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History of Corrections

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Last updated about 17 hours ago
25 questions
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Question 1
1.

What is the psychological principle that describes a form of operant conditions in which an individual experiences an aversive consequence serve enough to discourage the repetition of a particular behavior in the future?

Question 2
2.

Which of the following does Not represent a distinct historical era in the evolution of the prison system?

Question 3
3.

Which governmental agency is primarily responsible for overseeing the execution of an offender's sentence?

Question 4
4.

Which of the following terms refers to the conditional release of an incarcerated individual prior to the completion of their sentence?

Question 5
5.

What does the term "Penology" refer to?

Question 6
6.

What was the first term historically used to refer to institutions designed for the confinement and punishment of an offender?

Question 7
7.

What is a "Penal code"?

Question 8
8.

What does the term "Corrections" encompass?

Question 9
9.

According to the theory of corrections, what is considered the primary purpose of punishment?

Question 10
10.

According to the first theory of corrections, what is considered more important than punishment?

Question 11
11.

How does the earliest established theory of corrections propose that punishment serves as a deterrent to criminal behavior?

Question 12
12.

What fundamental principles does the earliest theory of corrections propose that individuals rely on when weighing the decision to commit a crime?

Question 13
13.

According to various criminological theories, what underlying social. psychological, and economic factors contribute to an individual's decision to engage in criminal behavior?

Question 14
14.

What does the theory of atavism, as proposed in early criminology thought, suggests that certain criminals possess innate biological traits of ancestral human evolutionary stages?

Question 15
15.

In the context of crime and punishment theories, how does "Atavism" refer to in the context of certain individuals exhibiting primitive behavioral traits?

Question 16
16.

According to the theory of atavism, what is the nature of criminal behavior?

Question 17
17.

What defining characteristic of the Auburn System, introduced in 1817, distinguished it from other prison models of the time?

Question 18
18.

During the Reformatory Era (1870-1910), what were the primary objectives of the prison system?

Question 19
19.

During the Industrial Prison Era (1910-1935), what were the primary objectives of the correctional system?

Question 20
20.

What era of corrections emphasized cognitive rehabilitation by encouraging offenders to reflect on their future, develop prosocial decision-making skills?

Question 21
21.

What were the most significant reforms implemented in the corrections system following the Attica Riot of 1971?

Question 22
22.

Which era of corrections prioritized economic self-sufficiency by implementing structured inmate labor programs?

Question 23
23.

In the context of corrections, what is the overarching goal of deterrence?

Question 24
24.

In the field of corrections, what is the primary objective of incapacitation?

Question 25
25.

Which overarching goal of corrections is dedicated to transforming inmate attitudes and behaviors through structured rehabilitative programs?