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Lesson 2.8 CP /Lesson 2.9 ENH Second Law of Thermodynamics

Last updated about 1 year ago

23 Nsɛmmisa

Hyɛ no nsow a efi ɔkyerɛwfo no hɔ:

We all know that heat flows from hot things to cold things. The second law of thermodynamics is the scientific principle that

Akwankyerɛ

We all know that heat flows from hot things to cold things. The second law of thermodynamics is the scientific principle that

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23.

Describe at least one experiment that you set up with the simulator. What were the results that you got? How did it help you understand heat transfer at the particle level? What changed your thinking about the process?

Question 1

00:25

Question 2

02:18

Question 3

02:38

Question 4

03:07

Question 5

03:31

Question 6

04:04

Question 7

05:19

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1

1

1

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15.

When heat flows from a hot object to a cold object, the entropy of the system goes

up

stays the same

down

1

1

1

1

1

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20.

Mmuae Afoforo a Wobɛpaw:

up

down

energy

entropy

1

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21.

How does the collision of milk particles with coffee particles relate to the phenomenon that adding cold milk to hot coffee results in a mixture whose temperature is in between the original temperature of the milk and the coffee.

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22.

When you mix the hot water molecules and the cold water molecules, which statements are true about the water molecules at the end of the simulation?

The entropy of the system decreased because some water molecules are moving fast and some water molecules are moving slow.

The entropy of the system did not change.

The speed of the water molecules is about the same.

The cold water molecules slowed down.

The hot water molecules slowed down.

The entropy of the system increased because all the molecules are moving at about the same speed.

Now you know how to run the simulation. To get out of the tutorial, click on learning outcomes and then experiment. It should look like the picture below.

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Now click on run experiment and you will be to the part of the simulation where you can choose to combine either liquids or solids, their masses and their temperatures. Run some experiments putting hot solids into cold water and watch the graph view and the microscopic view. This simulation is really helpful for understanding what is happening at the particles level and will be very helpful when you are trying to explain your results for your project.

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8.

For heat to flow which conditions must be present?

There has to be a thermal conducting path between the systems.

The systems must be closed systems.

The systems have to be the same temperature.

The systems must be open systems.

The systems have to be different temperatures.

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9.

Two systems are in thermal equilibrium when

the heat has stopped flowing

the temperature is the same for the two systems.

when one system is hotter than the other

the same amount of heat flows into each system as flows out

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10.

Why is heat considered a less useful form of energy compared to mechanical or electrical energy?

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11.

The efficiency of an engine is determined by

the amount of energy transformed into kinetic energy by the engine

the total amount of energy needed to run the engine

the amount of energy transformed into heat by the engine

the amount of energy transformed into potential energy by the engine

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12.

In an open system, the second Law of Thermodynamics says that

Heat will flow from the system to the surroundings when the system is warmer than the surroundings.

Heat will flow from the system to the surroundings when the surroundings is warmer than the system.

Everything inside the system will eventually be the same temperature.

The system and the surroundings will eventually be the same temperature.

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13.

In an closed system, the second Law of Thermodynamics says that

Heat will flow from the system to the surroundings when the system is warmer than the surroundings.

Heat will flow from the system to the surroundings when the surroundings is warmer than the system.

Everything inside the system will eventually be the same temperature.

The system and the surroundings will eventually be the same temperature.

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14.

In an isolated system, the second Law of Thermodynamics says that

Heat will flow from the system to the surroundings when the surroundings is warmer than the system.

Heat will flow from the system to the surroundings when the system is warmer than the surroundings.

The system and the surroundings will eventually be the same temperature.

Everything inside the system will eventually be the same temperature.

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16.

Mmuae Afoforo a Wobɛpaw:

energy

entropy

colder

hotter

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17.

Why will there never be a machine that is 100% efficient according to the second law?

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18.

Mmuae Afoforo a Wobɛpaw:

second

entropy

energy

first

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19.

What does the desire for useful forms of energy mean in practical terms?