LR257.0.1: Introduction to Formative

There are two general types of energy: kinetic and potential energy. All moving objects have kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is energy due to motion.

The amount of kinetic energy that an object has is dependent on two factors: the object’s speed and mass. The more speed an object has, the greater its kinetic energy is. The more mass an object has, the greater its kinetic energy is. Kinetic energy also decreases when an object’s speed or mass decreases.

For example, a sailboat has more speed and mass than a swimmer does. The sailboat has more kinetic energy than the swimmer. On the other hand, a speedboat has more kinetic energy than a sailboat because it has a much greater speed.

Knowing the velocity and mass of an object is essential in calculating the object’s kinetic energy. The following equation is used to calculate kinetic energy:

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What is kinetic energy?

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Speed and __________ affect kinetic energy.

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Miki rolled a ball of snow down a hill. The ball grew bigger and collected more snow as it approached the bottom of the hill. Its kinetic energy __________. When it reached the bottom, it slowed down. Its kinetic energy __________.

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The two things needed to calculate kinetic energy are velocity and __________.

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A tennis ball weighs 2 kg and is traveling at 10 meters per second. What is the tennis ball’s kinetic energy?
Hint: KE =1/2 × m × v2

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Calculate the kinetic energy of a bike that has a mass of 20 kg and is traveling at 5 meters per second.
(Hint: KE = 1/2 × m × v2)

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Select the object with the smallest amount of kinetic energy.

1. Kinetic energy is energy due to motion.

2. Kinetic energy is affected by speed and mass.
•Kinetic energy increases as speed increases.
•Kinetic energy increases as mass increases.

3. Kinetic energy can be calculated by using an equation:
KE =/12 × m × v2

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An object that is not moving still has energy?

Another general type of energy is potential energy. Potential energy is the energy an object has due to its position, condition, or chemical composition. There are many forms of potential energy that store energy in different ways. In fact, all matter has potential energy of some kind. When lifting a yo-yo, for example, some energy is transferred to the yo-yo. The energy that is transferred to the yo-yo is stored and can be used later if the yo-yo is released.

Objects often have both potential and kinetic energy. Everything has some potential energy, but not everything has kinetic energy. Click the buttons to explore how an object can have both potential and kinetic energy.
When the cars move up the rollercoaster, their height increases, and their speed decreases. The decrease in kinetic energy is equal to the increase in potential energy.

At the top of the rollercoaster, the cars have potential energy because gravity can pull them downward.

As the cars move towards the ground, the decrease in their potential energy is equal to the increase in their kinetic energy. Their kinetic energy increases because their speed increases. Their potential energy decreases because their distance from the ground decreases.

At the bottom of the rollercoaster, the cars kinetic energy is high because they are going the fastest. Their potential energy is low because they are closer to the ground than at any other point on the rollercoaster.

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Which of the following properties of an object could affect its potential energy?

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A dog running in a park _________________________________ 
A ball held above ground __________________________ 
A bird sitting on a tree top __________________________  
An airplane flying in the air _________________________________ 

Click on the object that would have the MOST gravitational potential energy.

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Elle and Ezra have the same mass of 75 kilograms. Elle is skating at the top of a ramp. The ramp she is on is 2 meters high. Ezra is skating on top of another ramp, which is 3 meters high. Which skater has more gravitational potential energy?

Another form of potential energy is elastic potential energy, which is energy that is stored when materials stretch or compress. Rubber bands and springs are examples of objects that have elastic potential energy.

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Elastic Energy: __________

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Click on the pictures that are an example of elastic energy.

Potential energy is the energy an object has due to its position, condition, or chemical composition.

Objects can have both potential energy and kinetic energy.

Gravitational potential energy is potential energy that is related to an object’s height.

gravitational potential energy = mgh

Elastic potential energy is a type of potential energy that is stored when materials stretch or compress.

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What is kinetic energy?

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What is potential energy?

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What is gravitational potential energy?

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What is elastic potential energy?

1. There are two general types of energy that an object can have: kinetic energy and potential energy.

2. Kinetic energy is energy that is in motion.

3. Kinetic energy is directly affected by speed and mass.
• Kinetic energy increases as speed increases.
• Kinetic energy increases as mass increases.
• Kinetic energy= 1/2 x m x v2

4. Potential energy is the energy an object has due to its position, condition, or chemical composition. It is stored energy.

5. One type of potential energy is gravitational potential energy, which is related to an object’s height.
• gravitational potential energy = mgh

6. Another type of potential energy is elastic potential energy, which is stored when materials are stretched or compressed.

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Which examples are only potential energy?

a water tower
a rolling bowling ball
water moving in an ocean
a baseball held above ground

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Which of the following correctly describe how the kinetic energy of an object is affected?

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Maya's cat climbed a tree. Maya wants to calculate the gravitational potential energy of her cat. Which one of these equations will help her? (which equation calculates gravitational potential energy?)

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Aaliyah is a gymnast. To get onto the balance beam, she must jump off of a springboard. The contraction of the springs in the board stores__________

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Mark plays basketball. When he dribbles the ball, the ball’s movement is an example of . When he holds the ball in his hands, the ball has only .

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How do mass and speed affect the kinetic energy of an object?
Check all that are true.

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Calvin rolls a bowling ball that weighs 3 kilograms, travels 5 meters, and moves at a speed of 10 meters per second. How much kinetic energy does the bowling ball have? Hint: kinetic energy = 1⁄2 × m × v2

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Which factors are needed to calculate the gravitational potential energy of an object?
Check all that are true.

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LR257.0.1: Introduction to Formative

What is kinetic energy?

A tennis ball weighs 2 kg and is traveling at 10 meters per second. What is the tennis ball’s kinetic energy? Hint: KE =1/2 × m × v2

Calculate the kinetic energy of a bike that has a mass of 20 kg and is traveling at 5 meters per second.(Hint: KE = 1/2 × m × v2)

Select the object with the smallest amount of kinetic energy.

An object that is not moving still has energy?

Which of the following properties of an object could affect its potential energy?

Click on the object that would have the MOST gravitational potential energy.

Elle and Ezra have the same mass of 75 kilograms. Elle is skating at the top of a ramp. The ramp she is on is 2 meters high. Ezra is skating on top of another ramp, which is 3 meters high. Which skater has more gravitational potential energy?

Click on the pictures that are an example of elastic energy.

What is kinetic energy?

What is potential energy?

What is gravitational potential energy?

What is elastic potential energy?

Which examples are only potential energy?

Which of the following correctly describe how the kinetic energy of an object is affected?

Maya's cat climbed a tree. Maya wants to calculate the gravitational potential energy of her cat. Which one of these equations will help her? (which equation calculates gravitational potential energy?)

Mark plays basketball. When he dribbles the ball, the ball’s movement is an example of __________. When he holds the ball in his hands, the ball has only __________.

How do mass and speed affect the kinetic energy of an object?Check all that are true.

Calvin rolls a bowling ball that weighs 3 kilograms, travels 5 meters, and moves at a speed of 10 meters per second. How much kinetic energy does the bowling ball have? Hint: kinetic energy = 1⁄2 × m × v2

Which factors are needed to calculate the gravitational potential energy of an object?Check all that are true.

Which of the following are true?Check all that are true.

What is kinetic energy?

A tennis ball weighs 2 kg and is traveling at 10 meters per second. What is the tennis ball’s kinetic energy? Hint: KE =1/2 × m × v2

Calculate the kinetic energy of a bike that has a mass of 20 kg and is traveling at 5 meters per second.(Hint: KE = 1/2 × m × v2)

Select the object with the smallest amount of kinetic energy.

An object that is not moving still has energy?

Which of the following properties of an object could affect its potential energy?

Click on the object that would have the MOST gravitational potential energy.

Elle and Ezra have the same mass of 75 kilograms. Elle is skating at the top of a ramp. The ramp she is on is 2 meters high. Ezra is skating on top of another ramp, which is 3 meters high. Which skater has more gravitational potential energy?

Click on the pictures that are an example of elastic energy.

What is kinetic energy?

What is potential energy?

What is gravitational potential energy?

What is elastic potential energy?

Which examples are only potential energy?

Which of the following correctly describe how the kinetic energy of an object is affected?

Maya's cat climbed a tree. Maya wants to calculate the gravitational potential energy of her cat. Which one of these equations will help her? (which equation calculates gravitational potential energy?)

Mark plays basketball. When he dribbles the ball, the ball’s movement is an example of __________. When he holds the ball in his hands, the ball has only __________.

How do mass and speed affect the kinetic energy of an object?Check all that are true.

Calvin rolls a bowling ball that weighs 3 kilograms, travels 5 meters, and moves at a speed of 10 meters per second. How much kinetic energy does the bowling ball have? Hint: kinetic energy = 1⁄2 × m × v2

Which factors are needed to calculate the gravitational potential energy of an object?Check all that are true.

Which of the following are true?Check all that are true.

A tennis ball weighs 2 kg and is traveling at 10 meters per second. What is the tennis ball’s kinetic energy?
Hint: KE =1/2 × m × v2

Calculate the kinetic energy of a bike that has a mass of 20 kg and is traveling at 5 meters per second.
(Hint: KE = 1/2 × m × v2)

Mark plays basketball. When he dribbles the ball, the ball’s movement is an example of . When he holds the ball in his hands, the ball has only .

How do mass and speed affect the kinetic energy of an object?
Check all that are true.

Which factors are needed to calculate the gravitational potential energy of an object?
Check all that are true.

Which of the following are true?
Check all that are true.

A tennis ball weighs 2 kg and is traveling at 10 meters per second. What is the tennis ball’s kinetic energy?
Hint: KE =1/2 × m × v2

Calculate the kinetic energy of a bike that has a mass of 20 kg and is traveling at 5 meters per second.
(Hint: KE = 1/2 × m × v2)

Mark plays basketball. When he dribbles the ball, the ball’s movement is an example of . When he holds the ball in his hands, the ball has only .

How do mass and speed affect the kinetic energy of an object?
Check all that are true.

Which factors are needed to calculate the gravitational potential energy of an object?
Check all that are true.

Which of the following are true?
Check all that are true.