Use the following to make a set of notes on this topic

8.1 Recall that hydrocarbons are _______  that contain _______  and hydrogen only.

Make notes

8.2 Describe crude oil as:
a) a complex _______  of _______ 
b) containing _______  in which carbon atoms are in chains or rings
c) an important source of useful substances (_______  and feedstock for the petrochemical industry)
d) a _______  resource. (will run out)

1

What is crude oil described as?

1

How is crude oil separated into simpler mixtures?

4

Fractional distillation and hydrocarbon properties
= _____________ 
= _____________ 
= _________________ 
= ________________ 

Other Answer Choices:

the shortest

condense

vaporise

the longest

6

Copy this diagram into your notes and add the comments below.

From the bottom to the top the temperature __________

From the bottom to the top the number of carbon and hydrogen atoms in the hydrocarbon __________

From the bottom to the top the chain length __________ 

From the bottom to the top the viscosity __________ 

From the bottom to the top the volatility __________

From the bottom to the top the flammability (ease of ignition) __________

1

6

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
petrol

1

What is petrol used as?

1

How do hydrocarbons in different fractions differ?

6

Complete and copy into your notes
8.6 Explain an homologous series as a series of ______________  which: 
a) have the same general ____________ ((e.g. CnH2n+2 for alkanes) 
b) differ by ________  in molecular formulae from neighbouring compounds. (The alkanes methane, ethane, propane and  butane have the formulae CH4, C2H6, C3H8 and C4H10) 
c) show a gradual variation in physical properties, as exemplified by their ____________  points which increases as the chain length ______________ 
d) have similar chemical properties for example alkanes can undergo _______________ 

Displayed formula of methane

1

Displayed formula of ethene

1

Displayed formula of ethene

1

Homologous series (family) and general formula

1

Homologous series (family) and general formula

1

Match the diagram to the category�

Alkane

1

Crude oil molecule

1

Propene structure

1

Propene formula

1

The main difference between alkenes and alkanes is that alkenes have . . .

1

Combustion and reversible reactions

1

Complete combustion of methane

1

Polymers

1

Polymers

1

Cracking and polymers

1

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
petrol		used in domestic heating and cooking
gases,		used as fuel for cars
kerosene		used as fuel for aircraft
fuel oil,		used as fuel for some cars and trains
diesel oil		used as fuel for large ships and in some power stations
bitumen		used to surface roads and roofs .

	option 1	option 2	option 3	option 4
Structure 1
Structure 2
Structure 3
Structure 4

	Soot (carbon)	Water (0% in dry air)	Oxygen (21%)	Carbon dioxide (0.03%)
Which gas in the air reacts with the hydrocarbon?
The gas that condenses and collects in the U tube is
The gas that makes the limewater go cloudy is
Deposits of ________________ would form on the funnel

	Option 1	Option 2	Option 3	Option 4
1
2
3
4

	alkene

	alkene	alkane	unsaturated	monomer	polymer
X
Y

Year 10 Fuels lesson 1

Year 10 Fuels lesson 1

What is crude oil described as?

How is crude oil separated into simpler mixtures?

What is petrol used as?

How do hydrocarbons in different fractions differ?

Displayed formula of methane

Displayed formula of ethene

Displayed formula of ethene

Homologous series (family) and general formula

Homologous series (family) and general formula

Match the diagram to the category�

Crude oil molecule

Propene structure

Propene formula

The main difference between alkenes and alkanes is that alkenes have . . .

Combustion and reversible reactions

Complete combustion of methane

Polymers

Polymers

Cracking and polymers

poly(propene)

What is crude oil described as?

How is crude oil separated into simpler mixtures?

Make a table of the fractions and their typical uses

What is petrol used as?

How do hydrocarbons in different fractions differ?

Displayed formula of methane

Displayed formula of ethene

Displayed formula of ethene

Homologous series (family) and general formula

Homologous series (family) and general formula

Match the diagram to the category�

Crude oil molecule

Propene structure

Propene formula

The main difference between alkenes and alkanes is that alkenes have . . .

Combustion and reversible reactions

Complete combustion of methane

Polymers

Polymers

Cracking and polymers

Displayed formulae

Compete the grid

poly(propene)