Log in
Sign up for FREE
arrow_back
Library

SciAcad1_Final_Semester1 (12/10/2024)

star
star
star
star
star
Last updated over 1 year ago
67 questions
DE_Chem_1.1
1
1
1
1
1
DE_Chem_1.2
1
1
1
DE_Chem_1.3
1
1
1
1
1
DE_Chem_1.4
1
1
1
DE_Chem_1.5
1
1
1
1
1
DE_Chem_1.6
1
1
1
DE_Chem_2.1
1
1
1
1
1
DE_Chem_2.2
1
1
DE_Chem_2.3
1
1
1
DE_Chem_2.4
1
1
1
1
DE_Chem_2.5
1
1
DE_Phys_1.1
1
1
1
1
DE_Phys_1.2
1
1
1
1
1
1
DE_Phys_1.3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
DE_Phys_1.4
1
1
1
1
1
DE_Phys_1.5
1
1
1
1
1
Question 1
1.

Question 2
2.

Question 3
3.

Question 4
4.

Question 5
5.

Question 6
6.

Question 7
7.

Question 8
8.

Question 9
9.

Question 10
10.

Question 11
11.

Question 12
12.

Question 13
13.

Question 14
14.

Question 15
15.

Question 16
16.

Question 17
17.

Draggable itemarrow_right_altCorresponding Item
arrow_right_alt
arrow_right_alt
arrow_right_alt
arrow_right_alt
Question 18
18.

Draggable itemarrow_right_altCorresponding Item
arrow_right_alt
arrow_right_alt
arrow_right_alt
arrow_right_alt
arrow_right_alt
Question 19
19.

Question 20
20.

Question 21
21.

Question 22
22.

Question 23
23.

Question 24
24.

Question 25
25.

Question 26
26.

Question 27
27.

Question 28
28.

Question 29
29.

Question 30
30.

Question 31
31.

Question 32
32.

Question 33
33.

Question 34
34.

Question 35
35.

Question 36
36.

Question 37
37.

Question 38
38.

Question 39
39.

Question 40
40.

Question 41
41.

Question 42
42.

Question 43
43.

Question 44
44.

Question 45
45.

Question 46
46.

Question 47
47.

Question 48
48.

Question 49
49.

Question 50
50.

Question 51
51.

Question 52
52.

Question 53
53.

Question 54
54.

Question 55
55.

Question 56
56.

Question 57
57.

Question 58
58.

Question 59
59.

Question 60
60.

Question 61
61.

Question 62
62.

Question 63
63.

Question 64
64.

Question 65
65.

Question 66
66.

Question 67
67.

Which of the following correctly describes heat?
Heat is thermal energy flowing from a lower temperature object to a higher temperature object.
Heat is thermal energy flowing from a higher temperature object to a lower temperature object.
The total heat contained in an object is the same as its temperature.
Heat is the total amount of energy associated with an object.
When energy is added to a substance at constant volume and pressure, its temperature increases except ________.
when the substance is in it gaseous state
when the substance is undergoing a phase change
when it has reached its specific heat capacity
when its molecules are gaining kinetic energy
If one end of an iron bar is heated, what causes thermal energy to transfer to the other end?
convection
conduction
radiation
heat of fusion
Which of the following can cause objects to require different amounts of thermal energy to reach the same temperature?
different materials
different specific heats
different masses
all of the above
When does the flow of thermal energy stop?
when the objects are in thermal equilibrium
when all the thermal energy has transferred to the cooler object
when the cooler object cannot absorb more thermal energy
when the objects have both changed temperature by the same amount
How does an exothermic reaction compare with an endothermic reaction?
Both changes absorb energy as reactants become products
Both changes release energy as reactants become products
An exothermic reaction absorbs energy, and an endothermic reaction releases energy
An endothermic reaction absorbs energy, and an exothermic reaction releases energy.
A hot piece of metal is placed into cooler water. Which statement describes how the second law of thermodynamics relates to this process?
The temperature change of the metal is equal to the temperature change of the water
The amount of energy lost by the metal is equal to the amount of energy gained by the water
Energy flows from the metal to the water until they are at the same temperature
Energy flows from the water to the metal until they are at the same temperature
Is the flow of energy during vaporizing more like the flow of energy during melting or during freezing?
It is more like the flow of energy during melting because both processes absorb energy.
It is more like the flow of energy during freezing because both processes absorb energy.
It is more like the flow of energy during melting because both processes release energy
It is more like the flow of energy during freezing because both processes release energy.
What does residence time describe?
Residence time describes the amount of time a particle takes to enter a region or reservoir.
Residence time describes the amount of time a particle remains in a region or reservoir.
Both A and B are correct
Neither A nor B is correct.
Thermal energy is transferred throughout Earth by which of the following processes?
radiation, convection, and conduction
weathering, erosion, and deposition
nuclear fission and nuclear fusion
photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation
Which of the following is most responsible for the uneven distribution of solar energy on Earth?
Earth's rotation
Earth's revolution
Earth's axial tilt
Earth's distribution of land and water
What cycle includes ammonia and urea?
carbon cycle
nitrogen cycle
phosphorus cycle
water cycle
A scientist studying a swamp notes that it contains a high concentration of organic carbon. She should classify this region as ________.
a carbon source
a carbon sink
a carbon cycle
carbon cell
What process drives mantle convection?
the transfer of thermal energy from Earth's surface toward its core
the transfer of thermal energy from Earth's core toward its surface
the transfer of radioactive materials outward from Earth's interior
the transfer of electromagnetic energy inward from Earth's surface
Which statement best explains why Earth's core contains such high percentages of iron and nickel?
Earth's core does not contain high percentages of iron and nickel.
When Earth was still molten, gravity pulled dense elements down to Earth's center.
Metallic elements are attracted to Earth's center due to the magnetic fields it generates.
Centrifugal force generated by Earth's rotation pulls denser minerals toward the planet's center.
Which is the correct order of Earth's structural layers, from top to bottom?
asthenosphere, mesosphere, lithosphere, outer core, inner core
lithosphere, asthenosphere, mesosphere, outer core, inner core
outer core, inner core, mesosphere, asthenosphere, lithosphere
outer core, inner core, lithosphere, mesosphere, asthenosphere,
Match the following plate formations to their proper description.
volcanic arcs
These form when extensional forces on rock at a divergent boundary cause some rocks to move up and some to move down; this group moves upward.
fault block mountains
These may be inactive and become a place for water to collect, forming rivers and lakes
folded mountains
These form behind a subduction zone where two plates converge.
rift valleys
These form when converging plates compress against each other and form anticlines, pushing rock upward
Match the following types of plate boundaries and formations to their description or example.
subduction zones
This occurs when two tectonic plates push together; this action can form mountains and volcanoes.
convergent boundary
The movement of tectonic plates that form mid-ocean ridges and rift valleys.
deep-sea trenches
This occurs when two tectonic plates slide past one another; this boundary occurs in southern California.
transform boundary
These occur at convergent boundaries between ocean-ocean or ocean-continental crust occur, but do not occur where two continental plates meet.
divergent boundary
These form the deepest parts of the ocean, with most located around the ring of fire.
Pangaea became the continents we see today because of plate motion...
along divergent boundaries only
only convergent boundaries only
along both divergent and convergent boundaries
none of the above
Continental drift separates two populations of the same species. Eventually, the two populations evolve into distinct species. In which of the following scenarios would this evolution likely be most pronounced?
The drifting continents align along an east-west axis.
The drifting continents align along a north-south axis.
The continents drift in opposite directions along the equator.
None of these scenarios would likely result in more pronounced evolution.
A geologist is looking for evidence of early supercontinents. Why is the evidence difficult to find?
Much of the evidence was destroyed as the continents collided and were broken apart.
Much of the evidence is buried under hundreds of kilometers of rock.
both A and B
neither A nor B
Where do volcanoes form?
divergent boundaries
convergent boundaries
hot spots
all of the above
A geologist learns that an explosive volcanic eruption occurred. Which of the following inferences is he most justified in making about the type of lava that erupted?
The lava consists almost entirely of iron and magnesium, with less than 10 percent silica.
The lava is 40–50 percent silica, with a relatively high percentage of iron and magnesium.
The lava consists mostly of silica; it formed from magma that melted through continental crust at a convergent boundary.
The lava consists mostly of silica; it formed from magma that melted through oceanic crust at a divergent boundary.
How do volcanoes form at hot spots?
As tectonic plates move apart, mantle pressure decreases and magma wells up from Earth’s interior.
As a tectonic plate moves over a relatively stationary plume of magma, the magma plume melts through the lithosphere.
As a tectonic plate is subducted along a trench, it is recycled back into Earth's mantle, where it melts and becomes buoyant as it mixes with water and sediments.
As tectonic plates move horizontally past each other, the resulting friction produces powerful earthquakes, which open holes in Earth's crust through which magma can escape.
The atomic number of lead is 82. Its mass number is 207. How many protons, neutrons, and electrons does this atom of lead contain?
207 protons, no neutrons, and 207 electrons
125 protons, 82 neutrons, and 125 electrons
82 protons, 125 neutrons, and 82 electrons
82 protons, 207 neutrons, and 82 electrons
Which combination best represent the mass and charge of a neutron?
0 amu; neutral
1 amu; neutral
1 amu; positive
0 amu; positive
An atom of hydrogen-2 contains one proton, one neutron, and one electron. Which particle(s) identify the atom as hydrogen?
the proton
the neutron
the electron
the proton and the neutron
An ion of oxygen contains eight protons and has a charge of 2-. What must occur for this ion to become a neutral oxygen atom?
It must lose two electrons.
It must gain two electrons.
It must lose two protons.
It must gain two protons.
Which atom has the greatest mass?
an atom with 8 protons, 7 neutrons, and 8 electrons
an atom with 8 protons, 8 neutrons, and 8 electrons
an atom with 9 protons, 6 neutrons, and 9 electrons
an atom with 7 protons, 8 neutrons, and 7 electrons
How did the uncertainty principle influence thinking about the arrangement of electrons in atoms?
Scientists realized that electrons did not continually lose energy.
Scientists realized that electrons could not be located in defined orbits.
Scientists realized that electrons could move from one energy level to another.
Scientists realized that electrons have different energies depending on their location within an atom.
Light can be characterized in terms of its wavelength. Light can also be characterized as having a discrete quantity of energy. What does this say about light?
that light's position and velocity cannot both be measured at the same time
that the speed of light is equivalent to its frequency multiplied by its wavelength
that light at times behaves like a particle and at other times like a wave
that light cannot be described in a useful way because of conflicting characteristics
With the given orbital diagram, which of the following is true?
The 2s orbitals are filled.
The 3p orbitals are filled.
The orbital diagram violates Hund's rule.
none of the above
What word is used to describe electrons in the outermost energy level?
orbital
ionic
covalent
valence
Using the orbital diagram below, which of the following elements does it describe?
Si
O
F
Xe
The noble gases include which of the following sets of elements?
Ar, Kr
H, He
F, Cl
O, S
How many groups are there in the periodic table?
9
27
4
18
Which of the following is true about halogens?
they have one valence electron
they have two valence electrons
they have seven valence electrons
they have eight valence electrons
Which of the following is true about rows of the periodic table?
Atomic number increases from right to left
Atomic mass increases from left to right
Periods contain whole families
Periods contain whole groups
Metallic character tends to increase as you move in which direction on the period table?
up a column on the periodic table
down a column on the periodic table
from left to right across the periodic table
from the bottom-left to the top-right of the periodic table
Atomic radius tends to decrease as you move ________.
up a column on the periodic table
down a column on the periodic table
from right to left across the periodic table
from the top-right to the bottom-left of the periodic table
For which object(s) do Newton's laws of motion apply best?
an electron moving around an atomic nucleus
a particle moving at a constant, near-light speed
a person jumping in the air inside a turning vehicle
several billiard balls interacting on a billiard table
An object is falling straight down. The minimum number of axes required in a frame of reference used to analyze its motion is
3
2
1
0
A student knows the following facts about an object. Which will help most in being able to use Newton's laws predict its motion?
the forces that act on the object
the object's dimensions
the object's temperature
the object's charge
In Newton's law of universal gravitation, what is the mathematical relationship of the force to the distance?
Force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance.
Force is inversely proportional to the distance.
Force is directly proportional to the square of the distance.
Force is directly proportional to the distance.
Which of the following best completes this sentence? In every interaction, forces occur in ___________.
specific places
single units
one direction only
pairs
If each vehicle below is traveling at 30 miles per hour on a straight road, which one would be the hardest to stop?
a bicycle
a compact car
a tractor trailer
a tractor trailer loaded with foam rubber
A bat with a force of 50 N hits a softball with a mass of 0.5 kg. What will the softball's acceleration rate be?
25 meters/second2
50.5 meters/second2
49.5 meters/seconds2
100 meters/second2
The same force acts on four objects with different masses. Which mass would experience the greatest acceleration?
20 grams
60 grams
100 grams
200 grams
Newton's first law states that an object must travel at a constant speed and in ________, unless some outside force compels it to change.
a straight line
a curved path
a cyclic motion
a wave-like manner
An object is accelerating when _______________.
it is not moving
it is spinning around
it is changing speed or direction
it continues at the same speed
In this image, what type of quantity is indicated by the colors?
constant
vector
scalar
ratio
Which could be a description of this vector?
a force acting at 45°
a velocity directed diagonally upward
an acceleration acting at 45°
a displacement northeast
Add the following force vectors using the head-to-tail method: 3 N east; 2 N north; 2 N west; 4 N north; 2 N west; 3 N south; 1 N east. What is the resultant vector?
3 N north
a little longer than 4 N northeast
3 N south
a little longer than 3 N north by northwest
A satellite orbits Earth at a constant altitude and speed. There are no physical connections, such as cables, between Earth, and the satellite. Why does it follow a circular path?
the satellite cannot escape Earth's atmosphere
Earth's magnetic field attracts the satellite and keeps it in orbit
directional rocket boosters constantly turn the satellite into its curved path
gravity between Earth and the satellite exerts a force perpendicular to the satellite's velocity
Speed is related to velocity in the same way that distance is related to _______
displacement.
velocity.
time.
speed.
Combine these three velocity vectors into a resultant: 3.0 m/s north, 4.0 m/s east, 1.0 m/s west. Identify the resultant vector.
13 m/s north
8 m/s northeast
4.2 m/s northeast
4.2 m/s southwest
A velocity's magnitude may be changed without changing its direction by ________.
applying a force parallel to its direction
applying a force perpendicular to its direction
accelerating the object into uniform circular motion
adding a perpendicular component to the velocity
What is the average acceleration of a car that is initially at rest at a stoplight and then accelerates to 24 m/s in 9.4 s?
0.39 m/s2
2.6 m/s2
5.2 m/s2
8.2 m/s2
A boy pushes on a heavy box, but it does not move. What force is resisting the boy's push?
static friction
kinetic friction
the force of gravity
normal force
Neglecting air resistance, the horizontal velocity of a projectile ________.
increases as it falls
decreases as it falls
is constant
depends on the vertical velocity
A car suddenly slams on its brakes and skids west for 8 m before stopping. The force of friction acting on the car was directed ...
west
east
down
up
The velocity--time graph shown below indicates which of the following about the object's motion?
The velocity is constant.
The acceleration is constant.
The position is constant.
The acceleration is decreasing.
Two objects in a closed system collide. After the collision, one object has lost speed, but the other object has gained speed. Explain why this has happened.
Total momentum in a closed system is conserved.
Gravitational potential energy converts to kinetic energy.
Kinetic energy converts to gravitational potential energy.
Mass is conserved.
Calculate the speed of a 2.4 kg object with a momentum of magnitude 76 kg m/s.
8.0 m/s
23 m/s
32 m/s
420 m/s
When two objects collide in a perfectly elastic collision, what is true about the total momentum and total kinetic energy before and after?
they are unchanged
momentum has increased and energy is the same
momentum is the same and energy has decreased
both have decreased
The kinetic energy of an object is equal to what expression?
mv2
mv
What symbol is used to denote momentum?
p
E
F
v