Ozone REDemption - Ryan Beeler | Biblioteka

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Chemical compound banned in most countries because of link to stratospheric ozone depletion.

Carbon dioxide (CO₂)

Nitrates (NO₃⁻)

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

Nitrogen oxides (NO_x)

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In 1978, the United States banned the use of CFCs in aerosols. Based on the data in the graph, which of the following best explains the effect of this ban as a solution to decrease global CFC production?

The ban on CFCs in aerosols in the United States was not effective on a global scale because it led to an increase in reports of skin cancer and cataracts in patients in the Southern Hemisphere from 1970 to 2000.

The ban on CFCs led to a decrease of CFC-11 and CFC-12 production by more than 15% between 1978 and 1980, which supports the ban as an effective solution to reduce global CFC production.

The ban on CFCs in aerosols led to an increase in CFC-113 production for use in refrigerants and air conditioners in the United States, which led to a 10% overall increase in global CFC production between 1970 and 1980.

The ban on CFCs also led to a decrease in HCFC production beginning in 1980, reducing the reliance on chlorinated chemicals used in industrial processes and greatly reducing stratospheric ozone depletion.

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Which of the following statements best uses the data to support the claim that the Montreal Protocol was an effective solution for a global problem?

The Montreal Protocol was passed in 1970 to increase the production of HCFCs, which led to decreased reliance on CFCs. Based on the graph, HCFC-22 production increased steadily from 1980 to 1990 and HCFC-141b increased from 1990 to 2000.

The Montreal Protocol led to a dramatic reduction in CFC production globally after 1987, which greatly reduced the concentration of chlorinated hydrocarbons present in the stratosphere and decreased the breakdown of stratospheric ozone. Based on the graph, the annual production of CFCs decreased significantly in the late 1980s to almost 0 tons by 2000.

The Montreal Protocol reduced stratospheric ozone depletion by increasing the reliance on CFCs in industrial processes. Based on the graph, the increase in global CFC production from 1960 to 1970 demonstrates the success of the protocol by substituting ozone-depleting substances with CFCs.

The Montreal Protocol monitored the production and sale of CFCs and HCFCs in the late 1990s to decrease tropospheric ozone pollution and photochemical smog. Based on the graph, CFCs and HCFCs leveled off at 100,000 tons produced in 2000.

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This layer of Earth’s atmosphere contains the ozone layer that absorbs the sun's ultraviolet rays.

Thermosphere

Stratosphere

Mesosphere

Troposphere

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Which of the following human activities is most closely associated with depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer?

Generation of electricity

Heating of homes and factories

Mining of coal

Disposal of refrigerators and air conditioners