MED/SURG FINAL

1

Pupil dilation, increased HR, and increased BP are controlled by which system

1

T/F The sympathetic nervous system releases norepinephrine, epinephrine and acetylcholine

1

_ is the position in which the arms are flexed, fists clenched, and legs are extended

1

_ is extremely stiff extremities with flexed hands and feet

1

_ is drowsy or sleepy at inappropriate times but can be aroused.

1

_ is aroused by only vigorous/repeated physical visual or auditory stimuli

1

_is unresponsive except to superficial/mildly painful stimuli that causes a motor response

1

What is the normal pressure for CSF

1

_ is injected into the spinal canal and used to demonstrate abnormalities

1

T/F: EEGs record electrical impulses generated by the brain

1

What is the normal range for ICP

1

What are the early signs of increased ICP?

1

What is the earliest sign of ICP? _______ 

1

What is Cushing Triad

1

What IV solutions are to be avoided for a patient with increased ICP

1

_______ _______ _______ are goals for a patient with increased ICP

1

S/S: headache, fever, photophobia, opisthotonos, Brudzinski sign, Kernig sign, irritability, vomiting, red rash on body

1

_______ _______ _______ are used to treat meningitis

1

S/S: sudden fever, severe headache, stiff neck, vomiting, drowsiness

1

T/F: Antipyretics, anticonvulsants, analgesics, and anti-inflammatory drugs treat encephalitis.

1

Which direction does muscle weakness moves in a patient with Gullian Barre

1

S/S: increased ICP, fever headache, muscle weakness, ;lethargy

1

_______ is characterized by fatigue, diplopia, nystagmus, numbness/tingling in arms or legs, mood swings, slurred speech, weakness and treated with baclofen 

1

Severe weakness, drooping eyelids, dysphagia, voice weakness

1

_______ _______ treats myasthenia gravis

1

A muscle wasting disorder that has no known cause

1

Painful condition that affects 5th nerve and is characterized by sudden severe burning and face twitching

1

Dilantin, Tegretol, and opioids are used to treat

1

What disorder develops within 1-2 days, affects the 7th cranial nerve, characterized by face pain and numbness, diminished blink reflex, ptosis of eyelid and is treated with steroids

1

T/F: Parkinsons results from dopamine deficiency and manifests as stiffness, hand tremors, stooped posture, shuffling gait, and difficulty swallowing and talking.

1

What drugs are given to patients with Parkinsons

1

Hereditary disease with mental apathy and choreiform movements, intellectual decline, incontinence, and severe depression that is treated with tranquilizers and antiparkinson meds:

1

This seizure is characterized by brief LOC, blank stare, and they go unnoticed

1

Sudden excessive jerking of extremities with patient falling to the ground

1

A seizure that has a preictal phase, aura, postictal phase and characteristics of frothing at the mouth, clenched jaw, and usually lasts for 1 minute or more.

1

_______ is tonic clonic seizures that are back-to-back and the patient does not regain consciousness between seizures. This condition is very dangerous.

1

_______ causes the person to lose consciousness and falls to the ground with rapid recovery

1

Elevated keppra levels:

1

_______ is manifested by headache vomiting and papilledema

1

Fluctuations in reproductive hormones, food chemicals, food allergies, emotional stress, alcohol, caffeine, or drugs causes:

1

_______ can be triggered by vasodilating agents such as nitroglycerin, histamines, alcohol

1

Headache with s/s of pressure, steady constriction on sides of head:

1

Headache manifested by throbbing or bursting pain, vertigo, sensitive to light, irritability, and fatigue.

1

One sided head pain with nasal congestion/discomfort, rhinorrhea, and tearing/redness of the eye. Very severe pain.

1

_______ symptoms include loss of vision, diplopia, LOC changes, numbness, weakness, paralysis, that resolve with time.

1

How long can the brain go without oxygen before cell death occurs?

1

Sudden severe headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and rapid LOC

1

Cerebral hematoma that's caused by arterial bleeding between the dura and skull with LOC, pupil changes, hemiparesis

1

Cerebral hematoma caused by venous bleeding between the dura and subarachnoid space with deteriorating LOC

1

Pt exhibits hypotension, rapid weak pulse, shallow respirations, LOC and pale clammy skin with antegrade amnesia

1

Bleeding inside the brain with s/s of increased ICP: hyperthermia, seizure, headache, and irregular breathing

1

This occurs in patients with T6 and above spinal injuries Severe HTN, bradycardia, pounding headache, nausea, blurred vision, flushed skin, sweating, goosebumps, nasal stuffiness, and anxiety are s/s of _______ 

1

Uncontrolled _______ can lead to seizures, CVA, and death

1

Full bladder, abdominal distension, skin pressure/breakdown, overstretched muscles, sex, otc decongestants, sun burn, ingrown toenails, hot/cold temps causes_______ 

1

_______ are given to reduce spinal cord edema caused by autonomic dysreflexia

1

Where is the mitral valve located

1

This type of cardiomyopathy is caused by myocarditis, an autoimmune response, alcohol abuse

1

S/S: Dyspnea on exertion and laying down, fatigue, leg swelling, palpitations, and chest pain

1

S/S: ascites, leg edema, exertional dyspnea, hepatomegaly

1

This condition is treated with pacemaker insertion, alcohol ablation, or ventriculomyotomy

1

_______ the condition in which the lumen of arteries fill with plaque

1

This angina is treated with IV nitroglycerin

1

This angina is treated with rest and sublingual nitrates

1

This angina is caused by arterial spasms and is treated with nitrates

1

Onset Confusion, headache, visual disturbances, seizures, and coma

1

S/S: Confused, elevated body temp, tachycardia, irritable, weakness, anorexia, nausea and vomiting

1

S/S: dry, sticky mucous membranes, decreased urine output, elevated body temp, lethargy

1

S/S: weakness, anorexia, leg cramps, irregular heart rate

1

S/S: diarrhea, nausea, weakness, ventricular tachycardia

1

S/S: tingling around mouth and in extremities, abdominal cramps, +Chvostek and Trousseau sign, altered mental status, seizures, tetany, hx of hypoparathyroidism or acute pancreatitis

1

S/S: constipation, deep bone pain, altered mental status, thirst, anorexia

1

S/S: +Chvostek and Trousseau signs, leg and foot cramps, HTN, altered mental status, irritable, dysphagia, tachycardia, alcohol abuse, gastric suction, or high intake of calcium

1

S/S: flushed, warm skin, hypotension, lethargy, drowsy, bradycardia, weakness, decreased respirations, coma, hx of Addison's disease or hyperparathyroidism

1

S/S: pH above 7.45, bicarb greater than 26, CO2 normal, may be caused by hypokalemia, hyperaldosteronism, or gastric suctioning

1

MED/SURG FINAL

Pupil dilation, increased HR, and increased BP are controlled by which system

T/F The sympathetic nervous system releases norepinephrine, epinephrine and acetylcholine

_ is the position in which the arms are flexed, fists clenched, and legs are extended

_ is extremely stiff extremities with flexed hands and feet

_ is drowsy or sleepy at inappropriate times but can be aroused.

_ is aroused by only vigorous/repeated physical visual or auditory stimuli

_is unresponsive except to superficial/mildly painful stimuli that causes a motor response

What is the normal pressure for CSF

_ is injected into the spinal canal and used to demonstrate abnormalities

T/F: EEGs record electrical impulses generated by the brain

What is the normal range for ICP

What are the early signs of increased ICP?

What is Cushing Triad

What IV solutions are to be avoided for a patient with increased ICP

S/S: headache, fever, photophobia, opisthotonos, Brudzinski sign, Kernig sign, irritability, vomiting, red rash on body

S/S: sudden fever, severe headache, stiff neck, vomiting, drowsiness

T/F: Antipyretics, anticonvulsants, analgesics, and anti-inflammatory drugs treat encephalitis.

Which direction does muscle weakness moves in a patient with Gullian Barre

S/S: increased ICP, fever headache, muscle weakness, ;lethargy

Severe weakness, drooping eyelids, dysphagia, voice weakness

A muscle wasting disorder that has no known cause

Painful condition that affects 5th nerve and is characterized by sudden severe burning and face twitching

Dilantin, Tegretol, and opioids are used to treat

What disorder develops within 1-2 days, affects the 7th cranial nerve, characterized by face pain and numbness, diminished blink reflex, ptosis of eyelid and is treated with steroids

T/F: Parkinsons results from dopamine deficiency and manifests as stiffness, hand tremors, stooped posture, shuffling gait, and difficulty swallowing and talking.

What drugs are given to patients with Parkinsons

Hereditary disease with mental apathy and choreiform movements, intellectual decline, incontinence, and severe depression that is treated with tranquilizers and antiparkinson meds:

This seizure is characterized by brief LOC, blank stare, and they go unnoticed

Sudden excessive jerking of extremities with patient falling to the ground

A seizure that has a preictal phase, aura, postictal phase and characteristics of frothing at the mouth, clenched jaw, and usually lasts for 1 minute or more.

Elevated keppra levels:

Fluctuations in reproductive hormones, food chemicals, food allergies, emotional stress, alcohol, caffeine, or drugs causes:

Headache with s/s of pressure, steady constriction on sides of head:

Headache manifested by throbbing or bursting pain, vertigo, sensitive to light, irritability, and fatigue.

One sided head pain with nasal congestion/discomfort, rhinorrhea, and tearing/redness of the eye. Very severe pain.

How long can the brain go without oxygen before cell death occurs?

Sudden severe headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and rapid LOC

Cerebral hematoma that's caused by arterial bleeding between the dura and skull with LOC, pupil changes, hemiparesis

Cerebral hematoma caused by venous bleeding between the dura and subarachnoid space with deteriorating LOC

Pt exhibits hypotension, rapid weak pulse, shallow respirations, LOC and pale clammy skin with antegrade amnesia

Bleeding inside the brain with s/s of increased ICP: hyperthermia, seizure, headache, and irregular breathing

Where is the mitral valve located

This type of cardiomyopathy is caused by myocarditis, an autoimmune response, alcohol abuse

S/S: Dyspnea on exertion and laying down, fatigue, leg swelling, palpitations, and chest pain

S/S: ascites, leg edema, exertional dyspnea, hepatomegaly

This condition is treated with pacemaker insertion, alcohol ablation, or ventriculomyotomy

This angina is treated with IV nitroglycerin

This angina is treated with rest and sublingual nitrates

This angina is caused by arterial spasms and is treated with nitrates

Onset Confusion, headache, visual disturbances, seizures, and coma

S/S: Confused, elevated body temp, tachycardia, irritable, weakness, anorexia, nausea and vomiting

S/S: dry, sticky mucous membranes, decreased urine output, elevated body temp, lethargy

S/S: weakness, anorexia, leg cramps, irregular heart rate

S/S: diarrhea, nausea, weakness, ventricular tachycardia

S/S: tingling around mouth and in extremities, abdominal cramps, +Chvostek and Trousseau sign, altered mental status, seizures, tetany, hx of hypoparathyroidism or acute pancreatitis

S/S: constipation, deep bone pain, altered mental status, thirst, anorexia

S/S: +Chvostek and Trousseau signs, leg and foot cramps, HTN, altered mental status, irritable, dysphagia, tachycardia, alcohol abuse, gastric suction, or high intake of calcium

S/S: flushed, warm skin, hypotension, lethargy, drowsy, bradycardia, weakness, decreased respirations, coma, hx of Addison's disease or hyperparathyroidism

S/S: pH above 7.45, bicarb greater than 26, CO2 normal, may be caused by hypokalemia, hyperaldosteronism, or gastric suctioning

Which finding best represents metabolic acidosis

Pupil dilation, increased HR, and increased BP are controlled by which system

T/F The sympathetic nervous system releases norepinephrine, epinephrine and acetylcholine

_ is the position in which the arms are flexed, fists clenched, and legs are extended

_ is extremely stiff extremities with flexed hands and feet

_ is drowsy or sleepy at inappropriate times but can be aroused.

_ is aroused by only vigorous/repeated physical visual or auditory stimuli

_is unresponsive except to superficial/mildly painful stimuli that causes a motor response

What is the normal pressure for CSF

_ is injected into the spinal canal and used to demonstrate abnormalities

T/F: EEGs record electrical impulses generated by the brain

What is the normal range for ICP

What are the early signs of increased ICP?

What is Cushing Triad

What IV solutions are to be avoided for a patient with increased ICP

S/S: headache, fever, photophobia, opisthotonos, Brudzinski sign, Kernig sign, irritability, vomiting, red rash on body

S/S: sudden fever, severe headache, stiff neck, vomiting, drowsiness

T/F: Antipyretics, anticonvulsants, analgesics, and anti-inflammatory drugs treat encephalitis.

Which direction does muscle weakness moves in a patient with Gullian Barre