Body Chemistry assignment - Mark Bate | Library

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What is the charge of a proton in an atom?

Positive

Negative

Neutral

No charge

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Where are neutrons located in an atom?

Electron cloud

Nucleus

Orbiting nucleus

Outside nucleus

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Which subatomic particle defines the atomic number?

Nucleus

Electron

Proton

Neutron

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What is the mass of an electron compared to a proton?

Equal

Very small

Larger

Same as neutron

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How can you tell a compound from a molecule?

All compounds are solids, molecules are liquids.

Molecules can only be gases, compounds can't.

Compounds consist of different elements; molecules don't.

Compounds have more atoms than molecules.

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What is true about all compounds?

They are always found in solid form.

They always consist of two or more different elements.

They consist of only one type of element.

They cannot be broken down by chemical means.

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What type of bond results from electron sharing between atoms?

Molecular bond

Covalent bond

Ionic bond

Hydrogen bond

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Which bond involves the transfer of electrons?

Hydrogen bond

Ionic bond

Polar bond

Covalent bond

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Hydrogen bonds are formed between molecules due to:

Shared electrons

Polar attraction.

Equal charge distribution

Shared protons

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Which bond has the weakest interaction strength?

Covalent bond

Hydrogen bond

Ionic bond

Metallic bond

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Which bond is common in water molecules?

Metallic bond

Covalent bond

Ionic bond

Hydrogen bond

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Covalent bonds typically occur between which types of elements?

Metals and nonmetals

Nonmetals

Metals only

Noble gases

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What is one characteristic of ionic bonds?

Conduct electricity in solids

High melting and boiling points.

Low melting points

Non-polar nature

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Which bonds are usually strong and require large amounts of energy to break?

Metallic bonds

Ionic bonds

Covalent bonds

Hydrogen bonds

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Which ion carries a positive charge?

Neutral Ion

Anion

Cation

Electron

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Which of the following is a negatively charged ion?

Neutral Atom

Proton

Anion

Cation

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Why are ions important in bodily fluids?

Regulate nerve and muscle function

Make fluids alkaline

Increase blood viscosity

Remove toxins from blood

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What is a common example of a cation in the human body?

Chloride (Cl-)

Oxygen (O2)

Sodium (Na+)

Carbonate (CO3-)

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What role do electrolytes play in the human body?

Protein synthesis

Oxygen transport only

Fat metabolism

Help maintain fluid balance and nerve function

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What role does water play as a universal solvent in the body?

Dissolves substances for chemical reactions.

Increases body temperature.

Keeps the body hydrated.

Forms new substances.

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How does water transport nutrients in the body?

Carries nutrients through blood and fluids.

Evaporates nutrients fast.

Breaks down nutrients chemically.

Absorbs nutrients directly.

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What is the primary lubricant function of water in joints?

Increases pressure in joints.

Attracts more calcium to joints.

Makes joints stiff and rigid.

Reduces friction in joints and tissues.

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How does water contribute to heat capacity in the body?

Cools the body without heat loss.

Regulates temperature by absorbing heat.

Heats the body through evaporation.

Releases heat to outside environment.

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In which process does water participate to break down molecules?

Sublimation of solids.

Dehydration synthesis only.

Hydrolysis reactions in cells.

Evaporation of substances.

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What is a function of water in chemical reactions?

Acts as a catalyst alone.

Participates in hydrolysis and dehydration synthesis.

Creates energy from reactions.

Stops reactions from occurring.

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Why is water essential for nutrient transport?

Only stores them for later use.

Facilitates movement of substances in blood.

Prevents nutrients from breaking down.

Is not important for nutrient movement.

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Which property allows water to reduce joint friction?

Acts as a lubricant in synovial fluid.

Increases joint flexibility.

Provides energy to muscles.

Creates a barrier in joints.

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Which compound is an example of an inorganic compound?

Water (H₂O)

DNA

Starch

Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)

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What type of bond is most common in inorganic compounds?

Metallic bonds

Ionic bonds

Covalent bonds

Hydrogen bonds

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Which element is primarily found in organic compounds?

Hydrogen

Carbon

Nitrogen

Oxygen

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What is a main role of proteins in the body?

Provide quick energy

Build and repair tissues

Transport oxygen

Store genetic information

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Which macromolecule serves as the primary energy source?

Carbohydrates

Proteins

Nucleic acids

Lipids

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What is a key characteristic of lipids?

Contain carbon and oxygen

Hydrophobic nature

Form ionic bonds

Water-soluble

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Which of the following is NOT a carbohydrate?

Starch

Glucose

DNA

Cellulose

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What is the pH range for a neutral solution?

8-10

0-6

7

1-14

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Which pH value indicates acidity?

Below 7

Between 7 and 10

Exactly 7

Above 7

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What pH range is considered normal for blood?

7.0 to 7.5

7.5 to 8.0

6.5 to 7.0

7.35 to 7.45

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What occurs when ATP loses a phosphate group?

It converts to ADP and releases energy.

It transforms into glucose and stores energy.

It becomes AMP and gains energy.

It forms a protein and releases waste.

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Why is ATP considered the energy currency of the cell?

It absorbs energy from sunlight directly.

It carries genetic information to the nucleus.

It provides energy for cellular processes.

It helps in protein synthesis only.

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Which reaction describes ATP releasing energy?

ATP → ADP + P + Energy released.

Energy + ADP → ATP + P formed.

ATP + Energy → ADP + P produced.

ADP + P → ATP + Energy lost.