Chapter 3: Lesson 3.2, Keeping Your Mouth, Eyes, and Ears Healthypg.87-96

Last updated 6 months ago

11 questions

Note from the author:

Read Lesson 3.2 (pg.87-96) and fill in the blanks with the correct word(s).

Instructions

Read Lesson 3.2 (pg.87-96) and fill in the blanks with the correct word(s).

Required

Chapter 3: Lesson 3.2, Keeping Your Mouth, Eyes, and Ears Healthypg.87-96

Last updated 6 months ago

11 questions

Note from the author:

Read Lesson 3.2 (pg.87-96) and fill in the blanks with the correct word(s).

Instructions

Read Lesson 3.2 (pg.87-96) and fill in the blanks with the correct word(s).

Required

The _______ , _______ , _______ , and _______  are important parts of the body that help people live their lives to the fullest. In this lesson, you will learn ways to care for your mouth, teeth, eyes, and ears. You will also read about some common health conditions relating to these parts of your body and how you can treat and prevent them.

Required

Mouth and Teeth
Having good oral health is important to your overall health (Figure 3.10). _______  refers to your mouth, teeth, and gums. In order for your mouth and teeth to help with digestion, you need to take care of them. In addition, it is important to recognize common mouth and teeth conditions so proper treatment and prevention can occur.

Required

Caring for the Mouth and Teeth
Taking care of your _______  and _______  requires regular attention. To start, brush your teeth, including your tongue, at _______  with a soft-bristle brush and toothpaste that contains fluoride (Figure 3.11). Fluoride is a chemical that helps prevent tooth decay. Brushing your teeth daily cleans your mouth and teeth and prevents the buildup of _______ . Replace your toothbrush about every three months or sooner if the bristles are worn. _______  is also important to do every day. Flossing gets rid of any food particles stuck between your teeth and removes plaque from between the teeth and under the gums.
It is also important to visit the _______  twice a year. The dentist will check and clean your teeth to help prevent tooth decay and gum disease. The dentist can also detect teeth conditions, such as cavities, early on when they can be more easily treated.
There are additional healthy lifestyle choices that you can do to keep your mouth and teeth healthy. Choose to eat _______ , such as fruits and vegetables, instead of sticky foods that are high in sugar and starch, such as candy and soda. If you choose to eat food high in _______ , brush your teeth as soon as possible to prevent oral conditions. When playing sports such as football or ice hockey, wear a mouth guard. This will protect your teeth from being broken. Avoid using any type of _______  product, which can stain your teeth.

Required

Common Mouth and Teeth Conditions
Many people experience mouth and teeth conditions at some point. These conditions can interfere with important daily life functions such as chewing, swallowing, and even talking. Some of the common mouth conditions people may experience include _______ , _______ , teeth misalignment, impacted wisdom teeth, cold sores, _______ , and teeth grinding.

Tooth Decay
When you eat or drink something, a substance in your saliva breaks down the food particles and sugars for digestion. This process turns everything you eat or drink into a type of acid. When this acid combines with the bacteria in your mouth, as well as saliva and small food particles, it forms plaque. _______  is a sticky, colorless film that coats the teeth and dissolves their protective enamel surface. If plaque is not removed, it mixes with minerals to become _______ , a harder substance. Tartar removal requires professional cleaning.
If you do not _______  and _______  your teeth daily, food particles remain in your mouth and promote bacterial growth (Figure 3.12). This results in tooth decay. Over time, tooth decay causes cavities, or holes in the teeth that occur when plaque eats into a tooth’s enamel. _______  are also known as dental caries. As the decay continues, the hole gets deeper and eventually reaches the nerve layer under the _______, known as the dentin. This causes painful nerve damage. The death of the tooth occurs when the decay reaches the deepest layer of the tooth (the pulp cavity).

Required

Gum Disease
Your gums consist of the pinkish tissue that surrounds your teeth. The gums lie on top of the bones of the jaw, and cover the entire root of each tooth. The gums help keep your teeth in place.
_______  occurs when plaque and tartar build up on the teeth (Figure 3.13). The _______  in plaque cause toxins to form in the mouth, which irritates the gums. Over time, this irritation can lead to _______ , an inflammation of the gums. It can also lead to periodontitis. _______ , or periodontal disease, is an _______  caused by bacteria getting under the gum tissue and destroying the gums and bone. Early signs of gum disease include _______  and _______  of the gums. If gum disease goes untreated, it can damage the gums and jawbone.

Required

Teeth Misalignment and Impacted Wisdom Teeth
Sometimes teeth do not always come in straight. Teeth may be crooked, overcrowded in the mouth, have too much space in between, or are misaligned. A misalignment (incorrect position) of the upper teeth and the lower teeth may result in an overbite or underbite. An _______  is a condition in which the upper teeth extend significantly over the lower teeth. An _______  is a condition in which the lower teeth extend significantly past the upper teeth. An _______  may apply braces to fix crooked or misaligned teeth. An orthodontist is a dental specialist who prevents and corrects teeth misalignments (Figure 3.14).
Wisdom teeth may become stuck under the gum tissue, or may only be able to partially come through the gums. This can be caused by lack of room in the jaw. When this occurs, the condition is called impacted _______  teeth. In this case, the teeth may need to be removed by an oral surgeon because the wisdom teeth can become infected or displace other teeth.

Required

Cold Sores
Cold sores, or _______ , are small blisters that appear on the lips and inside the mouth (Figure 3.15). These blisters are red, swollen, and painful, especially when touched. Cold sores are caused by a _______  spread from person to person through passing saliva in some way, such as sharing a utensil. Cold sores typically last several days, but can last as long as two weeks. Cold sores generally clear up without treatment. Cold sores that are painful can be treated with a skin cream or ointment to speed up the healing and help ease the pain.

Required

Bad Breath and Teeth Grinding
Bad breath, or _______ , can be caused by poor oral hygiene. Bad breath is also caused by gum disease, _______ , trapped food particles, and certain medical conditions. For example, respiratory tract infections, diabetes, and chronic bronchitis can all cause bad breath.
Ways people can help _______  bad breath include the following:
practicing good _______ 
seeing the dentist every _______  for checkups
using an antiseptic _______  to reduce the bacteria that causes bad breath
_______  involves repeatedly clenching and grinding one's teeth. This condition may be caused by _______  or _______ , having an abnormal bite, or missing or crooked teeth. Many people who grind their teeth are unaware they do it because it often occurs during sleep. They may learn from other people that they grind their teeth.
Although teeth grinding is usually harmless, persistent teeth grinding can lead to tooth damage, a sore jaw, headaches, and even hearing loss. A dentist can determine whether you are grinding your teeth. If you do grind your teeth, the dentist may suggest that you wear a _______  during sleep to protect your teeth.

Required

Eyes
Most people rely on their sense of vision more than their other senses. You need good _______  for many activities in your daily life, from kicking a soccer ball to taking a photograph to riding a bicycle. Keeping your eyes healthy is important. In the following sections, you will learn some good strategies for keeping your eyes healthy. You will also learn about common vision conditions that can affect the eyes.

Protecting Your Eyes
Following are simple _______  to help you keep your eyes as healthy as possible throughout your lifetime:
Wear _______  eyewear when playing contact sports or doing activities that can create flying debris that could hit the eyes.
When spending time outdoors, wear sunglasses to block harmful _______ .
Avoid sharing _______  and eye care products as germs can easily spread.
If something gets in your eye, _______  it out with either clean water or eye drops.
It is also important to reduce eyestrain. _______  occurs when your eyes grow tired from intense use, such as staring at a _______  for an extensive time or reading in dim light. There are several methods to help reduce eyestrain (Figure 3.16). One simple way to reduce eyestrain is to _______  the amount of time spent looking at a screen.

Required

Common Vision Conditions 📷
For many people, especially young people, vision works well. Other people, however, experience vision conditions. For example, in some people, the shape of the eyeball is such that light does not focus where it needs to focus—on the _______ . People whose parents have vision conditions are also more likely to have vision conditions themselves. Vision conditions are more common in older people because aging can cause changes in parts of the eye.
The following are the most common vision conditions:
_______  (or myopia) is a condition in which objects close to the eye appear clear, while objects farther away appear blurry. In the eye of someone who is nearsighted, light focuses in front of the retina instead of on the retina.
_______  (or hyperopia) is a condition in which distant objects are seen more clearly than nearby objects. In the eye of someone who is farsighted, light focuses behind the retina instead of on the retina.
_______  is a condition in which the eye does not focus light evenly onto the retina. As a result, objects appear blurry and stretched out.
Fortunately, these conditions can usually be corrected with glasses or contact lenses (Figure 3.17). Surgery can also correct, or improve, some vision conditions. _______  (or laser in-situ keratomileusis) is a surgery that reshapes the cornea. This allows light to reach the retina, and helps improve vision.

Required

Ears
What do the following activities have in common: target shooting, woodworking, playing in a band, attending rock concerts, and using a leaf blower? All of these activities can contribute to _______ . Many teens regularly expose themselves to _______ , often through headphones. The sense of hearing allows you to listen to music you enjoy, talk with friends, and be alerted to approaching cars and other dangers. Your ears also play a role in helping you keep your balance. In the following sections, you will learn about strategies for maintaining your hearing and common hearing conditions.

Common Ear Conditions
The most serious health condition associated with the ears is permanent loss of hearing. _______  is typically caused by damage to the inner ear. This damage is often the result of repeated exposure to _______  loud sounds. This may mean exposure to loud music through headphones (Figure 3.20).

Sound intensity, or _______ , is measured in units called decibels. You can experience hearing loss by listening to sounds at or above _______  over an extended period of time. The louder the sound, the less time it takes for hearing damage to occur.
Hearing loss can also be caused more suddenly by a _______  eardrum. This may occur as a result of loud blasts of noise, sudden changes in pressure, insertion of an object into the ear, or an infection. In fact, just one exposure to a very loud sound, blast, or impulse (at or above 120 decibels) can cause hearing loss.
Unfortunately, many people do not notice that they are losing their hearing because damage from noise exposure is usually gradual. By the time they notice, they have substantial symptoms of permanent hearing loss. Early signs of hearing damage include the following:
difficulty _______  relatively soft sounds, such as doorbells
difficulty understanding speech during _______  or in noisy environments
pain or _______  in the ears, or tinnitus, after exposure to excessively loud sounds
If you suddenly lose your hearing, seek immediate medical attention. If you notice hearing _______  over time, talk to your doctor about symptoms. In addition, schedule regular hearing exams to ensure that your hearing is working properly.