Intro to Psychology (1 semester course for 11th and 12th graders) Final Exam
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Question 1
1.
Match the psychologist with their key contribution to developmental psychology.
Abraham Maslow
Jean Piaget
Lev Vygotsky
Hierarchy of Needs
Theory of Cognitive Development
The Zone of Proximal Development
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Question 2
2.
Which theory addresses the following concepts or stages?
Kohlberg's Moral Development Theory
Erikson's Psychosocial Theory
Piaget's Cognitive Theory
Preconventional Level
Integrity vs Despair
Sensorimotor and Preoperational Stages
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Question 3
3.
Associate the term with the appropriate developmental stage according to Erikson's theory.
School Age
Young Adulthood
Adolescence
Infancy
Industry vs Inferiority
Intimacy vs Isolation
Identity vs Role Confusion
Trust vs Mistrust
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Question 4
4.
Refers to the process by which a child learns to interact with others around him
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Question 5
5.
Taking in new information and fitting it into existing schemas
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Question 6
6.
The emergence of personal and behavioral characteristics through growth processes is known as
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Question 7
7.
Because Pedro see everthing that happens around him from his own point of view, his thinking is
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Question 8
8.
A time in development when specific skills or abilities are most easily learned is called what?
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Question 9
9.
Which part of the eye is responsible for peripheral vision?
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Question 10
10.
Classify these experiences as either a sensation or a perception.
Recognizing a dog's bark
Understanding the taste as salty
Feeling the texture of a cat's fur
Tasting salty fries
Perception
Sensation
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Question 11
11.
Which perception theory can explain these examples?
Ignoring the sound of AC while focusing on studying
Judging the distance of a parked car
Hearing your name at a loud party
Perceiving a face in the clouds
Selective Attention Theory
Signal Detection Theory
Gestalt Theory
Depth Perception Theory
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Question 12
12.
Classify these phenomena as either physiological or psychological.
Tasting sweet
Experiencing Deja vu
Perceiving danger
Feeling cold
Psychological Senses
Physiological Senses
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Question 13
13.
Which sense is primarily responsible for detecting sound waves?
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Question 14
14.
The reason that you probably stopped feeling the pressure of your clothes on your skin within a few minutes of dressing this morning was due to:
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Question 15
15.
Diminished sensitivity as a consequence of constant stimulation
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Question 16
16.
Perceptions can be affected by our beliefs, values, prejudices, expectations, and life experiences
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Question 17
17.
Leah is a good player whose performance seems to improve as the crowd watching her gets larger. The best explanation for this phenomenon is
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Question 18
18.
An individual bystander is most likely to help an injured person under which of the following circumstances?
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Question 19
19.
Pedro walks into art class and is overwhelmed by the smell of paint. However, the longer he stays in the room, the less noticeable the smell becomes. Which of the following appears to be operating in this instance?
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Question 20
20.
Olivia, a high school student strongly opposed to video game use, is researching the topic for a speech she will deliver to her English class. Rather than searching for “the effects of video games,” Olivia searches for “the dangers of video games” and finds hundreds of Web sites with information she can use to argue her position. Her behavior is an example of
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Question 21
21.
Melany is in a hotel room with a cake that needs slicing, but she does not have a knife. She goes to the bathroom and comes back with a long strand of dental floss, which she uses to cut the cake. Melany has overcome which barrier to problem solving?
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Question 22
22.
Which of the following types of intelligence would be most important in answering trivia questions?
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Question 23
23.
Which of the following examples best represents altruism?
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Question 24
24.
Approaches.
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socio-cultural
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behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures
cognitive
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behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts
psychodynamic
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natural selection of traits has promoted survival skills
evolutionary
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how we encode, process, store and receive information
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Question 25
25.
Nerve impulses travel through the neuron in this order.
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Question 26
26.
The purpose of the marshmallow experiment was to show the relationship between ___________________ and success later in life.
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Question 27
27.
In which of the 10 unbelievable experiments were electric shocks given to show that people would follow orders that hurt others just as Nazi soldiers did?
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Question 28
28.
The four main goals of psychology are to
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Question 29
29.
The modern definition of psychology is the science of ___________ and mental processes.
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Question 30
30.
A general approach to gathering information and answering questions so that errors and biases are minimized is known as the
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Question 31
31.
A person with a fixed mindset would
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Question 32
32.
A growth mindset person would most likely
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Question 33
33.
What is the junction between two nerve cells is the
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Question 34
34.
This part of the body secretes hormones that trigger “fight or flight” responses
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Question 35
35.
The placebo effect is when a fake pill is given to an unknowing participant in a study to see the difference in effect between that participant and a participant receiving the real medicine.
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Question 36
36.
The part of the brain responsible for vision processing, analyzing shapes, colors and movement is the
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Question 37
37.
Substances that carry information between neurons and target cells are known as
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Question 38
38.
In order to determine cause and effect relations between two variables, a researcher would
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Question 39
39.
Which of the psychologists below gets credit for this "Hierarchy of Needs" diagram which is part of the Humanistic Approach?
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Question 40
40.
Latent learning is when we learn without reinforcement and punishment and we're unaware that learning has taken place.
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Question 41
41.
How are classical conditioning and operant conditioning different?
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Question 42
42.
Classify these figures from their contribution to the study of conditioning:
Albert Bandura
Ivan Pavlov
B.F. Skinner
John B. Watson
Founder of Classical Conditioning
Contributor to Behaviorism
Proponent of Observational Learning
Proponent of Operant Conditioning
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Question 43
43.
Match the following types of memory to their definitions.
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Procedural Memory
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Specific events, situations, or experiences
Semantic Memory
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Skills and tasks that are performed automatically
Episodic Memory
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General factual knowledge about the world
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Question 44
44.
Match these memory-bias terms with their definitions.
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Hindsight Bias
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Seeing past events as more predictable than they were
Misinformation Effect
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Recalling an event differently due to misleading information
Confirmation Bias
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Favoring information that confirms your existing beliefs
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Question 45
45.
Match the stages of memory to their descriptions.
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Encoding
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Initial process of recording information
Retrieval
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Process of reclaiming information stored in memory
Storage
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Maintaining information over time
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Question 46
46.
Match the sleep stage with its characteristic description.
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REM Sleep
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Vivid dreaming often occurs.
Stage 1 Sleep
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Transition between sleep and wakefulness.
Stage 3 Sleep
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Deep and restorative sleep.
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Question 47
47.
Match the following sleep disorders with their symptoms.
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Insomnia
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Sudden uncontrollable episodes of sleep.
Narcolepsy
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Breathing repeatedly stops and starts.
Sleep Apnea
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Difficulty falling or staying asleep.
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Question 48
48.
How does the cocktail party effect give us evidence about selective attention?