GEOL 1301 DC Earth Science Test 4 Fall 2024

Instructions

Answer each of the following questions to the best of your knowledge. You may not use notes or help each other during the test. You have both 8th and 9th periods to work on this.

Topics:
Streams and Drainage Patterns
Oceans and Shorelines
Glaciers and Glaciations

1

Match each picture with the type of drainage pattern it depicts

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
		Radial
		Dendritic
		Trellis
		Parallel
		Rectangular
		Meandering

1

Sort processes into one of the 3 types of stream transport

ions in solution
sand grains that are picked up by the current when it is strong and settles out when it is weaker.
loose materials are removed from the bed and carried by the fluid
pebbles roll along the bottom of a river
coarse grains are pushed by the current

bed load
saltation
dissolved load

1

Label the parts of a stream

Identify what part of the stream has the strongest flow. 2 correct answers.

1

In 3 or 4 complete sentences, explain how a meandering stream can change or evolve over time. What are the names of the features that may evolve?

1

In 3-4 sentences, explain the Coriolis effect AND its relationship to gyres.

1

Deep water masses form as a result of dense water sinking to the bottom of the ocean. The deepest water masses form in which of the following locations? 2 answers

1

How old is the ocean? The Thermohaline Circulation pattern of the Earth's oceans allows all the water in the oceans to mix. Because it is driven solely by density, it moves rather slowly, at about 1 cm per second on average, and must travel ~31,500 km to make a complete loop. Using this information, how long does it take for the oceans to become completely mixed?
HINT: watch out for units that need to be converted!

1

Below is shown a tidal chart for the Seattle Harbor. About how much does sea level rise due to tides in this region?

1

Does temperature or salinity have a stronger effect on the density of water?

Thermohaline Circulation allows for the flow of __________ water masses to flow through the oceans and is driven by __________, which in turn is controlled by __________ and __________. The strongest of these effects is __________.

1

Identify all the locations on the map below that contain gyres.

1

Surface currents are controlled by _______ and shows the movement of ocean water at _______. Thermohaline Circulation is controlled by _______ and shows how water masses move at_______ 

1

Explain in 2-3 complete sentences why Hurricanes move clockwise and Cyclones move counterclockwise. What force is responsible for this movement?

1

Based on the aerial view of the coastal structures below, determine the direction of longshore drift: (NOTE: the shoreline was originally a straight shoreline.)

1

Reorder steps to show the process of glacial ice formation from first (at the top) to last (at the bottom)

snow
firn
glacial ice
granular ice

1

Sort the following pictures as either mountain or continental glaciers.

Mountain glacier
Continental glacier

1

Match each of the different zones of the glacier pictured below with its correct label

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
4		accumulation zone
5		ablation zone
7		equilibrium line
8		terminal moraine
2		tributary
1		medial moraine
10		calving
9		terminus
11		meltwater
6		ice lenses
12		ice flow
3		glacier bed

1

The East and West Antarctic ice sheets are separated by the TransAntarctic Mountains. Although they share a continent, they are wildly different in their stability. The map and graphs below show how ice thickness across the Antarctic continent is variable, with thin ice over the mountains and thick ice over East Antarctica.
Using this image and your knowledge of glaciers, explain at least 2 reasons why ice thickness plays a role in the stability of the ice sheets.

1

Describe the types of glacial erosion and how they occur.

1

Label the types of moraines on the picture below

Glaciers carry a variety of sediments and grains in the ice due to erosion occurring as the glacier flows. Once the glacier melts away, which of the following is the type of sediment that forms from the varied grains collected by the glacier through its journey?

1

The graph below shows the cumulative Milankovitch Cycles on the top line, benthic d18O values in the middle line and ice core records from the Vostok ice core in the bottom line.
Summarize the importance of what this graph depicts.

Match each picture with the type of drainage pattern it depicts

Sort processes into one of the 3 types of stream transport

Identify what part of the stream has the strongest flow. 2 correct answers.

In 3 or 4 complete sentences, explain how a meandering stream can change or evolve over time. What are the names of the features that may evolve?

In 3-4 sentences, explain the Coriolis effect AND its relationship to gyres.

Deep water masses form as a result of dense water sinking to the bottom of the ocean. The deepest water masses form in which of the following locations? 2 answers

Below is shown a tidal chart for the Seattle Harbor. About how much does sea level rise due to tides in this region?

Identify all the locations on the map below that contain gyres.

Explain in 2-3 complete sentences why Hurricanes move clockwise and Cyclones move counterclockwise. What force is responsible for this movement?

Based on the aerial view of the coastal structures below, determine the direction of longshore drift: (NOTE: the shoreline was originally a straight shoreline.)

Reorder steps to show the process of glacial ice formation from first (at the top) to last (at the bottom)

Sort the following pictures as either mountain or continental glaciers.

Match each of the different zones of the glacier pictured below with its correct label

Describe the types of glacial erosion and how they occur.

Glaciers carry a variety of sediments and grains in the ice due to erosion occurring as the glacier flows. Once the glacier melts away, which of the following is the type of sediment that forms from the varied grains collected by the glacier through its journey?

The graph below shows the cumulative Milankovitch Cycles on the top line, benthic d18O values in the middle line and ice core records from the Vostok ice core in the bottom line. Summarize the importance of what this graph depicts.

The graph below shows the cumulative Milankovitch Cycles on the top line, benthic d18O values in the middle line and ice core records from the Vostok ice core in the bottom line.
Summarize the importance of what this graph depicts.