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Carboxylic acids, esters and derivatives

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Last updated over 1 year ago
28 questions
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https://sites.google.com/u/0/d/1CX2vlsL-raIH2EqmQ7HRYqi5gYyllAvg/p/1aStEngryhaVQ1aGCGXd0dFpeMZmxaGKp/preview?authuser=0
https://sites.google.com/u/0/d/1CX2vlsL-raIH2EqmQ7HRYqi5gYyllAvg/p/1aStEngryhaVQ1aGCGXd0dFpeMZmxaGKp/preview?authuser=0
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Question 14
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Draw the structure of the cyclic ester B.

Question 15
15.

Draw the structure of the condensation polymer C, showing two repeat units.

Question 16
16.
(i) Give the molecular formula of the triester.

C_______ H_______ O_______
Question 17
17.

(ii) Complete the equation for the alkaline hydrolysis of this triester with excess aqueous sodium hydroxide, showing the structures of the products.

Question 18
18.

Identify Reagent P, by name or formula.

Question 19
19.


Identify reagent Q

Question 20
20.


Identify reagent S

Question 21
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Question 28
28.
Use this to make a model answer.
Any one ______________ : 
no heat required / works at room temperature so reduces energy cost
or  no catalyst required reducing product purification costs / making purification easier / so no need to recover catalyst
or  reaction is not an equilibrium / reaction goes to completion so produces a higher yield Any one disadvantage:
hydrogen chloride produced is acidic / corrosive so corrosion resistant plant/equipment required (which is more expensive)

or  HCl is toxic so must use a fume cupboard / clean exhaust gases / capture the gas (for sale)
Other Answer Choices:
advantage
Which compound has the highest boiling temperature?
A) butanal
B) butan-1-ol
C) butanone
D) butanoic acid
Which reaction does not produce a carboxylic acid?
A) hydrolysis of an acyl chloride with cold water
B) hydrolysis of an ester by refluxing with dilute hydrochloric acid
C) hydrolysis of a nitrile by refluxing with aqueous potassium hydroxide
D) oxidation of a primary alcohol by refluxing with excess acidified potassium dichromate
The organic product of the reaction of ethanoyl chloride with ammonia gas is:
A) ammonium ethanoate
B) ethanamide
C) ethanenitrile
D) methanenitrile
Which compound gives a pale yellow precipitate on warming with a solution of iodine and sodium hydroxide?
CH₃OH
CH₃CH₂CH₂CHO
CH₃CH₂COCH₃
CH₃CH₂COCH₂CH₃
Lithium tetrahydridoaluminate(III), LiAlH₄, is used to reduce the compound shown. The product formed is:


a saturated alcohol
a saturated carboxylic acid
an unsaturated alcohol
an unsaturated ketone
Carboxylic acids and acyl chlorides both react with alcohols to produce esters.

Acyl chlorides are often preferred to carboxylic acids for this reaction because the yield of the ester is usually higher.

Which of the following statements is the best explanation for the higher yield?
Acyl chlorides react to remove any water produced
The reaction is not reversible
The reaction is less exothermic
The reaction has a higher atom economy
Polyesters can be made by the reaction of:
A. Diprotic carboxylic acids with a primary alcohol
B. Diprotic carboxylic acids with diols
C. Monoprotic carboxylic acids with triols
D. Monoprotic carboxylic acids with a secondary alcohol
When mixed in equimolar quantities, which pair of molecules will not rotate the plane of plane-polarised light?

a
b
c
d
In gas chromatography (GC), which one of the following would increase the retention time for an alcohol?
Increasing the flow rate of the mobile phase
Increasing the polarity of the stationary phase
Decreasing the polarity of the stationary phase
Increasing the polarity of the mobile phase
Which compound is both completely miscible in water and has a higher boiling temperature than water?
A. CH₃COOH
B. CH₃COCH₃
C. CH₃CH₂CH₂CHO
D. CH₃CH₂COOCH₂CH₃
Which compound forms a precipitate with Fehling's or Benedict’s solutions and with iodine in the presence of alkali?
A. methanal
B. ethanal
C. propanone
D. butanone
Which reaction does not produce a tertiary alcohol as one of the products?
A. (CH₃)₂C=CH₂ + H₂O
B. (CH₃)₃CBr + H₂O
C. (CH₃)₃CCOC(CH₃)₃ + LiAlH₄
D. (CH₃)₃CCOOC(CH₃)₃ + NaOH
Which change decreases the retention time in gas chromatography?
A. decreasing the column temperature
B. increasing the carrier gas flow rate
C. decreasing the amount of sample
D. increasing the column length
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