Answer each question to the best of your ability. There is only one correct answer to each. Use the following charts to help you along your way. You may also use a calculator.
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Which of the following would have to lose two electrons in order to achieve a noble gas electron configuration?
O Sr Na Se Br
Br
Na
Sr
O, Se
Elements from opposite sides of the periodic table tend to form _______________
covalent compounds
ionic compounds
metallic bonds
they don't interact
What is the maximum number of double bonds that a hydrogen atom can form?
1
0
2
3
In the molecule below, which atom has the largest partial negative charge __________?
Cl
C
F
I
As you move to the right in the Periodic Table, electronegativity _______________, and as you go down the columns, it ________________.
increases, decreases
increases, increases
decreases, decreases
stays the same, increases
Which of the following has eight valence electrons?
Kr
Na+
All of the above
Cl-
The type of compound that is most likely to contain a covalent bond is __________.
one that is made up of a metal from the far left of the periodic table and a nonmetal from the far right of the periodic table
one that is made up of only nonmetals
held together by the electrostatic forces between oppositely charged ions
a solid metal
When the following equation is balanced, the coefficient of water is __________.
1
2
3
4
The balanced equation for the decomposition of sodium azide is __________.
2NaN3 (s) --> Na2 (s) + 3N2 (g)
NaN3 (s) --> Na (s) + N2 (g) + N (g)
2NaN3 (s) --> 2Na (s) + 3N2 (g)
2NaN3 (s) --> 2Na (s) + 2N2 (g)
How many moles of carbon dioxide are there in 52.06 g of carbon dioxide?
0.8452
6.022x1023
3.134x1025
1.183
The combustion of propane (C3H8) produces CO2 and H2O:
C3H8 (g) + 5O2 (g) --> 3CO2 (g) + 4H2O (g)
The reaction of 2.5 mol of O2 will produce __________ mol of H2O.
2.5
4.0
3.0
2.0
C6H6 + Br2 --> C6H5Br + HBr
Which of the following changes will cause an increase in the forward rate of the above endothermic reaction
decreasing the concentration of C6H6
increasing the concentration of Br2
increasing the concentration of HBr
decreasing the temperature
2CO + O2 --> 2CO2
If the above reaction takes place inside a sealed reaction chamber, then which of these procedures will cause a decrease in the rate of reaction?
raising the temperature of the reaction chamber
adding more CO to the reaction chamber
removing the CO2 as it is formed
increasing the volume inside the reaction chamber
A catalyst can speed up the rate of a given chemical reaction by
increasing the equilibrium constant in favor of the products
lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur
increasing the pressure of reactants, therefore favoring products
raising the temperature at which the reaction occurs
Which reaction diagram shows the effect of using the appropriate catalyst in a chemical reaction?
Which action will drive the reaction to the right?
increasing the system's pressure
adding water to the system
heating the equilibrium mixture
decreasing the oxygen concentration
In a sealed bottle that is half full of water, equilibrium will be reached when water molecules
are equal in number for both the liquid and the gas phase
begin to condense
stop evaporating
evaporate and condense at equal rates
When methane (CH4) gas is burned in the presence of oxygen, the following chemical reaction occurs.
CH4 + 2O2 --> CO2 + 2H2O
If 1 mole of methane reacts with 2 moles of oxygen, then
1.2 x 1023 molecules of CO2 and 6.02 x 1023 molecules of H2O are produced
1.2 x 1023 molecules of CO2 and 1.2 x 1023 molecules of H2O are produced
6.02 x 1023 molecules of CO2 and 6.02 x 1023 molecules of H2O are produced
6.02 x 1023 molecules of CO2 and 1.2 x 1023 molecules of H2O are produced
3X + 8Y --> X3Y8
X + 2Y --> XY2
3X + 6Y --> X3Y6
3X + 8Y --> 3XY2 + 2Y
In the chemical reaction shown below, all of the HCl and Zn will react to form H2 and ZnCl2
Which of the following statements describes the result of this reaction?
The hydrogen gas will have a mass of zero.
The zinc chloride will have have less mass than the zinc.
The mass of the products will equal the mass of the reactants.
The mass of the hydrogen atoms will decrease in the products.
Of four different laboratory solutions, the solution with the highest acidity has a pH of
11
7
5
3
A glass of cola was spilled on the carpet. Most colas are acidic with a pH usually between 2 and 4. Based on the pH shown above, which of the following substances could best be used to neutralize the spilled cola?
Pure Water
Baking soda
Cow's milk
Lemon juice
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a strong base. The dissociation of NaOH in an aqueous solution is given below
NaOH(aq) --> Na+ (aq) + OH- (aq)
According to the Arrhenius theory, why is sodium hydroxide a base?
NaOH is a hydroxide ion donor
NaOH is a proton acceptor
NaOH is a neutralizer
NaOH is an electron pair provider
Which of these is an example of an exothermic chemical process?
evaporation of water
combustion of gasoline
photosynthesis of glucose
melting ice
When a steel block at 100oC is placed on top of a copper block at 20oC, the thermal energy of the copper begins to increase. Which of the following is the source of this increase in energy?
heat flowing by means of radiation
heat flowing by means of convection
tiny little heat gnomes that carry energy backpacks back and forth
heat flowing by means of conduction
A container of cold water is dumped into a larger container of hot water. It is mixed and then left alone for a long time interval. The water temperature is found to
be greater at the bottom of the container.
fluctuate at all positions in the container
randomly very from region to region in the container
be uniform throughout the container
A popcorn kernel is up to 13% water. The drawing above shows a kernel of corn that is heated until it pops. Which of the following best explains what happens to the liquid water stored inside the kernel that leads to the popping process?
The liquid water is destroyed by the heat.
The liquid water is converted into heat
The liquid water undergoes a chemical change into hydrogen and oxygen gases.
The liquid water undergoes a physical change into steam.
Which of the following statements best describes the energy transformation that occurs when a log burns?
Mechanical energy changes to chemical energy
Chemical energy changes to heat and light energy
Mechanical energy changes to heat and light energy
Heat and light energy changes to chemical energy
The diagram shown represents a closed energy system. The system contains equal masses of air, copper, and water in a perfectly insulated container. The temperatures were taken at the time the materials were placed in the closed system.
How will the temperatures of the materials change over an extended period of time?
Warmer materials will get warmer and cooler materials will get cooler
The temperature of each material will remain constant
All of the materials will reach the same temperature
The temperature of each material will decrease
Water cools from 2oC to -2oC. During this time, what happens to the motion of the molecules?
The motion of the molecules stops.
The motion of the molecules increases
The motion of the molecules decreases
The motion of the molecules remains the same
Which of the following is an example of heat transfer by conduction?
sunlight heating a floor
a wood stove heating nearby objects through electromagnetic waves
an electric stove heating an iron pan
an electric heater heating air, which rises and is replaced with cooler air
Which of the following objects transfers its energy primarily by radiation?
Burning Candle
Ceiling Fan
Heat lamp
Electric Stovetop
Which of the following is the best example of heat transfer by convection?
From the lower water to the surface
From the Sun to Earth
From the iron to the shirt
From the griddle to the eggs
A student touches a metal sink with her finger and notices that her finger feels cold. Which of the following statements explains this observation?
Heat energy flows from the metal sink to the student's finger.
Heat energy flows from the students' finger to the metal sink.
The student's finger was orginally at a lower temperature than the sink.
The student's finger was originally at the same temperature as the sink.
Which of the following has the lowestaverage molecular kinetic energy?
nitrogen at 75oC
quartz at 25oC
steel at 50oC
water at 10oC
Which diagram represents the reaction diagram for an exothermic diagram?
When an exothermic reaction occurs in a water solution, the temperature of the solution
decreases because energy is given off by the reaction.
decreases because energy is absorbed by the reaction.
increases because energy is given off by the reaction.
increases because energy is absorbed by the reaction.
Which formula represents an ionic compound?
CO2
H2O
K2O
SO2
When ionic bonds are formed, metallic atoms tend to
lose electrons and become negative ions
lose electrons and become positive ions
gain electrons and become negative ions
gain electrons and become positive ions
A characteristic of ionic solids is that they
have high melting points
have low melting points
conduct electricity
are noncrystalline
Which substance is a good conductor of electricity in both the solids and liquid phases?
a network substance
a molecular substance
a metallic substance
an ionic substance
A chemist performs the same tests on two homogeneous white crystalline solids, A and B. The results are shown in the accompanying table.
The results of these test suggest that
solid A contains only covalent bonds and solid B contains only ionic bonds.
both solids contain only covalent bonds
solid A contains only ionic bonds and solid B contains only covalent bonds.
both solids contain only ionic bonds.
Which kind of energy is stored in a chemical bond?
kinetic energy
potential energy
ionization energy
activation energy
Given the reaction:
Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) --> ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)
Where solid zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce zinc chloride and hydrogen gas, the reaction occur more slowly when a single piece of solid zinc is used instead of the same mass of powdered zinc. Why is this the case?
The powdered zinc generates more heat energy
The powdered zinc has more surface are
The powdered zinc is more concentrated
The powdered zinc required less activation energy
Given the system at equilibrium:
At constant temperature and pressure, an increase in the concentration of A will cause
an increase in the concentration of B when equilibrium has been re-established
an decrease in the concentration of B when equilibrium has been re-established
an decrease in the concentration of D when equilibrium has been re-established
an decrease in the concentration of C when equilibrium has been re-established
The Haber reaction above is an exothermic process used to produce ammonia on a large scale. Which stress on the system at equilibrium favors the production of ammonia?
increasing concentration of ammonia
increasing the pressure on the system
decreasing the concentration of hydrogen gas
increasing the temperature of the system
Given the above reaction, what is the ratio of moles of H2 consumed to moles of NH3 produced?
2:3
3:2
6:6
1:2
Given the balanced equation:
NaOH + HCl --> NaCl + H2O
What is the total number of grams of H2O produced when 115 grams of the product, NaCl, is formed?
36 g
54 g
18 g
9.0 g
What is the total mass of oxygen in 1.00 mole of Al2(CrO4)3?
48.0 g
192 g
112 g
64.0 g
Which factor is a major cause of global warming?
decreased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
increased number of green plants
decreased mineral availability
increased burning of fossil fuels
Which process helps global warming?
industrialization
decay
burning
photosynthesis
An increase in which gas would cause the most greenhouse warming of Earth's atmosphere?