{{asɛmtiNe Ɔkyerɛwfo}} | Nhomakorabea | Nneɛma a ɛma wotumi yɛ ade

3

What do humans use resources for?

Warmth

Shelter

Food

4.10.1.1

1

Which one of the following objects that you use all the time comes from a renewable resource?
Tick one

mobile phone (metals)

Toothbrush (plastic)

paper (wood)

4.10.1.1

1

What are finite resources?

Resources that will run out

Resources that will exist forever

4.10.1.1

1

Match each type of water to the correct example.

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
Seawater
Wastewater
Freshwaer
Pure

4.10.1.2

1

Sam is preparing to analyse a chemical sample by first dissolving it in water. They reckon tap water will be okay to use because it is potable. Is Sam correct? Explain your answer.

4.10.1.2

1

Match each description to the correct type of water.

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
used water from homes, factories and agriculture		Freshwater
Composed of only H₂O molecules		Waste water
Contains high amounts of dissolved substances		Pure
found in lakes, rivers, reservoirs and glaciers		Seawater

4.10.1.2

1

Match each description to the correct step name.

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
Sterilisation		Removes very small, insoluble particles
Filtration		A grid acts like a sieve, removing large and insoluble objects
Sedimentation		Kills bacteria and other microbes
Screening		Small, insoluble particles settle out of the water source

4.10.1.2

1

Put each step into the correct order to form potable water from groundwater or freshwater.

Sterilisation
Screening
Filtration
Sedimentation

4.10.1.2

1

Izzy has written some instructions for how dirty water could be ‘cleaned’ using common laboratory equipment.
Read through Izzy’s apparatus and method. Correct any mistakes you find.

4.10.1.2

1

Place appropriate statements on the Venn diagram.

Pressure
Pure Water
Boil
Seawater
Partially Permeable Membrane
Condensation
Desalination
Filtration
Freshwater
Temperature

Distillation
Reverse Osmosis
Both
Neither

4.10.1.2

1

Many factors are considered when determining which method to use to obtain potable water from a source.
a)What are the advantages and disadvantages of using distillation to obtain drinking water from seawater?
b)Why is distillation not used to provide drinking water in the UK?

4.10.1.2

1

Match each description to the correct type of water.

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
oceans		Groundwater
only falls from the sky		Pure water
moves through porous rock		Rainwater
H₂O only		Seawater

4.10.1.2

1

Place each substance below into the correct column(s) to show which soluble substances are found in each type of water. You can reuse answers

Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)
Sodium Chloride (NaCl)
Sulfur Dioxide (SO₂)
Dissolved Ions (Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺)

Groundwater
Rainwater
Seawater

4.10.1.2

1

Jun needs to determine the pH of a sample.
Write a method for how he should use universal indicator (UI) paper to complete his task.

4.10.1.2

1

Use the method from above to determine the pH of four water samples.
Record your results in the table below.

4.10.1.2

1

What equipment should be used to:
hold the water sample over boiling water?

4.10.1.2

1

What equipment should be used to:
measure the mass of the water sample?

4.10.1.2

1

What equipment should be used to:
measure the volume of the water sample?

4.10.1.2

1

Match each diagram to the appropriate description.

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
		measure 5 cm3 of water sample
		record the mass of the watch glass
		remove condensation from watch glass
		record the mass of the watch glass and dissolved solids
		heat sample until dry

4.10.1.2

1

Order the statements from the last question to create a method for obtaining the dissolved solids from a sample of water.

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
4		measure 5 cm3 of water sample
3		record the mass of the watch glass
5		remove condensation from watch glass
2		record the mass of the watch glass and dissolved solids
1		heat sample until dry

4.10.1.2

1

Sofia suspects she has a pure water sample and is testing to see if it contains any dissolved substances. What should she expect to observe and why?

4.10.1.2

1

Sam used the following method and equipment set-up to see how much dissolved solids are in their garden pond water.
How might Sam’s investigation be improved?
Method
1.Measure 5 cm³of pond water and pour it onto the watch glass.
2.Heat the pond water until it is dry.
3.Record the mass of the watch glass.

4.10.1.2

1

Follow the method from above to obtain any dissolved solids from a water sample.
A student’s results are shown in the table below.
What mass of dissolved solids would be in 250 cm³ of the same type of water?

4.10.1.2

1

Sofia suspected her water sample was pure and tested to see if it contained any dissolved substances. Here is a table of her results.
Sofia expected to see no dissolved solids in her sample. What may have caused her results?

4.10.1.2

1

5 cm³ samples of four different types of water were analysed. The results are in the table below. Put the water samples into order from the most to the least pure.

Tap water - pH 6.9 - Mass of dissolved solids = 0.002g
River Water - pH 7.4 - Mass of dissolved solids = 0.003g
Groundwater - pH 6.3 - Mass of dissolved solids = 0.004g
Seawater - pH 8.1 - Mass of dissolved solids = 0.200g

4.10.1.2

1

Some students investigated different water samples by heating 10 cm₃ of each until dry in an evaporation dish with a mass of 94.56 g. Their results are shown in the table below.
Which sample is pure water? Explain your answer.
Which sample is seawater? Explain your answer.

4.10.1.2

1

Complete the diagram to show how you can distill a water sample and collect pure water.
Label the following:
●pure water
●water sample

4.10.1.2

1

Alex and Aisha used different distillations setups to purify 50 cm3 of impure water. They distilled their samples for the same period of time.
Explain why Alex collected a smaller volume of pure water than Aisha.

4.10.1.2

1

Both test the boiling point of the distillate obtained in in the last question
a)What result would you expect if the distillate:
i) is pure?
ii) is impure?

4.10.1.2

1

Pure water has a boiling point of

100

101

102

103

4.10.1.2

1

water in the seas and oceans
water in underground streams and rocks
water in underground streams and rocks, rivers, lakes, ice caps and glaciers
used water from homes, industry, and agriculture
water that is fit to drink
water that is 100% water and contains nothing else
Bottled water
Distilled water

Contains microbes and dissolved substances
Contains dissolved substances
Nothing - just water

4.10.1.2

3

What chemicals are used to sterilise water?
Tick 3

4.10.1.2

1

What is apparatus W on above the figure above?
Tick one box

Beaker

Boiling tube

Flask

Jug

4.10.1.2

1

What is the name of this method separation in the question before?
Tick 1 box

Crystallisation

Electrolysis

Filtration

Distillation

4.10.1.2

1

(see image above) Name the changes of state taking place at A and B in the figure above.

Use words below.

Change of state at A is

Change of state at B is

Mmuae Afoforo a Wobɛpaw:

condensing

melting

freezing

boiling

4.10.1.2

1

What is the pH of pure water

0

1

7

14

4.10.1.2

1

Match types of water to their characteristics.

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
Potable water		Found below the earth's surface.
Ground water		Contains no impurities, fully clean.
Pure water		Safe for drinking and cooking.

4.10.1.2

1

Match steps of making potable water to reasons

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
sterilising		remove pieces of solid
desalination		kill microorganisms
passing water through filter beds		remove dissolved salts

4.10.1.2

10

Desalination can be carried out through distillation. Label the diagram below with the following labels
a. Condenser
b. Thermometer
c. Salty water is boiled
d. 100°C
e. Vapours condense
f. Flask
g. Distilled water
h. Beaker
i. Salty water
j. Steam leaves the flask

4.10.1.2

1

Why is desalination only carried out in wealthy countries?

4.10.1.2

6

How is waste water treated? Please put these in the correct order

Primary sedimentation tanks
Return to rivers and waterways
Remove effluent and aerate
Secondary settling tanks
Treat water
Screen and remove frit and particles

4.10.1.3

1

Which process used in wastewater treatment involves bacteria breaking down organic matter? (Tick 1 correct answer)

biological treatment

disinfection

screening

sedimentation

4.10.1.3

1

Which of the following might lead to wastewater production? (Tick 1 correct answer)

washing dishes and clothes

drinking clean water

planting trees in a garden

reading a book

4.10.1.3

1

What is grey water? (Tick 1 correct answer)

water that comes from toilets

water that is clean and suitable for drinking

water that comes from sinks, showers and washing machines

water that is used for industrial processes

4.10.1.3

1

What is the purpose of sedimentation in wastewater treatment? (Tick 1 correct answer)

to add chemicals to the water

to disinfect the water

to separate solid waste from wastewater

to remove bacteria from the water

4.10.1.3

2

What can the anaerobic treatment of sludge produce? (Tick 2 correct answers)

clean drinking water

fertilisers

industrial chemicals

biogas

4.10.1.3

1

What is the final step involved in wastewater treatment before it is released into the environment? (Tick 1 correct answer)

sterilisation

screening

sedimentation

disinfection

4.10.1.3

1

Please use the words below to fill in the correct boxes to describe the process of phytomining.

Large scale extraction of minerals (metal compounds) from the earth to make metals using traditional mining techniques is only cost effective when there are high concentrations of the mineral in the ground. We call such a mineral, a .

When there are only small amounts of mineral in the ground, called a , then a process called , involving growing plants, is economic to use.

Plants called are grown in soil containing the low grade ore minerals. They absorb the minerals via their and what they don't use is stored and in their leaves. When the plants are big enough, they are in air and the impure metal compound is found in the .

Chemical processes such as and are used to then purify the metal from the ash.

Mmuae Afoforo a Wobɛpaw:

displacement

high grade ore

burnt

ash

hyperaccumulators

low grade ore

concentrated

roots

phytomining

electrolysis

4.10.1.4

1

Decide which of these are bioleaching or phytomining

Involves bacteria
Involves plants
Use active transport to move metal ions from soil into roots
Extracts metals from slag heaps, contaminated ground and low grade ore
Combustion and displacement reactions involved
Some organisms involved use chemosynthesis to produce sugars
This process is made more efficient by controlling conditions such as pH, temperature and humidity
This method takes a long time - up to 2 years

Bioleaching
Phytomining

4.10.1.4

1

Give a brief description of phytomining

4.10.1.4

1

What is the name of the method of extracting metals by growing bacteria on low– grade ores?

4.10.1.4

3

Which of the following are advantages of bioleaching? Tick 3 correct answers

conserves high–grade ores

produces toxic substances that can cause environmental damage

process is slow

reduces air pollutants released during traditional mining

allows metals to be extracted from low–grade ores

4.10.1.4

3

Which of the following steps are part of the method for phytomining? Tick 3 correct answers

Grow plants in soil containing low–grade ore.

Grow bacteria on low–grade ores.

Bacteria break down the ore to produce a leachate.

Burn plants to produce ash rich in metal compounds.

Dissolve the ash in acid to produce a leachate.

4.10.1.4

3

Which of the following are disadvantages of phytomining? Tick 3 correct answers

4.10.1.4

3

Which of the following statements about copper ores are correct? Tick 3 correct answers

low–grade ores contain a lower percentage of copper than high–grade ores

low–grade ores contain a higher percentage of copper than high–grade ores

high–grade ores are becoming more difficult to find

the percentage of copper found in ores has been decreasing

the percentage of copper found in ores has been increasing

4.10.1.4

2

How can a metal, such as copper, be extracted from a leachate? Tick 2 correct answers

heating with a less reactive metal such as gold

using electrolysis

a displacement reaction using scrap iron

grow bacteria on the leachate

grow plants in the leachate

4.10.1.4

6

Disposable cups are made from coated paper or poly(styrene). The table below shows information on the life cycle assessments (LCAs) of disposable cups.
Evaluate the use of coated paper compared with poly(styrene) to make disposable cups. Use the table above and your knowledge and understanding of LCAs

4.10.2.1

1

Life cycle assessments are used to assess the environmental impact of producing iron nails and glass bottles.
There are four stages, A, B, C and D, in a life cycle assessment.
The stages are not in the correct order.

Stage ADisposalStage BExtracting and processing raw materialsStage CManufacturing and packagingStage DUse and operation
What is the correct order of stages A, B, C, and D?

C,D,B,A

D,B,C,A

B,C,D,A

4.10.2.1

1

Life cycle assessments (LCAs) are used to assess the environmental impact of different products.
212 million kilograms of aluminium is used for packaging in the UK each year.
68.0% of aluminium packaging is recycled.
Calculate the mass of aluminium packaging that is recycled in the UK each year.
Mass of aluminium recycled = ____________________ million kg

4.10.2.1

1

What is the first step in the life cycle of a product? Tick 1 correct answer

4.10.2.1

1

Which of the following can be revealed by a life cycle assessment (LCA)? Tick 1 correct answer

the weight of the product

the marketing strategy for the product

the financial cost of manufacturing a product

the people who benefit from each stage of a product’s life

4.10.2.1

1

Which of the following can be revealed by a life cycle assessment (LCA)? Tick 1 correct answer

the weight of the product

the marketing strategy for the product

the financial cost of manufacturing a product

the people who benefit from each stage of a product’s life

4.10.2.1

1

What is one of the main purposes of conducting a life cycle assessment (LCA)? Tick 1 correct answer

to find new markets for the product

to understand the environmental impact at each stage of a product’s life

to determine the shelf life of the product

to estimate the resale value of the product

4.10.2.1

1

What is a potential limitation of using LCAs for decision-making? Tick 1 correct answer

they only consider the environmental impact on animals

they only focus on short-term costs

they can be subjective

they are too expensive to conduct

4.10.2.1

1

Why is it important to consider vested interests when reviewing the findings of an LCA? Tick 1 correct answer

LCAs are always conducted by neutral parties

the results can be biased based on who conducted the LCA

LCAs are purely objective

LCAs only consider economic factors

4.10.2.1

2

After being used, clothes can be:

• given to other people to wear

• used to make insulation blocks for buildings.

When clothes are given to other people to wear,

the clothes are .

4.10.2.2

6

Use your notes and your own understand to evaluate recycling, as a strategy to dispose of plastics.

4.10.2.2

1

What is sacrificial protection?

Painting a metal to prevent corrosion.

Using a more reactive metal to corrode preferentially and protect another metal.

Covering a metal with plastic to prevent air exposure.

Cleaning a metal regularly to prevent tarnishing.

4.10.3.1

1

Which metal is often used to galvanise iron?

Copper

Zinc

Silver

Gold

4.10.3.1

1

Which process involves the use of electricity to prevent corrosion and improve appearance?

Galvanising

Electroplating

Anodising

Alloying

4.10.3.1

1

Rusting is a specific type of corrosion affecting _______ in the presence of water and oxygen.

4.10.3.1

1

Which of the following equations is not involved in the rusting process?

O₂ (g) + 2H₂O(l) + 4e⁻ → 4OH⁻(aq)

Fe(s) → Fe²⁺(aq) + 2e⁻

Fe²⁺(aq) + 2OH⁻(aq) → Fe(OH)₂ (s)

2Fe + O₂ → 2FeO

4Fe(OH)₂ (s) + O₂ (g) → 2Fe₂O₃·H₂O(s) + 2H₂O(l)

4.10.3.1

1

Complete the word equation for the rusting of iron. iron + _________ → (hydrated) iron(Ⅲ) oxide

4.10.3.1

1

What is sacrificial protection?

Painting a metal to prevent corrosion.

Using a more reactive metal to corrode preferentially and protect another metal.

Covering a metal with plastic to prevent air exposure.

Cleaning a metal regularly to prevent tarnishing.

4.10.3.1

1

Which metal is often used to galvanise iron?

copper

zinc

silver

gold

4.10.3.1

1

Which process involves the use of electricity to prevent corrosion and improve appearance?

galvanising

electroplating

anodising

alloying

4.10.3.1

1

Rusting is a specific type of corrosion affecting in the presence of water and oxygen.

4.10.3.1

1

Complete the word equation for the rusting of iron: iron + → (hydrated) iron(III) oxide.

4.10.3.1

1

Which of the following equations is not involved in the rusting process?

$O_{2}(g) + 2H_{2}O(l) + 4e^{-} \rightarrow 4OH^{-}(aq)$

$Fe(s) \rightarrow Fe^{2+}(aq) + 2e^{-}$

$Fe^{2+}(aq) + 2OH^{-}(aq) \rightarrow Fe(OH)_{2}(s)$

$2Fe + O_{2} \rightarrow 2FeO$

$4Fe(OH)_{2}(s) + O_{2}(g) \rightarrow 2Fe_{2}O_{3}\cdot H_{2}O(s) + 2H_{2}O(l)$

4.10.3.1

5

Match these key terms to the correct definitions

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
material		materials combined to produce materials with improved properties
quantitative data		a physical substance that things can be made from
reinforcement		in composite: substance that binds reinforcement material together
matrix		information that can be counted or measured, and given numerical value
composite		in composite: substance bound together by the matrix material

4.10.3.3

1

Soda-lime glass is made from readily available materials. Borosilicate glass requires rarer compounds but its property makes it possible to use in high heat applications such as lab glassware. Fill in the blank

4.10.3.3

3

Considering performance, sustainability or aesthetics can lead to discovery of new materials. Composites are typically more expensive than aluminium. What makes carbon fibre better for aircraft wings? Tick 3 correct answers

carbon fibre is lighter than aluminium

carbon fibre is more corrosion resistant than aluminium

carbon fibre is more malleable than aluminium

carbon fibre is shinier than aluminium

carbon fibre is stronger than aluminium

4.10.3.3

4

Quantitative data is essential for precise comparisons and decision-making in material selection. Which of the following properties can provide quantitative data for this? Tick 4 correct answers

4.10.3.3

1

Thermosoftening polymers can be reheated, melted and reshaped multiple times due to their linear chain structure. Thermosetting polymers decompose instead of melting because of their

null

4.10.3.3

C10 Using Resources

C10 Using Resources

What do humans use resources for?

Which one of the following objects that you use all the time comes from a renewable resource? Tick one

What are finite resources?

Match each type of water to the correct example.

Sam is preparing to analyse a chemical sample by first dissolving it in water. They reckon tap water will be okay to use because it is potable. Is Sam correct? Explain your answer.

Match each description to the correct type of water.

Match each description to the correct step name.

Put each step into the correct order to form potable water from groundwater or freshwater.

Izzy has written some instructions for how dirty water could be ‘cleaned’ using common laboratory equipment. Read through Izzy’s apparatus and method. Correct any mistakes you find.

Place appropriate statements on the Venn diagram.

Many factors are considered when determining which method to use to obtain potable water from a source.a)What are the advantages and disadvantages of using distillation to obtain drinking water from seawater?b)Why is distillation not used to provide drinking water in the UK?

Match each description to the correct type of water.

Place each substance below into the correct column(s) to show which soluble substances are found in each type of water. You can reuse answers

Jun needs to determine the pH of a sample.Write a method for how he should use universal indicator (UI) paper to complete his task.

Use the method from above to determine the pH of four water samples.Record your results in the table below.

What equipment should be used to:hold the water sample over boiling water?

What equipment should be used to:measure the mass of the water sample?

What equipment should be used to:measure the volume of the water sample?

Match each diagram to the appropriate description.

Order the statements from the last question to create a method for obtaining the dissolved solids from a sample of water.

Sofia suspects she has a pure water sample and is testing to see if it contains any dissolved substances. What should she expect to observe and why?

Follow the method from above to obtain any dissolved solids from a water sample.A student’s results are shown in the table below.What mass of dissolved solids would be in 250 cm3 of the same type of water?

Sofia suspected her water sample was pure and tested to see if it contained any dissolved substances. Here is a table of her results.Sofia expected to see no dissolved solids in her sample. What may have caused her results?

5 cm3 samples of four different types of water were analysed. The results are in the table below. Put the water samples into order from the most to the least pure.

Some students investigated different water samples by heating 10 cm3 of each until dry in an evaporation dish with a mass of 94.56 g. Their results are shown in the table below.Which sample is pure water? Explain your answer.Which sample is seawater? Explain your answer.

Complete the diagram to show how you can distill a water sample and collect pure water.Label the following:●pure water●water sample

Alex and Aisha used different distillations setups to purify 50 cm3 of impure water. They distilled their samples for the same period of time. Explain why Alex collected a smaller volume of pure water than Aisha.

Both test the boiling point of the distillate obtained in in the last questiona)What result would you expect if the distillate:i) is pure?ii) is impure?

Pure water has a boiling point of

What chemicals are used to sterilise water?Tick 3

What is apparatus W on above the figure above?Tick one box

What is the name of this method separation in the question before?Tick 1 box

What is the pH of pure water

Match types of water to their characteristics.

Match steps of making potable water to reasons

Desalination can be carried out through distillation. Label the diagram below with the following labelsa. Condenserb. Thermometerc. Salty water is boiledd. 100°Ce. Vapours condensef. Flaskg. Distilled waterh. Beakeri. Salty waterj. Steam leaves the flask

Why is desalination only carried out in wealthy countries?

How is waste water treated? Please put these in the correct order

Which process used in wastewater treatment involves bacteria breaking down organic matter? (Tick 1 correct answer)

Which of the following might lead to wastewater production? (Tick 1 correct answer)

What is grey water? (Tick 1 correct answer)

What is the purpose of sedimentation in wastewater treatment? (Tick 1 correct answer)

What can the anaerobic treatment of sludge produce? (Tick 2 correct answers)

What is the final step involved in wastewater treatment before it is released into the environment? (Tick 1 correct answer)

Decide which of these are bioleaching or phytomining

Give a brief description of phytomining

What is the name of the method of extracting metals by growing bacteria on low– grade ores?

Which of the following are advantages of bioleaching? Tick 3 correct answers

Which of the following steps are part of the method for phytomining? Tick 3 correct answers

Which of the following are disadvantages of phytomining? Tick 3 correct answers

Which of the following statements about copper ores are correct? Tick 3 correct answers

How can a metal, such as copper, be extracted from a leachate? Tick 2 correct answers

What is the first step in the life cycle of a product? Tick 1 correct answer

Which of the following can be revealed by a life cycle assessment (LCA)? Tick 1 correct answer

Which of the following can be revealed by a life cycle assessment (LCA)? Tick 1 correct answer

What is one of the main purposes of conducting a life cycle assessment (LCA)? Tick 1 correct answer

What is a potential limitation of using LCAs for decision-making? Tick 1 correct answer

Why is it important to consider vested interests when reviewing the findings of an LCA? Tick 1 correct answer

Use your notes and your own understand to evaluate recycling, as a strategy to dispose of plastics.

What is sacrificial protection?

Which metal is often used to galvanise iron?

Which process involves the use of electricity to prevent corrosion and improve appearance?

Rusting is a specific type of corrosion affecting _______ in the presence of water and oxygen.

Which of the following equations is not involved in the rusting process?

Complete the word equation for the rusting of iron. iron + _________ → (hydrated) iron(Ⅲ) oxide

What is sacrificial protection?

Which metal is often used to galvanise iron?

Which process involves the use of electricity to prevent corrosion and improve appearance?

Which of the following equations is not involved in the rusting process?

Match these key terms to the correct definitions

Considering performance, sustainability or aesthetics can lead to discovery of new materials. Composites are typically more expensive than aluminium. What makes carbon fibre better for aircraft wings? Tick 3 correct answers

Quantitative data is essential for precise comparisons and decision-making in material selection. Which of the following properties can provide quantitative data for this? Tick 4 correct answers

What do humans use resources for?

Which one of the following objects that you use all the time comes from a renewable resource? Tick one

What are finite resources?

Match each type of water to the correct example.

Sam is preparing to analyse a chemical sample by first dissolving it in water. They reckon tap water will be okay to use because it is potable. Is Sam correct? Explain your answer.

Match each description to the correct type of water.

Which one of the following objects that you use all the time comes from a renewable resource?
Tick one

Izzy has written some instructions for how dirty water could be ‘cleaned’ using common laboratory equipment.
Read through Izzy’s apparatus and method. Correct any mistakes you find.

Many factors are considered when determining which method to use to obtain potable water from a source.
a)What are the advantages and disadvantages of using distillation to obtain drinking water from seawater?
b)Why is distillation not used to provide drinking water in the UK?

Jun needs to determine the pH of a sample.
Write a method for how he should use universal indicator (UI) paper to complete his task.

Use the method from above to determine the pH of four water samples.
Record your results in the table below.

What equipment should be used to:
hold the water sample over boiling water?

What equipment should be used to:
measure the mass of the water sample?

What equipment should be used to:
measure the volume of the water sample?

Follow the method from above to obtain any dissolved solids from a water sample.
A student’s results are shown in the table below.
What mass of dissolved solids would be in 250 cm³ of the same type of water?

Sofia suspected her water sample was pure and tested to see if it contained any dissolved substances. Here is a table of her results.
Sofia expected to see no dissolved solids in her sample. What may have caused her results?

5 cm³ samples of four different types of water were analysed. The results are in the table below. Put the water samples into order from the most to the least pure.

Some students investigated different water samples by heating 10 cm₃ of each until dry in an evaporation dish with a mass of 94.56 g. Their results are shown in the table below.
Which sample is pure water? Explain your answer.
Which sample is seawater? Explain your answer.

Complete the diagram to show how you can distill a water sample and collect pure water.
Label the following:
●pure water
●water sample

Alex and Aisha used different distillations setups to purify 50 cm3 of impure water. They distilled their samples for the same period of time.
Explain why Alex collected a smaller volume of pure water than Aisha.

Both test the boiling point of the distillate obtained in in the last question
a)What result would you expect if the distillate:
i) is pure?
ii) is impure?

What chemicals are used to sterilise water?
Tick 3

What is apparatus W on above the figure above?
Tick one box

What is the name of this method separation in the question before?
Tick 1 box

Desalination can be carried out through distillation. Label the diagram below with the following labels
a. Condenser
b. Thermometer
c. Salty water is boiled
d. 100°C
e. Vapours condense
f. Flask
g. Distilled water
h. Beaker
i. Salty water
j. Steam leaves the flask

Which one of the following objects that you use all the time comes from a renewable resource?
Tick one

Izzy has written some instructions for how dirty water could be ‘cleaned’ using common laboratory equipment.
Read through Izzy’s apparatus and method. Correct any mistakes you find.

Many factors are considered when determining which method to use to obtain potable water from a source.
a)What are the advantages and disadvantages of using distillation to obtain drinking water from seawater?
b)Why is distillation not used to provide drinking water in the UK?

Jun needs to determine the pH of a sample.
Write a method for how he should use universal indicator (UI) paper to complete his task.

Use the method from above to determine the pH of four water samples.
Record your results in the table below.

What equipment should be used to:
hold the water sample over boiling water?

What equipment should be used to:
measure the mass of the water sample?

What equipment should be used to:
measure the volume of the water sample?

Follow the method from above to obtain any dissolved solids from a water sample.
A student’s results are shown in the table below.
What mass of dissolved solids would be in 250 cm³ of the same type of water?

Sofia suspected her water sample was pure and tested to see if it contained any dissolved substances. Here is a table of her results.
Sofia expected to see no dissolved solids in her sample. What may have caused her results?

5 cm³ samples of four different types of water were analysed. The results are in the table below. Put the water samples into order from the most to the least pure.

Some students investigated different water samples by heating 10 cm₃ of each until dry in an evaporation dish with a mass of 94.56 g. Their results are shown in the table below.
Which sample is pure water? Explain your answer.
Which sample is seawater? Explain your answer.

Complete the diagram to show how you can distill a water sample and collect pure water.
Label the following:
●pure water
●water sample

Alex and Aisha used different distillations setups to purify 50 cm3 of impure water. They distilled their samples for the same period of time.
Explain why Alex collected a smaller volume of pure water than Aisha.

Both test the boiling point of the distillate obtained in in the last question
a)What result would you expect if the distillate:
i) is pure?
ii) is impure?

What chemicals are used to sterilise water?
Tick 3

What is apparatus W on above the figure above?
Tick one box

What is the name of this method separation in the question before?
Tick 1 box

Desalination can be carried out through distillation. Label the diagram below with the following labels
a. Condenser
b. Thermometer
c. Salty water is boiled
d. 100°C
e. Vapours condense
f. Flask
g. Distilled water
h. Beaker
i. Salty water
j. Steam leaves the flask