The periodic table
The periodic table
This is a from to ensure that you do not miss any specification points 1.13-1.20
This is a from to ensure that you do not miss any specification points 1.13-1.20
The periodic table
The periodic table
Sodium and potassium react with cold water to give similar products.
The electronic configuration of sodium is 2.8.1. The electronic configuration of potassium is 2.8.8.1. Explain the similarities and differences in the way sodium and potassium react with cold water by considering their reactions and their electronic configurations.
similarities
• both in the group (alkali metals)
• in a similar way
• Both have electron in their outer shell
• both produce and fizz (when reacted with
water)
• both produce alkaline solution (when
reacted with water)
2Na + 2H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂
2K + 2 H₂O → 2 KOH + H₂
differences
• potassium reactive
• potassium has a flame
• potassium outer electron from nucleus
• potassium has shells
• potassium has attraction of outer electron by nucleus
• potassium outer electron more easily
The metals all , float and produce , the reactivity down the group because the outer is more easily .
potassium gives a flame
sodium gives a flame
2K + 2H₂O → 2 +
and upload a photograph to this question.
Match the statement to the alkali metal. Some statements apply to more than one metal. Focus simulation alkali metals.
K | Li | Na | |
|---|---|---|---|
Hardest to cut | |||
floated on water | |||
did not melt | |||
Melted (formed a ball) | |||
Easiest to cut | |||
Formed a lilac flame | |||
Reacted fastest | |||
Reacted slowest |
Which letter shows iodine in cyclohexane?
I₂ | Cl₂ | Br₂ | |
|---|---|---|---|
Dark grey | |||
Gas at room temperature | |||
Liquid at room temperature | |||
Pale green | |||
Red - brown | |||
Solid at room temperature |
Halogens
Pale green | Red - brown | Dark grey | Gas | Purple | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
What colour is chlorine? | |||||
What colour is bromine? | |||||
What colour is solid iodine ? | |||||
What colour are iodine vapours |
Halogens
Starch | Colourless | Liquid | Solid | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
What can be used to test for iodine? | ||||
What colour (if any) is sodium chloride | ||||
What is the state of bromine at room temperature? | ||||
What is the state of iodine at room temperature? | ||||
What colour (if any) is sodium bromide | ||||
What colour (if any) is sodium iodide |
Chlorine + sodium chloride → so solution stays
Chlorine + sodium bromide →+ so solution turns
Chlorine + sodium iodide →+ so solution turns (would be in organic solvent)
Bromine + sodium chloride → so solution stays
Bromine + sodium bromide →+ so solution stays
Bromine + sodium iodide →+ so solution turns (would be in organic solvent)
Iodine + sodium chloride → so solution stays (would be
in organic solvent)
Iodine + sodium bromide →so solution stays
(would be in organic solvent)
Iodine + sodium iodide →so solution stays (would be in organic solvent)
6 mark halogen displacement question
Write this into your book as a model answer.
Order of reactivity: > >
Experiment 1
add (aqueous) chlorine to a solution of potassium bromide the solution turns as bromine is produced.
Conclusion:
chlorine bromine
Full equation
Cl₂ + 2KBr → Br₂ + 2KCl
Experiment 2
add aqueous bromine to a solution of potassium iodide the solution turns as iodine is produced
Conclusion:
bromine is reactive than iodine
Br₂ + 2KI → I₂ + 2KBr
Experiment 3
add aqueous chlorine to a solution of potassium iodide the solution turns as iodine is produced
Conclusion
(so) chlorine is more reactive than iodine
Cl₂ + 2KI → I₂ + 2KCl
Chlorine gas is
Bromine liquid is
Iodine solid is dark
Iodine gas is
NaOH + HCl ⟶ NaCl + H₂O
Complete combustion of methane
Balance this equation: Fe + O2 → Fe2O3
Balance this equation: Mg + H2O→ Mg(OH)2 + H2
Noble gases are inert because
Neon is used in light bulbs because it is and so does not react with the filament whereas would react with the tungsten filament.
Neon is inert because it has a outer shell of electrons so does not need to , gain or lose electrons to get a full outer shell
Argon is used in welding as it is and it stops the metal reacting with the in the air so a strong join is achieved.
Argon is inert because it has a outer shell of electrons so does not need to ,
share or lose electrons to get a full outer shell.
Helium is used in weather balloons because it is dense than air.
Helium is used instead of hydrogen because helium is so will not react with oxygen, whereas hydrogen is very and would react explosivley with the oxygen in the air.
Helium is inert because it has a full outer shell of electrons so it does not need to share, gain or electrons to get a full outer shell.
Use the diagrams to answer the questions
