After 1967, the elk population began to surge. Approximately how long after the extermination of the wolves did it take to reach this point? Your answer should be estimated to within ± 1 year.
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Fill in the blanks on the diagram (both processes and products).
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A(n) Plant (B) was indirectly (G) impacted by the reintroduction of wolves.
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A(n) Bear (E) was indirectly (G) impacted by the reintroduction of wolves.
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A(n) Elk (A) was directly (F) impacted by the reintroduction of wolves.
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Stream health increased
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Which environment, (a) before or (b) after, has a greater capacity to cycle O2 and CO2?
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Explain how the presence of wolves supports ecosystem homeostasis.
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Use these trophic relationships in Yellowstone National Park to create an energy pyramid and food web
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Using both the geographic and genetics data provided, explain how you defined the relationships between the wolf populations above.
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How did the population change over time? Describe the trend for each phenotype in the population using evidence from the data.
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State a claim as to why the more common color phenotype may be more successful in their habitat.
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If you decided to test your claim, what other type of evidence would you collect to support or refute your claim?
Assume the carrying capacity of elk in this ecosystem is just below 20,000 individuals. Based on the graph above, name one (1) biotic and one (1) abiotic factor and explain how each factor has directly impacted the elk population. Use the matching options below to answer the questions.
Biotic factor (Cause):
Impact on elk population (Effect):
Abiotic factor (Cause):
Impact on elk population (Effect):
Based on the elk population data from approximately 1967 to 1987, what effect do you think the elk population had on the populations of producers?
As Elk population increased from 1967 to 1987, the population of producers increased.
As Elk population increased from 1967 to 1987, the population of producers decreased.
As Elk population decreased from 1967 to 1987, the population of producers increased.
As Elk population decreased from 1967 to 1987, the population of producers decreased.
What do we call species like wolves who have a greater than normal impact on other species, whether the effects are direct or indirect?
Producers
Consumers
Alphas
Keystone species
How do the data points from 2005 specifically illustrate the relationship between elk and wolves?
In 2005 the wolf population dropped and the elk population had a small increase.
In 2005 the wolf population dropped and the elk population decreased.
In 2005 the wolf population increased and the elk population decreased.
In 2005 the wolf population increased and the elk population increased.
Of the prey species included in the graphs, what is the wolves’ preferred prey?
Elk
Bison
Beaver
Aspen trees
Using quantitative data from the graphs as evidence, choose the effect the reintroduction of wolves has on the carrying capacity of Elk
Increased
Decreased
Stayed the Same/No effect
Using quantitative data from the graphs as evidence, choose the effect the reintroduction of wolves has on the carrying capacity of Bison
Increased
Decreased
Stayed the Same/No effect
Using quantitative data from the graphs as evidence, choose the effect the reintroduction of wolves has on the carrying capacity of Beavers
Increased
Decreased
Stayed the Same/No effect
What is the relationship between the elk and browsing data provided?
Elk decreased the amount of browsing of the cottonwood, willow, and aspen.
Elk increased the amount of browsing of the cottonwood, willow, and aspen.
How does the presence of browsers like elk in an ecosystem impact the growth of the three (3) tree species?
Browsing by the elk increased the growth of the 3 tree species.
Browsing by the elk decreased the growth of the 3 tree species.
What is the original energy source that fuels this cycle?
ATP
Sunlight
Water
Trees
What energy molecule, which is efficiently used by all organisms, is produced through cell respiration?
Sunlight
Glucose
Water
ATP
Which cell organelle utilizes sunlight directly?
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
What type of organisms have cell organelles that collect sun?
Producers
Consumers
Decomposers
All organisms
Which cell organelle utilizes food molecules to release energy?
Mitochondria
Chloroplast
What type of organisms have the cell organelles that are used to release energy from food?
Producers
Consumers
both
From what do elk obtain the chlorophyll and nitrogen found in their waste?
Soil
Water
Plants
Animal meat
According to the graph, what abiotic factor seems to impact the amount of chlorophyll and nitrogen in the elk’s waste?
Predators
Gender
Season
Fecal matter
Choose the claim that states why the consumption of chlorophyll and nitrogen by elk increases when they do.
Elk consumption of chlorophyll and nitrogen increases as they excrete more waste.
Elk consumption of chlorophyll and nitrogen increases in the winter and decreases in the spring as the plants lose leaves and go dormant.
Elk consumption of chlorophyll and nitrogen increases in the spring from the winter as plants grow more and become more available.
In the diagram, which of the macromolecules ingested by elk provides nitrogen?
a) Proteins
b) Carbohydrates
c) Fats
What process is represented by dashed line A?
a) Photosynthesis
b) Cellular Respiration
c) Digestion
d) Nitrogen Fixation
What process (which produces energy) is represented by dashed line B?
a) Photosynthesis
b) Cellular Respiration
c) Digestion
d) Nitrogen Fixation
Of which of the 3 macromolecules would the elk's food mostly consist?
a) Proteins
b) Carbohydrates
c) Fats
Of what macromolecule does the wolf diet primarily consist?
a) Proteins
b) Lipids
c) Carbohydrates
What are the building blocks of this macromolecule?
a) Amino Acids
b) Monosaccharide (Glucose)
c) Fatty Acid
What is a general rule that can be applied to estimate the percentage of energy typically transferred from level to level?
1% Rule
5% Rule
10% Rule
20% Rule
Based on the DNA sequences, which populations are more related? Bubble in TWO choices: