Answer each question to the best of your ability. There is only one correct answer to each. Use the following charts to help you along your way. You may also use a calculator.
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Question 2
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Corresponding Item
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Question 7
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Question 8
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As you move to the right in the Periodic Table, electronegativity __________ and as you go down the columns, it __________. Column __________ is not included in the trend for electronegativity because these elements don't usually form bonds.
Question 9
9.
When sodium (Na) forms an ion, it __________ an electron and has a __________ charge. It does this in order to achieve __________ valence electron(s) and form a(n) __________ bond.
Question 10
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Other Answer Choices:
decomposition
synthesis
1
single replacement
2
double replacement
0
combustion
3
Question 11
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Other Answer Choices:
decomposition
combustion
0
2
single replacement
synthesis
1
double replacement
3
Question 12
12.
In the following equations, use Le Chatelier's Principle to determine whether the reaction will shift right, left, or no shift.
N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g) + heat
StressShift .
add N2 __________
remove H2 __________
increase temperature __________
decrease pressure __________
add a catalyst __________
remove NH3 __________
Question 13
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Question 14
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Question 15
15.
Determine how the following actions will affect reaction rate by choosing the correct response.
a. Platinum is used in catalytic converters in cars to convert toxic gases to carbon dioxide and water. If much less platinum is used to make the catalytic converter, the conversion of the gases would__________
b. Magnesium metal is reacted with hot water in two beakers to produce magnesium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. Beaker 1 had a one-inch strip of magnesium and beaker 2 has a one-inch strip cut into tiny pieces. The rate of reaction in beaker 2 is __________ beaker 1.
c. An experiment is carried out at 40oC and 70oC. The experiment carried out at 70oC occurs faster. This is because __________
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An ionic solute is placed into a beaker with water as a solvent. What occurs when there is a strong attraction between the solute and the solvent?
the solute melts
the solute dissolves
the solute remains unchanged
the solute reacts to form a precipitate
In a lab, a student heats up some water to 100oC. She then adds potassium chloride salt crystals and stirs until no more will dissolve. The solution was covered and set aside. The next day, the student notices the solution has become a little cloudy and some solid is now on the bottom of the beaker. What is the reason this occurred?
As the solution cooled, water evaporated causing the concentration of KCl to become too high to remain in solution.
At lower temperatures, the salt is less soluble and some of it recrystallizes.
Water molecules trapped with the KCl were released after heating.
At increased temperatures, the amount of KCl that can dissolve in the water increased and remained too high after cooling.
Use the diagram to answer the following question.
How many bonds are made by each carbon atom in the molecule shown above?
one
three
four
two
Two elements in a molecule have the same electronegativity values. Which of the following most likely holds the elements together and why?
a polar covalent bond, because the elements do not share electrons equally
an ionic bond, because electrons transfer from one element to the other
an intermolecular force, because the elements do not form a chemical bond
a nonpolar covalent bond, because the elements share electrons equally
Categorize the following items as being either endothermic or exothermic.
photosynthesis
solution feels hot
Bonds Breaking
solution feels cold
condensation of water
Bond Formation
melting of water
combustion
Endothermic
Exothermic
Match the element to the correct number of valence electrons
Fr (Francium)
8
As (Arsenic)
2
I (Iodine)
5
Ca (Calcium)
1
C (Carbon)
6
Kr (Kypton)
4
S (Sulfur)
7
In the molecule below, which atom has the largest partial negative charge __________?
I
C
F
Cl
Balance the following equation, and identify its type.
Balance the equation below and identify its reaction type.
______ NaN3 --> ______ Na + ______ N2
The reaction type is: __________________
Select the correct way to calculate how many moles of carbon dioxide there are when you have 52.06 g of carbon dioxide (CO2), and choose the correct answer. (Choose 2 selections from below)
convert the given mass to moles by dividing by the molar mass
0.845 mol
2342 mol
1.18 mol
multiply the given mass by the molar mass to convert to moles
divide the molar mass by the given mass to convert to moles
The combustion of propane (C3H8) produces CO2 and H2O according to the following balanced reaction:
C3H8 (g) + 5O2 (g) --> 3CO2 (g) + 4H2O (g)
Given 2.5 mol propane (C3H8), how many moles of CO2 will be produced?
(2.5 mol C3H8) x (___________________________) = ________________
7.5 mol CO2
3 mol CO2 / 1 mol C3H8
1 mol C3H8 / 3 mol CO2
0.83 mol CO2
1 mol C3H8 / 32 g C3H8
32 g C3H8 / 1 mol C3H8
Which reaction diagram shows the effect of using the appropriate catalyst in a chemical reaction?
In a sealed bottle that is half full of water, equilibrium will be reached when water molecules
stop evaporating
begin to condense
evaporate and condense at equal rates
are equal in number for both the liquid and the gas phase
What is the correct equation for the following particulate level drawing of an equilibrium reaction?
3C2 + 3BA2 ⇌ 3B + 6AC
3C2 + 6B3A ⇌ 3B + 6AC
3C + 3AB ⇌ 3B + 6AC
6C + 3AB2 ⇌ 3B + 6AC
In the chemical reaction shown below, all of the HCl and Zn will react to form H2 and ZnCl2
Which of the following statements describes the result of this reaction?
The zinc chloride will have have less mass than the zinc.
The mass of the products will equal the mass of the reactants.
The mass of the hydrogen atoms will decrease in the products.
The hydrogen gas will have a mass of zero.
When a steel block at 100oC is placed on top of a copper block at 20oC, the thermal energy of the copper begins to increase. Which of the following is the source of this increase in energy?
heat flowing by means of convection
heat flowing by means of conduction
heat flowing by means of radiation
tiny little heat gnomes that carry energy backpacks back and forth
A popcorn kernel is up to 13% water. The drawing above shows a kernel of corn that is heated until it pops. Which of the following best explains what happens to the liquid water stored inside the kernel that leads to the popping process?
The liquid water is converted into heat
The liquid water undergoes a chemical change into hydrogen and oxygen gases.
The liquid water undergoes a physical change into steam.
The liquid water is destroyed by the heat.
The diagram shown represents a closed energy system. The system contains equal masses of air, copper, and water in a perfectly insulated container. The temperatures were taken at the time the materials were placed in the closed system.
How will the temperatures of the materials change over an extended period of time?
All of the materials will reach the same temperature
The temperature of each material will decrease
The temperature of each material will remain constant
Warmer materials will get warmer and cooler materials will get cooler
Select which type of bond is being formed in the following substances.
Ionic
Covalent
AlCl3
Iron (II) Oxide
NO2
H2SO4
CaCO3
C2H5OH
Correctly answer the questions about the heating curve below. There are 5 columns to categorize. You need to scroll over to see them all.
AB
BC
CD
DE
EF
Boiling point
Gas
Solid
Liquid
mixture of solid and liquid
1500 oC
2500 oC
Which of the following is the best example of heat transfer by convection?
From the iron to the shirt
From the bottom of the water in the beaker to the surface
From the griddle to the eggs
From the Sun to Earth
Which of the following has the lowestaverage kinetic energy?
water at 10oC
steel at 50oC
quartz at 25oC
nitrogen at 75oC
According the the kinetic molecular theory of gases, the particles of a gas have
little attractions for each other and a significant volume
strong attractions for each other and a significant volume
strong attractions for each other and an insignificant volume
little attractions for each other and an insignificant volume
A 0.500-mole sample of a gas has a volume of 11.2 liters at 273 K. What is the pressure of the gas? (use ideal gas law with R = 0.0821 L*atm/mol*K)
1 atm
11.2 atm
273 atm
0.5 atm
A gas has a pressure of 300 torr, a temperature of 400 K, and a volume of 50.0 milliliters. What volume will the gas have at a pressure of 150 torr and a temperature of 200 K?
200 mL
50.0 mL
100 mL
12.5 mL
A gas at STP (standard pressure and temperature) has a volume of 1.0 liter. If the pressure is doubled and the temperature remains constant, the new volume of the gas will be
0.50 L
0.25 L
2.0 L
4.0 L
Which substance is a good conductor of electricity in both the solid and liquid phases?
a network covalent substance
a metallic substance
a molecular substance
an ionic substance
A chemist performs the same tests on two homogeneous white crystalline solids, A and B. The results are shown in the accompanying table.
The results of these test suggest that
solid A contains only ionic bonds and solid B contains only covalent bonds.
both solids contain only covalent bonds
solid A contains only covalent bonds and solid B contains only ionic bonds.
both solids contain only ionic bonds.
Which kind of energy is stored in a chemical bond?
kinetic energy
potential energy
ionization energy
activation energy
Given the reaction:
Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) --> ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)
Where solid zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce zinc chloride and hydrogen gas, the reaction occurs more slowly when a single piece of solid zinc is used instead of the same mass of powdered zinc. Why is this the case?
The powdered zinc generates more heat energy
The powdered zinc is more concentrated
The powdered zinc required less activation energy
The powdered zinc has more surface area
Given the above reaction, what is the ratio of moles of H2 consumed to moles of NH3 produced?
2:3
3:2
1:2
6:6
Given the balanced equation:
NaOH + HCl --> NaCl + H2O
What is the total number of grams of H2O produced when 115 grams of the product, NaCl, is formed? Make sure to show your set up in order to get full credit.
9.0 g
18 g
36 g
54 g
What is the total mass of oxygen in 1.00 mole of Al2(CrO4)3?
112 g
64.0 g
192 g
48.0 g
Which factor is a major cause of global warming?
decreased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
decreased mineral availability
increased burning of fossil fuels
increased number of green plants
An increase in which gas would cause the most greenhouse warming of Earth's atmosphere?
oxygen
carbon dioxide
hydrogen
nitrogen
Global Warming has been linked to a decrease in the
temperature of the Earth
rate of species extinction
rate of carbon dioxide production
size of the polar ice caps
The specific heat of wood is about 1,700 J/kgoC. How much energy is required in joules to heat a 12 kg piece of wood from 20oC to 30oC?
204,000 J
612,000 J
17,000 J
1,400 J
If a 500.0-g block of metal absorbs 5,016 J of heat when its temperature changes from 20.00oC to 45.00oC, what is its specific heat?
2.49 J/g oC
1.00 J/g oC
4.18 J/g oC
0.401 J/g oC
Place the four substances in order from most acidic (top) to most basic (bottom).
Stomach Acid, pH 1
Baking soda, pH 8
Lye soap, pH 11
Vinegar, pH 4
The image below shows ammonia, NH3 gas being dissolved in water. How can the equilibrium between NH3 (aq)⇌ NH3 (g)be reached?