Absolutism Test

Empowerment of the peasants

Creating a strong professional army

Limiting influence of nobility and clergy

Consolidation of power under the king or queen

increase Russia's military might.

westernize Russia.

conquer western Europe.

defend Russia's warm-water ports.

The Ottoman Empire invaded during the course of the war.

The war was fought both in Europe and North America.

Russia became involved in a religious conflict for the first time.

Both sides hired mercenaries who plundered the German countryside.

popular sovereignty

divine right

mercantilism

limited monarchy

Louis XIV

Philip II

Elizabeth I

Henry IV

Austria dethroned the French Bourbons and became the strongest nation.

England emerged with an absolute monarchy.

France became the dominant power at Austria's expense.

The newly independent Netherlands became the most powerful country in Europe.

Peter's wars on Austria and Prussia resulted in millions of civilian deaths

Peter failed to westernize Russia

Peter modernized Russia but did so by using mass terror and violence

Peter supported England's republican government

The Swiss Federation is absorbed by France

The German states are officially divided

The Thirty Years' War begins

The power of the Habsburgs increases

The king regained total control of England

The king governed in partnership with Parliament

The king began claiming divine right

The monarchy was abolished entirely

Hire tax collectors that work directly for them

Give additional power to the nobility

Create an organized government bureaucracy

Assemble a professional army

Thirty Years' War

Stuart Restoration

Defenestration of Prague

English Civil War

Increasingly tyrannical absolute monarchs

An extremely well-trained and professional army

A world-class navy

Quick-witted and skilled diplomats

It created an alliance between Britain and France

It abolished the English monarchy

It created the first limited monarchy

It allowed the English king to rule absolutely

It created a separate state in Gascony for French Protestants

It provided Huguenots with religious freedom

It provided Catholics with religious freedoms

It forced all French Catholics to move to Canada

Russia expands its territory under both Peter and Catherine.

The Prussians invade Russia to expand their empire.

Catherine the Great builds a new capital city in eastern Russia.

Peter the Great opens new sea trade routes to western Europe.

The Stuarts were known supporters of the French royals

The Stuarts were radical Protestants

The Stuarts had never ruled a kingdom before

The Stuarts were accustomed to ruling Scotland as absolute monarchs

Spain lost control of the Mexican silver trade.

Austria allied with France, a historical rival.

Great Britain officially announced friendship with France.

Russia intervened to stop continental wars.

He funded the first mission to the Moon.

He successfully conquered Moscow.

He held so much power he was functionally the center of France.

The Pope named him such in a ceremony following the Thirty Years' War.

Louis XIV had recently converted to Calvinism.

The Pope had directed all Catholic kings to support the Protestants.

Louis XIV viewed it as an opportunity to assert power over the Austrians.

France wanted to oppose Britain, who had agreed to help Austria and the Catholics.

Being legally limited by a legislative body was unthinkable to them

Have a prime minister to lead the bureaucracy was distressing

The idea of taking advice from advisors was unusual

It encouraged the development of political parties