A scientist decides to test the effect of alcohol consumption on human reaction times. Two groups of individuals are used. Both groups consist of the same number of males and females with ages from 21-45. Both groups of volunteers are fed the same diet.
Group A is given an 8 ounce alcoholic beverage every 30 minutes for 5 hours.
Group B is given an 8 ounce non-alcoholic beverage every 30 minutes for 5 hours.
Both groups are tested on a driving simulator every 30 minutes. Their reaction times are recorded.
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A ______________________ describes things that can be observed with the senses.
qualitative observation
inference
quantitative observation
A ______________________ describes something using numbers or measurements.
inference
quantitative observation
qualitative observation
Sort each statement as qualitative or quantitative.
Polar bears hunt for food using the ice as a platform.
There is 15% less ice this year than last year.
Qualitative Observation
Quantitative Observation
The diagram you drew of the aqueous alternator would be an example of a ___________ model.
mathematical
conceptual
physical
A chart or graph that organizes data helps visualize trends would be an example of a ___________ model.
physical
mathematical
conceptual
A model that changes the scale or recreates a real life system in different materials would be a ____________ model.
physical
conceptual
mathematical
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Scientists working for NASA on long term spaceflight missions wanted to see the ideal amount of sunlight necessary for plant growth. They had previously given plants 2 hrs of direct sunlight. They guessed that 3 hours would be better based on prior data. They stated if 3 hrs of direct sunlight is provided to the plants, then the plants will grow better.
They placed trays of plants under timed lights. All were given the same amount of fertilizer, soil, and water.
Group 1 received 2 hrs of sunlight.
Group 2 received 3 hr of light.
Group 3 received 4 hrs of light.
Group 4 received 1.5 hrs of light.
Group 5 received 1 hrs of light.
Results:
After monitoring all the plants for one month, they found:
Group 1 grew an average of 15cm
Group 2 grew an average of 15 cm.
Group 3 grew an average of 17 cm.
Group 4 grew an average of 22 cm.
Group 5 grew an average of 29 cm.
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The main point of an experiment is to __________________.
prove your hypothesis correct
create charts and graphs from data
test a hypothesis
How many indepedent variables should be present in a well-designed experiment?
0
at least 2
1
Scientists must have the mindset that _____________________.
the natural world is understandable .
the natural world is not understandable.
only authorities should come up with most scientific knowledge.
Scientific knowledge that is over 200 hundred years old ___________________.
should be traded in compeletly for something new.
cannot no longer be used because scientists back then did not operate with a code of ethics.
can still be used since the knowledge is durable (if modifications are made in the light of new evidence)
Someone asks asks a scientist, " What is the meaning of life? " . How should the scientist respond? (according the Nature Of Science)
"Science cannot answer all questions".
"The meaning of life might be found in our DNA".
"The meaning of life can be found through experimentation".
Which areas require scientists to exhibit imagination in addition to logic ?
drawing connections in data
finding ways to communicate results
both of these
A scientist ignores data about the toxicity of Chemical A because their father is an owner of the company that produces Chemical A. This is bias because:
the scientist is too loyal to his father
his father may remove funding from the experiment
data is being ignored because of personal circumstance / situation
This (see story above) is also a violation of the idea that :
scientists should not have close family know about their work.
scientists follow a code of ethics
the world is understandable .
We should always be able to question ideas from scientists (even the most prominent and well-respected) because _______________________.
science can never be proven.
they do not deserve respect.
science is not authoritarian.
A biotech company builds a device that, allegedly, can read people's blood and find diseases. Many people invest money but begin to demand proof it works before it is used on people. The company denies this claiming the proof is private and a company secret. This does not follow the nature of science because:
scientists follow the scientific method
private companies should not perform science
science demands evidence
Elizabeth notices certian birds visit her bird feeder only certain times of the year. She guessed (based on past experience) that " If birds are not present in her yard in winter, then it is due to their yearly migration." This claim is a ________________.
law
theory
hypothesis
Scientific laws ______.
are rules that cannot be broken during an experiment because they damage the integrity of the results.
can cause scientists to go to jail if not following the nature of science.
describe phenomena that are observed multiple times in nature or through experimentation.
A scientific theory ___________.
cannot be proven true because it is merely a guess.
is another way of saying "hypothesis".
an extensive explanation of a phenomena supported by evidence.
Think to the SULTAN check list for graphs. Assuming all points were plotted properly, What is this graph missing? Select all that apply.
S, Scale
U, Units
L, Label
T, Title
A, Accuracy
Think to the SULTAN check for graphs. Assuming all points were plotted properly, What is this graph missing? Select all that apply.
S
U
L
T
A
Think to the SULTAN check for graphs. Assuming all points were plotted properly, What is this graph missing? Select all that apply.
S
U
L
T
A
What is the hypothesis of this experiment?
If plants are given 2 hrs of direct sunlight, then the spaceflight will save resources.
If 3 hrs of direct sunlight is provided to the plants, then the plants will grow more.
Plants are needed for food for long term space flight.
What is the indepdent variable? (manipulated)
amount of sunlight
measurement of plant growth
amount of water
What is the dependent variable?
measurement of plant growth
amount of water
amount of sunlight
Which group of plants would serve as the control group for this experiment?
