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Biology Final Exam 23-24

Last updated over 1 year ago

50 questions

Note from the author:

Instructions

Unit 0 - Nature of Science

1

1

1

1

1

SC.5.N.2.1

Unit 1 - Biochemistry

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1

1

1

1

Unit 2 - Cells

1

1

1

1

1

Unit 3 - Energetics

1

1

1

1

1

Unit 4 - Cell Growth & Division

1

1

1

1

1

Unit 5 - Genetics and Heredity

1

1

1

1

1

Unit 6 - Nucleic Acids & Protein Synthesis

1

1

1

Bio.3.1.2

1

Bio.3.1.1

Bio.3.1.2

1

Unit 7 - Evolution & Classification

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1

1

1

1

Unit 8 - Viruses & Bacteria

Required

1

BIO.4.A

BIO.4.C

Required

1

BIO.4.A

BIO.4.C

Required

1

1

Required

1

BIO.4.C

Unit 9 - Ecology

1

1

1

1

1

This is a comprehensive exam covering all of the material we have learned this year. Each unit is represented with 5 overarching questions.

This is a comprehensive exam covering all of the material we have learned this year. Each unit is represented with 5 overarching questions.

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Question 35

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Transcribe the mRNA T A C C C G C A T A T A into Amino Acids (Use the codon wheel for abbreviations)

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Question 48

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Question 50

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Which of the following is true about the conclusion in an experiment?

It should be based on the scientist's beliefs.

It should always reject the hypothesis.

It should always accept the hypothesis.

It should be based on evaluation of all the experimental data.

A scientific hypothesis

is a proven fact with much evidence to support it

does not have to be tested to be accepted as correct

can be tested by experiments or observations

can be based on personal beliefs or opinions

The variable that changes in response to the independent variable is the _________ variable.

control

managed

changed

dependent

What is the independent variable in this experiment?

amount of time spent sleeping

the type of test given

the number of students in each group

test scores

Scientists communicate their results by publishing their work. What reasoning explains why this is important? 

to keep their work secret

so the experiments are not repeated

to compete with other scientis

to learn from each other

Enzymes can act as organic catalysts in living things. How do enzymes affect reaction rates in cells?

They slow down cellular reactions by lowering the reaction temperature.

They slow down cellular reactions by inhibition.

They speed up cellular reactions by providing a site for substrates to react.

The speed up cellular reactions by providing energy to the products.

Match each macromolecule on the left to its function on the right

Protein

Quick energy source; structural support in plants

Nucleic Acids

Cell membranes; waterproof coating; chemical messengers

Lipid

Muscles, structural, antibodies, enzymes

Carbohydrate

Carry genetic information

Match the monomer on the left with the macromolecule that it is makes on the right. 

Fatty acid/Glycerol

Protein

Amino acid

Nucleic acid

Monosaccharide

Lipid

Nucleotide

Carbohydrate

Water molecules stick to each other through what type of bonding?

covalent bonds

ionic bonds

hydrogen bonds

electrical bonds

Which 2 enzymes can function in a neutral pH?

Enzyme A and Enzyme B

Enzyme B and Enzyme C

Enzyme C and Enzyme D

Which structure-function pair is mismatched?

Nucleolus: production of ribosomes

Mitochondria: production of cellular energy

Golgi: protein modification and transport

Lysosomes: photosynthesis

The cell membrane is described as selectively permeable. Select one of the following choices that best describes the cell membrane as selectively permeable.

The membrane is does not allow passage of hydrophobic molecules.

The membrane allows the passage of some substances but not others.

The membrane can control cell size.

The membrane can regulate the passage of molecules between cell compartments.

The phospholipid bilayer describes a structure with:

Non-polar layers on both the inside and outside.

Non-polar tails on the outside and polar heads on the inside.

Polar heads on the outside and non-polar tails on the inside.

Polar layers on both the inside and outside.

Cells have special structures within them that perform specific functions. These structures are called_________?

conponents

organelles

protons

cell walls

Which correctly pairs the direction water will move and the type of solution the cell is in?

Water will move in and out of the cell at the same rate, hypertonic

Water will move out of the cell, hypotonic

Water will move into the cell, hypotonic

Water will move out of the cell, hypertonic

A scientist observed that during the course of a chemical reaction the number of ATP molecules was reduced . What did the scientist most likely learn from the observation?

The reaction produced water.

The reaction required an input of energy.

The reaction caused an output of energy.

The reaction consumed water.

The diagram shows the structure of adenosine diphosphate (ADP). What describes the conversion of ADP to ATP?

a release of energy as a third phosphate group is attached

an input of energy to attach a third phosphate group

an input of energy as both phosphate groups detach

a release of energy as one phosphate group detaches

Most of cellular respiration occurs inside of which organelle?

Golgi Body

Mitochondria

Nucleus

Chloroplasts

The energy produced during respiration is placed into what energy molecule?

Adenonsine Triphosphate (ATP)

Light Energy

Water

Glucose

 Which product of photosynthesis is the food? 

Carbon Dioxide

Glucose

Oxygen

Water

The cell cycle is the

time it takes for one cell to undergo mitosis.

time from prophase until cytokinesis.

series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide.

period of time between the birth and the death of a cell.

Fruit fly body cells have 8 chromosomes. After mitosis, you would expect a resulting fruit fly daughter cell to have

8 chromosomes.

46 chromosomes.

4 chromosomes.

16 chromosomes.

The correct order for the cells shown in the figure above is:

A, B, C, D

D, A, C, B

A, D, C, B

B, A, C, D

If a somatic (body) cell starts with 60 chromosomes, how many chromosomes would the new gametic (sperm or egg) cell have after going through meiosis?

60

120

20

30

Which process is illustrated in the diagram above?

crossing-over

replication

nondisjunction

independent assortment

Which of the following shows a homozgous dominant genotype?

Tt

Phentoype

TT

tt

If both parents are homozygous dominant for brown eyes. What is the probabitility of them having a child with blue eyes?

0%

50%

25%

75%

100%

Factors that control traits are called

parents.

genes.

purebreds.

recessives.

An organism’s physical appearance is its

phenotype

genotype

codominance

heterzygous

In the table shown above, among the offspring, what is the ratio of dominant to recessive for this trait?

3:1

1:2:3

2:2

1:3

Assume that the DNA of an organism contains 20% adenine (A). What percentage of guanine (G) would be in this DNA?

20%

30%

60%

80%

The molecule that carries the transcribed DNA template code is 

mRNA

Ethyl Alcohol

Sugar

tRNA

The process of copying a gene's DNA sequence into a sequence of RNA is called: 

replication

transcription

translation

polymerase chain reaction

Assign each of the characteristics below to either DNA or RNA. 

Adenine

Single stranded

Cytosine

Guanine

Found only in the nucleus

Double stranded

Deoxyribose

Found in the nucleus and cytoplasm

Made up of nucleotides

Ribose

Uracil

Thymine

DNA

RNA

Both DNA & RNA

Which organism is most closely related to the whale?

Hippopotamus

Camel

Mouse

Pig

A mechanism for change in populations where an organism with a favorable trait survives, reproduces, and pass the favorable phenotype to the next generation. Organisms without the favorable phenotype are less likley to survive and reproduce.

Structural Selection

Natural Selection

Disruptive Selection

Directional Selection

Structural features with a common evolutionary origin

Converging structures

Analogous structures

Homologous structures

Bird, bat and butterfly wings are examples

 An organism’s scientific name consists of 

 its phylum name and its species name. 

 its class name and its family name. 

 its genus name and its species name. 

 its kingdom name and its phylum name.

 Which group of organisms includes only multicellular heterotrophs? 

 plants 

 protists 

 animals 

 bacteria 

virus

animal cell

bacteria

eukaryote

prokaryote

non-living

Which of these describes a difference between viruses and cells?

Viruses have flagella, and cells have only cilia.

Cells reproduce independently, and viruses require a host to reproduce.

Viruses have membranes made of proteins, and cells have membranes made of nucleic

Cells contain protein, and viruses contain only carbohydrates.

What does the term 'viral infection' mean?

The outer membrane derived from the host cell

The overall set of genetic material of a virus

The process by which a virus replicates its genetic material

Invasion and multiplication of a virus in a host organism

Bacteria are living organisms. 

True

False

Ticks feeding off deer and its nutrients is an example of which type of symbiosis?

mutualism

parasitism

commensalism

_______________ is all of the populations of different species that live in the same area and interact with one another.

community

population

ecosystem

biome

Which type of succession takes longer and why?

secondary succession because it doesn’t have soil

primary succession because it doesn’t have soil

primary succession because it starts with soil

secondary succession because it starts with soil

If a bird eats a mouse that eats grass, the bird is a(n)

secondary consumer.

primary consumer.

decomposer.

primary producer.

The largest population that an environment can support is called its

death rate.

birth rate.

carrying capacity.

limiting factor.