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ELA 09.19.24 - Skill and Test: Plot Elements

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15 questions
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Skill: Story Elements
Plot Elements Test
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Select the best possible answers.
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Be sure to answer each question on this page as a CLAIM using the following rubric:

**CER Response Rubric** Claim (3 pt)
  • The Claim answers the question.(1pt)
  • The Claim uses important words from the question (including the subject). (1pt)
  • The Claim is a complete sentence (with a capital letter at the beginning and a period at the end). (1pt)
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Question 11
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Question 14
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Question 15
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Excerpt from Book I: The Shimerdas

Chapter VII

Much as I liked Ántonia, I hated a superior tone that she sometimes took with me. She was four years older than I, to be sure, and had seen more of the world; but I was a boy and she was a girl, and I resented her protecting manner. Before the autumn was over, she began to treat me more like an equal and to defer to me in other things than reading lessons. This change came about from an adventure we had together. One day when I rode over to the Shimerdas' I found Ántonia starting off on foot for Russian Peter's house, to borrow a spade Ambrosch needed. I offered to take her on the pony, and she got up behind me. There had been another black frost the night before, and the air was clear and heady as wine. Within a week all the blooming roads had been despoiled, hundreds of miles of yellow sunflowers had been transformed into brown, rattling, burry stalks. We found Russian Peter digging his potatoes. We were glad to go in and get warm by his kitchen stove and to see his squashes and Christmas melons, heaped in the storeroom for winter. As we rode away with the spade, Ántonia suggested that we stop at the prairie-dog-town and dig into one of the holes. We could find out whether they ran straight down, or were horizontal, like mole-holes; whether they had underground connections; whether the owls had nests down there, lined with feathers. We might get some puppies, or owl eggs, or snakeskins. The dog-town was spread out over perhaps ten acres. The grass had been nibbled short and even, so this stretch was not shaggy and red like the surrounding country, but grey and velvety. The holes were several yards apart, and were disposed with a good deal of regularity, almost as if the town had been laid out in streets and avenues. One always felt that an orderly and very sociable kind of life was going on there. I picketed Dude down in a draw, and we went wandering about, looking for a hole that would be easy to dig. The dogs were out, as usual, dozens of them, sitting up on their hind legs over the doors of their houses. As we approached, they barked, shook their tails at us, and scurried underground. Before the mouths of the holes were little patches of sand and gravel, scratched up, we supposed, from a long way below the surface. Here and there, in the town, we came on larger gravel patches, several yards away from any hole. If the dogs had scratched the sand up in excavating, how had they carried it so far? It was on one of these gravel beds that I met my adventure. We were examining a big hole with two entrances. The burrow sloped into the ground at a gentle angle, so that we could see where the two corridors united, and the floor was dusty from use, like a little highway over which much travel went. I was walking backward, in a crouching position, when I heard Ántonia scream. She was standing opposite me, pointing behind me and shouting something in Bohemian. I whirled round, and there, on one of those dry gravel beds, was the biggest snake I had ever seen. He was sunning himself, after the cold night, and he must have been asleep when Ántonia screamed. When I turned, he was lying in long loose waves, like a letter 'W.' He twitched and began to coil slowly. He was not merely a big snake, I thought—he was a circus monstrosity. His abominable muscularity, his loathsome, fluid motion, somehow made me sick. He was as thick as my leg, and looked as if millstones couldn't crush the disgusting vitality out of him. He lifted his hideous little head, and rattled. I didn't run because I didn't think of it—if my back had been against a stone wall I couldn't have felt more cornered. I saw his coils tighten—now he would spring, spring his length, I remembered. I ran up and drove at his head with my spade, struck him fairly across the neck, and in a minute he was all about my feet in wavy loops. I struck now from hate. Ántonia, barefooted as she was, ran up behind me. Even after I had pounded his ugly head flat, his body kept on coiling and winding, doubling and falling back on itself. I walked away and turned my back. I felt seasick. Ántonia came after me, crying, 'O Jimmy, he not bite you? You sure? Why you not run when I say?' 'What did you jabber Bohunk for? You might have told me there was a snake behind me!' I said petulantly. 'I know I am just awful, Jim, I was so scared.' She took my handkerchief from my pocket and tried to wipe my face with it, but I snatched it away from her. I suppose I looked as sick as I felt. 'I never know you was so brave, Jim,' she went on comfortingly. 'You is just like big mans; you wait for him lift his head and then you go for him. Ain't you feel scared a bit? Now we take that snake home and show everybody. Nobody ain't seen in this kawntree so big snake like you kill.' She went on in this strain until I began to think that I had longed for this opportunity, and had hailed it with joy. Cautiously we went back to the snake; he was still groping with his tail, turning up his ugly belly in the light. A faint, fetid smell came from him, and a thread of green liquid oozed from his crushed head. 'Look, Tony, that's his poison,' I said. I took a long piece of string from my pocket, and she lifted his head with the spade while I tied a noose around it. We pulled him out straight and measured him by my riding-quirt; he was about five and a half feet long. He had twelve rattles, but they were broken off before they began to taper, so I insisted that he must once have had twenty-four. I explained to Ántonia how this meant that he was twenty-four years old, that he must have been there when white men first came, left on from buffalo and Indian times. As I turned him over, I began to feel proud of him, to have a kind of respect for his age and size. He seemed like the ancient, eldest Evil. Certainly his kind have left horrible unconscious memories in all warm-blooded life. When we dragged him down into the draw, Dude sprang off to the end of his tether and shivered all over— wouldn't let us come near him. We decided that Ántonia should ride Dude home, and I would walk. As she rode along slowly, her bare legs swinging against the pony's sides, she kept shouting back to me about how astonished everybody would be. I followed with the spade over my shoulder, dragging my snake. Her exultation was contagious. The great land had never looked to me so big and free. If the red grass were full of rattlers, I was equal to them all. Nevertheless, I stole furtive glances behind me now and then to see that no avenging mate, older and bigger than my quarry, was racing up from the rear. The sun had set when we reached our garden and went down the draw toward the house. Otto Fuchs was the first one we met. He was sitting on the edge of the cattle-pond, having a quiet pipe before supper. Ántonia called him to come quick and look. He did not say anything for a minute, but scratched his head and turned the snake over with his boot. 'Where did you run onto that beauty, Jim?' 'Up at the dog-town,' I answered laconically. 'Kill him yourself? How come you to have a weepon?' 'We'd been up to Russian Peter's, to borrow a spade for Ambrosch.' Otto shook the ashes out of his pipe and squatted down to count the rattles. 'It was just luck you had a tool,' he said cautiously. 'Gosh! I wouldn't want to do any business with that fellow myself, unless I had a fence-post along. Your grandmother's snake-cane wouldn't more than tickle him. He could stand right up and talk to you, he could. Did he fight hard?' Ántonia broke in: 'He fight something awful! He is all over Jimmy's boots. I scream for him to run, but he just hit and hit that snake like he was crazy.' Otto winked at me. After Ántonia rode on he said: 'Got him in the head first crack, didn't you? That was just as well.' We hung him up to the windmill, and when I went down to the kitchen, I found Ántonia standing in the middle of the floor, telling the story with a great deal of color. Subsequent experiences with rattlesnakes taught me that my first encounter was fortunate in circumstance. My big rattler was old, and had led too easy a life; there was not much fight in him. He had probably lived there for years, with a fat prairie-dog for breakfast whenever he felt like it, a sheltered home, even an owl-feather bed, perhaps, and he had forgot that the world doesn't owe rattlers a living. A snake of his size, in fighting trim, would be more than any boy could handle. So in reality it was a mock adventure; the game was fixed for me by chance, as it probably was for many a dragon-slayer. I had been adequately armed by Russian Peter; the snake was old and lazy; and I had Ántonia beside me, to appreciate and admire. That snake hung on our corral fence for several days; some of the neighbors came to see it and agreed that it was the biggest rattler ever killed in those parts. This was enough for Ántonia. She liked me better from that time on, and she never took a supercilious air with me again. I had killed a big snake—I was now a big fellow.
Question 1
1.

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Identification and Application:
  • Distinguish among setting, characters, and plot.
  • Jot down a couple of notes to summarize each: where and when the action takes place, who the key characters are, and what main events take place. What is the story’s main conflict, or problem?
  • Analyze individual scenes, traits of characters, or descriptions of setting to understand the full story. How do the characters respond or change as the plot moves toward a resolution of the conflict?
  • Analyze how particular story elements interact (e.g., how setting shapes the characters or plot). For example, consider how a character’s attitude or circumstance creates a problem in the story, or how details of the setting make his or her situation dangerous or amusing.
  • Relate setting, character, and plot to the theme, or central idea, of the text. How do one or more of these individual elements deepen a reader’s understanding of this theme and of the whole text?
Model: From this excerpt, taken from the classic American novel My Ántonia, by Willa Cather, readers may quickly determine that the characters live on farms in the rural United States during an earlier time in our nation’s history. We can gather this information from paragraphs 2 and 3, where Jim and Ántonia set out to borrow a spade from “Russian Peter,” whom they find “digging his potatoes.” Readers may glean further clues from the introduction to the excerpt. The story is likely set during the late 1800s in Nebraska at a time when European immigrants were helping to settle the American frontier. These historical conditions help to shape the characters’ thoughts, feelings, actions and reactions, and also drive the plot in this excerpt. Ántonia, the main character, is a few years older than her friend Jim, a native-born American, and she has emigrated with her family from Bohemia (now the Czech Republic). In this excerpt, the author shows the impact of the setting--the natural prairie landscape--on the minds, personalities, and actions of these two young characters. The conditions in which Jim and Ántonia live are both beautiful and somewhat threatening. Consider paragraph 2:
  • One day when I rode over to the Shimerdas’ [the last name of Ántonia’s family] I found Ántonia starting off on foot for Russian Peter’s [an immigrant farmer from Russia] house, to borrow a spade Ambrosch [Ántonia’s oldest brother] needed. I offered to take her on the pony, and she got up behind me. There had been another black frost the night before, and the air was clear and heady as wine. Within a week all the blooming roads had been despoiled, hundreds of miles of yellow sunflowers had been transformed into brown, rattling, burry stalks.
Jim, who is the narrator, shows that he has a feeling for the setting in which he lives. “[T]he air was clear and heady as wine.” However, the crisp air is also deadly: the “black frost” has turned the sunflowers “into brown, rattling, burry stalks.” These details suggest a conflict between the characters and nature. The land may yield abundant food, but harsh weather conditions and other unfavorable circumstances may threaten the farmers’ lives and families. This daily struggle to survive further reveals itself in paragraph 5:
  • We were examining a big hole with two entrances. The burrow sloped into the ground at a gentle angle, so that we could see where the two corridors united, and the floor was dusty from use, like a little highway over which much travel went. I was walking backward, in a crouching position, when I heard Ántonia scream. She was standing opposite me, pointing behind me and shouting something in Bohemian. I whirled round, and there, on one of those dry gravel beds, was the biggest snake I had ever seen.
Ántonia and Jim are young and so are sidetracked from their errand to explore a local prairie-dog-town. However, this activity is brutally interrupted by a potentially deadly antagonist, which Jim calls ”the biggest snake I had ever seen.” Jim describes the snake’s movements in detail, and he knows what to expect from such creatures. In paragraph 5, he says: “I saw his coils tighten—now he would spring, spring his length, I remembered.” In this moment, Jim reveals his quick instincts for survival, which propel him into action. Jim acts with almost adult force and decisiveness--he detests the snake and considers it to be his mortal enemy. Ántonia is frightened, but instead of running from the scene, she goes to Jim, hiding behind him. The terrifying battle with the snake makes Jim feel “seasick”:
  • I ran up and drove at his head with my spade, struck him fairly across the neck, and in a minute he was all about my feet in wavy loops. I struck now from hate. Ántonia, barefooted as she was, ran up behind me. Even after I had pounded his ugly head flat, his body kept on coiling and winding, doubling and falling back on itself. I walked away and turned my back. I felt seasick.
Ántonia immediately recognizes how the incident has transformed her friend. She states in paragraph 9:
  • “I never know you was so brave, Jim,” she went on comfortingly. “You is just like big mans. ..”
Ántonia understands that the battle with the snake has forced Jim to give up some of his childlike innocence to take on the responsibility of a man. She admires him for it. And Jim may now be more attuned to threats in the landscape than to its beauty. These conditions of the setting dictate life or death and shape the plot and the characters, revealing one central theme--that of human survival in the natural world.
Question 2
2.

Question:
  • How does the setting shape the characters or the plot?

Question 3
3.

Question:
  • What do the details in My Ántonia suggest about the relationship between the characters and nature?

Question 4
4.

Question:
  • What is one central theme revealed in the text?

Which part of the plot introduces the characters?
Exposition
Climax
Rising Action
Falling Action
Resolution
Choose the two words that best complete the sentence. During the exposition, it is important to introduce the ________ and the ________.
Characters and setting
Climax and conflict
Characters and falling action
Conflict and resolution
What is the definition of plot?
The lesson in the story
The turning point of the story
The sequence of events in a story
The conflict in the story
The story's time and place is called the....
tone
setting
plot
voice
What is the conflict of a story?
the problem faced by the main character
the ending of the story
a bad hair day
a boxing match
What is the definition of climax (select all that apply)?
the turning point of the story
the beginning of the story
the most intense part of the story
the part of the story where the character changes in some way
the part of the story where the focus begins to shift from the problem to the solution
the point when the conflict is resolved
The loose ends of the story are all tied up during which part of the plot?
falling action
resolution
climax
exposition
The problem in a story is the...
theme
climax
resolution
conflict
An individual in a literary work is called...
setting
narrator
plot
character
What is the ending of the story called (select all that apply)?
the resolution
the revolution
the rising action
the end
the denouement
What is the highest, most suspense-building, part of the story?
Falling Action
Setting
Climax
Rising Action
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Use the text from My Ántonia and Match the dialogue to the character who delivered it
OTTO
¨I know I am just awful Jim, I was so scared.¨
ÁNTONIA (1)
¨… he just hit and hit that snake like he was crazy!¨
JIM
¨Your grandmother’s snake-cane wouldn’t more than tickle him.¨
ÁNTONIA (2)
¨You might have told me there was a snake behind me!¨