Year 10 Fuels lesson 1

Last updated 5 months ago
31 questions
2
Use the following to make a set of notes on this topic

8.1 Recall that hydrocarbons are _______ that contain _______ and hydrogen only.
5
Make notes

8.2 Describe crude oil as:
a) a complex _______ of _______
b) containing _______ in which carbon atoms are in chains or rings
c) an important source of useful substances (_______ and feedstock for the petrochemical industry)
d) a _______ resource. (will run out)
1

What is crude oil described as?

1

How is crude oil separated into simpler mixtures?

4
Fractional distillation and hydrocarbon properties
1 = _____________
2 = _____________
3 = _________________
4 = ________________


Other Answer Choices:
the shortest
condense
vaporise
the longest
6
Copy this diagram into your notes and add the comments below.

From the bottom to the top the temperature __________

From the bottom to the top the number of carbon and hydrogen atoms in the hydrocarbon __________

From the bottom to the top the chain length __________

From the bottom to the top the viscosity __________

From the bottom to the top the volatility __________

From the bottom to the top the flammability (ease of ignition) __________
1

6

Make a table of the fractions and their typical uses

Draggable itemCorresponding Item
petrol
used in domestic heating and cooking
bitumen
used as fuel for cars
diesel oil
used as fuel for aircraft
gases,
used as fuel for some cars and trains
fuel oil,
used as fuel for large ships and in some power stations
kerosene
used to surface roads and roofs .
1

What is petrol used as?

1

How do hydrocarbons in different fractions differ?

6
Complete and copy into your notes
8.6 Explain an homologous series as a series of ______________ which:
a) have the same general ____________ ((e.g. CnH2n+2 for alkanes)
b) differ by ________ in molecular formulae from neighbouring compounds. (The alkanes methane, ethane, propane and butane have the formulae CH4, C2H6, C3H8 and C4H10)
c) show a gradual variation in physical properties, as exemplified by their ____________ points which increases as the chain length ______________
d) have similar chemical properties for example alkanes can undergo _______________
Other Answer Choices:
increases
compounds
formula
combustion
CH2
boiling
1

Displayed formula of methane

1

Displayed formula of ethene

1

Displayed formula of ethene

1

Homologous series (family) and general formula

1

Homologous series (family) and general formula

1

option 1
option 2
option 3
option 4
Structure 1
Structure 2
Structure 3
Structure 4
1

Match the diagram to the category�

  • Alkane
  • Polymer
  • alkene
1

Crude oil molecule

1

Propene structure

1

Propene formula

1

The main difference between alkenes and alkanes is that alkenes have . . .

1

Soot (carbon)
Water (0% in dry air)
Oxygen (21%)
Carbon dioxide (0.03%)
Which gas in the air reacts with the hydrocarbon?
The gas that condenses and collects in the U tube is
The gas that makes the limewater go cloudy is
Deposits of ________________ would form on the funnel
1

Combustion and reversible reactions

1

Complete combustion of methane

1

Polymers

1

Polymers

1

Cracking and polymers

1

Displayed formulae

Option 1
Option 2
Option 3
Option 4
1
2
3
4
1

Compete the grid

alkene
alkane
unsaturated
monomer
polymer
X
Y
1

poly(propene)