Base your answer on the information below and on your knowledge of biology.
Biobag System
After decades of research, scientists have developed a biobag system with the potential to save extremely premature babies. They have successfully removed eight lamb fetuses from their mothers and placed them into biobags. Eventually, the fetuses developed into healthy sheep.
The biobag is a clear plastic bag filled with a solution of water containing various salts. A machine outside the bag is attached to the blood vessels in the lamb's umbilical cord. The lamb's umbilical cord brings in nutrients, and its heart pumps blood through an external oxygenator that removes carbon dioxide from the blood and adds oxygen.
The biobag models early development in the reproduction of mammals. In the future, this system may be able to be used with human premature babies. The biobag system could allow them to continue to develop for a longer period of time.
Two parts of the biobag system are the plastic bag and the external oxygenator. Select one of these parts, identify the structure in the reproductive system that the part of the biobag system you selected represents, and state the function of that part.
Plastic bag
External oxygenator
Question 15
15.
Which row in the chart below contains the correct sequence of events involved in the formation of a human embryo?
1
2
3
4
The axolotl, also known as the Mexican walking fish, can regenerate parts of its body, such as a leg or a tail.
The regeneration of these parts involves the process of
biotechnology
selective breeding
mitotic cell division
fertilization
Which two processes are directly required for a human zygote to be produced?
mitosis and fertilization
meiosis and fertilization
mitosis and differentiation
meiosis and differentiation
All the genetic information necessary for the growth and development in a sexually reproducing animal is present in
egg cells, only
sperm cells, only
either sperm cells or egg cells
zygotes
The human pancreas contains cells that secrete insulin. Only these cells produce insulin because
cells eliminate the parts of the genetic code they do not use
all other cells lack the genes for insulin production
different cells use different parts of the genetic information that they contain
they are the only cells associated with the digestion of sugar
Hammerhead sharks are unlike most other shark species. Nearly all shark species either lay eggs or give birth to live young after their eggs hatch internally. Hammerhead sharks form a placenta, a structure more commonly found in mammals, such as humans. One role of the placenta in the development of offspring is normally to
produce blood cells
provide milk
produce gametes
transfer nutrients
The process of meiotic division in human males is represented below
This process produces four sperm cells, each with
all of the genetic information contained in the diploid germ cell
one-quarter of the genetic information contained in the diploid germ cell
twice the genetic information found in the diploid germ cell
one-half of the genetic information found in the diploid germ cell
In an experiment using a particular frog species, nuclei were removed from the intestinal cells of tadpoles and transplanted into eggs whose nuclei had been removed. A small number of these eggs developed into normal frogs. This suggests that the nuclei of tadpole intestinal cells
can undergo meiosis and form gametes
contain all of the genetic information needed for frog development
will undergo mitosis and form a new zygote
fused with the frog genes already present in the zygotes
Models A and B below illustrate two different methods of reproduction.
Which statement best describes the offspring that result from these methods?
Both models A and B produce offspring that have fewer chromosomes than the parent cells.
Both models A and B result in offspring that have more chromosomes than the parent cells
Model A produces offspring with genetic information different from the parent. Model B produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parents
Model A produces offspring with identical genetic information to the parent cells. Model B produces offspring that are genetically different from the parent cells.
The diagram below represents the human female reproductive system.
Which correctly describes the normal function of two of the labeled structures?
eggs are produced in A, and the fetus develops in B
meiosis occurs in A, and development occurs in D
fertilization occurs in B, and the placenta forms in C
fertilization occurs in D, and the fetus develops in C
Which statement about the functioning of the human reproductive system is correct?
The zygote helps the mother provide milk to the fetus before it is born.
Testes produce unfertilized eggs and release them so that they can be fertilized by sperm.
Ovaries are where male gametes undergo meiosis to reduce their chromosome number.
The uterus is where the fetus develops internally until birth.
The graph below represents the interactions of two female reproductive hormones.
Based on the graph, which statement is correct regarding the interaction of the levels of estrogen and progesterone?
When the amounts of estrogen and progesterone are at the same level, an egg begins to develop in the ovary
When an egg is released from the ovary, the level of estrogen is higher than the level of progesterone.
The level of progesterone controls the cycle since it is always higher than the level of estrogen.
After an egg is released from the ovary, the level of estrogen keeps increasing, causing the level of progesterone to decrease.
Base your answer on the data table below and on your knowledge of biology.
The data table shows an effect of secondhand smoke (SHS) on newborn babies of nonsmoking women.
Based on this and other similar studies involving newborns, medical professionals recommend that pregnant women avoid secondhand smoke because chemicals in the smoke
cause mutations in the cells of the ovaries
affect the growth of the fetus
are unable to pass through the placenta
decrease digestion in the stomach of the fetus
Sheets of skin are grown in a culture in order to replace the skin of victims with severe burns or frostbite. Undamaged skin cells are obtained from the victim, put in a Petri dish with the proper growth materials, and incubated as represented in the diagram below.