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Ch11 & 12.4 Bio Cell Cycle, Mitosis, Meiosis (10/31/2025)

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1.

In order to fit within a cell, DNA becomes more compact by

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2.

Chromatids are

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3.

A protein disk that attaches two chromatids to each other in a chromosome is called a

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4.

Which of the following is not a true difference between the chromosomes of eukaryotes and those of prokaryotes

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5.

The stage of the cell cycle that occupies most of the cell’s life is

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6.

The phase of mitosis that is characterized by the arrangement of all chromosomes along the equator of the cell is called

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7.

A spindle fiber is a specialized form of

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8.

As a result of mitosis, each of the two new cells produced from the original cell during cytokinesis

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9.

In plant cells, cytokinesis occurs when

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10.

A typical human cell contains 46 chromosomes. After mitosis and cytokinesis, each of the two new cells formed from the original cell

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11.

Why do cells do mitosis?

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12.

Cancer is

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13.

What causes cancer?

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14.

What happens at the G2 checkpoint if there are errors in the DNA?

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15.

One difference between cell division in plant cells and animals is that plant cells have

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16.

The structure labeled A is called the

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17.

Which event occurs during interphase?

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18.

Which pair is correct?

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19.

Cell division is represented in the figure by the letter ____.

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20.

Refer to the illustration above. During which stage do the centromeres divide?

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21.

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22.

What phase does a brain cell enter after cytokinesis?

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23.

Following replication of its DNA, each chromosome contains two , which are attached to each other by a centromere.

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24.

The full sequence of events that occurs in a cell from one mitotic division to the next is called the .

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25.

Microtubules that extend from the poles of a cell to the centromeres during cell division are called  .

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26.

During cell division, plant cells form a new in the center of the cell.

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27.

In eukaryotic cells, takes place after the nucleus divides.

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28.

After a new nuclear membrane forms during telophase of mitosis, the divides, resulting in two cells.

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29.

Collectively, the time spent in G1 + S + G2 is called .

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30.

In mitosis, anaphase follows .

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31.

Chromatin coils up into short chromosome rods during .

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32.

During normal mitotic cell division, a parent cell having four chromosomes will produce two daughter cells, each containing (#) chromosomes.

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33.

Control of the cell cycle occurs at three main , one before S, another before M, and another before cytokinesis.

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34.

Due to an error in DNA cells start dividing uncontrollably and create a malignant .

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35.

Which stage of interphase is DNA replicated?

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36.

What percent of a cells life is spent in M Phase?

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37.

Which phase of mitosis is this?

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38.

Which phase of mitosis is this?

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39.

Which phase of mitosis is this?

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40.

If the chromatin is not distinguishable as a chromosome, what stage is it?

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41.

An embryonic stem cell that can develop into any type of cell except extraembryonic is

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42.

C. elegans, a round worm, starts making cuticle cells at 8 divisions. How many cells?

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43.

If you started studying one human dividing skin cell in a culture, how many would you have after 48 hours?

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44.

What does the G1 checkpoint verify before S phase?

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45.

What is the surface area to volume ratio of a 4cm cube?

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46.

Which treatment of cancer would be most effective?

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47.

Cyclins

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48.

E.C. Biology - The only science where multiplication and   mean the same thing.

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49.

Which of these accurately describes a difference between cancer cells and normal cells?

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50.

Humans and other animals regulate cell growth and cell division. Nerve cells do not divide again once they have developed. What other cell category does not divide once mature?

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51.

The rate at which materials enter and leave the cell depends upon the cell's

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52.

If a cell has 12 chromosomes, how many chromosomes will each of its daughter cells have after mitosis and cytokinesis?

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53.

Which statement does NOT describe external regulatory proteins?

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54.

2n means...

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55.

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of asexual and sexual reproduction. How does the reproductive strategy influence an organism’s chances for survival? (20 points)

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56.

What is cancer? How does it occur? Why is it difficult to cure? (answer each question specifically)

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57.

Stage in meiosis immediately after centromeres break _____

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58.

Separation of homologues occurs during

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59.

Diagrams 1 and 2 show cells from an organism with a diploid number of 4.

Refer to the illustration above. Which of the cells will be a diploid cell at the completion of division?

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60.

The cells resulting from meiosis in either males or females are called

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61.

A reciprocal exchange of corresponding segments of DNA is called .

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62.

The process called

guarantees that the number of

chromosomes in gametes is half the number of chromosomes in body cells.

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63.

A picture of a cell’s chromosomes is called a(n)...

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64.

Which phase of meiosis is this?

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65.

What are separating in this picture?

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66.

Crossing over occurs in

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67.

What causes cancer?

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68.

Why go to all of the extra steps and possible errors involved in sexual reproduction?

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69.

Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of

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70.

The image shows the

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71.

Process B occurs in the female_____

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72.

When discussing sets of chromosomes, mitosis results in two   daughter cells that have the same genetic makeup. Meiosis results in four   cells that are all genetically different from each other.

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73.

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of asexual and sexual reproduction.

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74.

Compare and contrast the process for asexual cell division with the process for making gametes. Include a) cell cycle and b) M phase specific characteristic descriptors.