or drugs causes:

1
_______ can be triggered by vasodilating agents such as nitroglycerin, histamines, alcohol
1

Headache with s/s of pressure, steady constriction on sides of head:

1

Headache manifested by throbbing or bursting pain, vertigo, sensitive to light, irritability, and fatigue.

1

One sided head pain with nasal congestion/discomfort, rhinorrhea, and tearing/redness of the eye. Very severe pain.

1
_______ symptoms include loss of vision, diplopia, LOC changes, numbness, weakness, paralysis, that resolve with time.
1

How long can the brain go without oxygen before cell death occurs?

1

Sudden severe headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and rapid LOC

1

Cerebral hematoma that's caused by arterial bleeding between the dura and skull with LOC, pupil changes, hemiparesis

1

Cerebral hematoma caused by venous bleeding between the dura and subarachnoid space with deteriorating LOC

1

Pt exhibits hypotension, rapid weak pulse, shallow respirations, LOC and pale clammy skin with antegrade amnesia

1

Bleeding inside the brain with s/s of increased ICP: hyperthermia, seizure, headache, and irregular breathing

1
This occurs in patients with T6 and above spinal injuries Severe HTN, bradycardia, pounding headache, nausea, blurred vision, flushed skin, sweating, goosebumps, nasal stuffiness, and anxiety are s/s of _______
1
Uncontrolled _______ can lead to seizures, CVA, and death
1
Full bladder, abdominal distension, skin pressure/breakdown, overstretched muscles, sex, otc decongestants, sun burn, ingrown toenails, hot/cold temps causes_______
1
_______ are given to reduce spinal cord edema caused by autonomic dysreflexia
1

Where is the mitral valve located

1

This type of cardiomyopathy is caused by myocarditis, an autoimmune response, alcohol abuse

1

S/S: Dyspnea on exertion and laying down, fatigue, leg swelling, palpitations, and chest pain

1

S/S: ascites, leg edema, exertional dyspnea, hepatomegaly

1

This condition is treated with pacemaker insertion, alcohol ablation, or ventriculomyotomy

1
_______ the condition in which the lumen of arteries fill with plaque
1

This angina is treated with IV nitroglycerin

1

This angina is treated with rest and sublingual nitrates

1

This angina is caused by arterial spasms and is treated with nitrates

1

Onset Confusion, headache, visual disturbances, seizures, and coma

1

S/S: Confused, elevated body temp, tachycardia, irritable, weakness, anorexia, nausea and vomiting

1

S/S: dry, sticky mucous membranes, decreased urine output, elevated body temp, lethargy

1

S/S: weakness, anorexia, leg cramps, irregular heart rate

1

S/S: diarrhea, nausea, weakness, ventricular tachycardia

1

S/S: tingling around mouth and in extremities, abdominal cramps, +Chvostek and Trousseau sign, altered mental status, seizures, tetany, hx of hypoparathyroidism or acute pancreatitis

1

S/S: constipation, deep bone pain, altered mental status, thirst, anorexia

1

S/S: +Chvostek and Trousseau signs, leg and foot cramps, HTN, altered mental status, irritable, dysphagia, tachycardia, alcohol abuse, gastric suction, or high intake of calcium

1

S/S: flushed, warm skin, hypotension, lethargy, drowsy, bradycardia, weakness, decreased respirations, coma, hx of Addison's disease or hyperparathyroidism

1

S/S: pH above 7.45, bicarb greater than 26, CO2 normal, may be caused by hypokalemia, hyperaldosteronism, or gastric suctioning

1

Which finding best represents metabolic acidosis