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Year 10 Fuels lesson 1

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Last updated 10 months ago
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Question 1
1.
Use the following to make a set of notes on this topic

8.1 Recall that hydrocarbons are _______ that contain _______ and hydrogen only.
Question 2
2.
Make notes

8.2 Describe crude oil as:
a) a complex _______ of _______
b) containing _______ in which carbon atoms are in chains or rings
c) an important source of useful substances (_______ and feedstock for the petrochemical industry)
d) a _______ resource. (will run out)
Question 3
3.

Question 4
4.

Question 5
5.
Fractional distillation and hydrocarbon properties
1 = _____________
2 = _____________
3 = _________________
4 = ________________


Other Answer Choices:
the shortest
condense
vaporise
the longest
Question 6
6.
Copy this diagram into your notes and add the comments below.

From the bottom to the top the temperature __________

From the bottom to the top the number of carbon and hydrogen atoms in the hydrocarbon __________

From the bottom to the top the chain length __________

From the bottom to the top the viscosity __________

From the bottom to the top the volatility __________

From the bottom to the top the flammability (ease of ignition) __________
Question 7
7.

Question 8
8.

Draggable itemarrow_right_altCorresponding Item
arrow_right_alt
arrow_right_alt
arrow_right_alt
arrow_right_alt
arrow_right_alt
arrow_right_alt
Question 9
9.

Question 10
10.

Question 11
11.
Other Answer Choices:
increases
compounds
formula
combustion
boiling
Question 12
12.

Question 13
13.

Question 14
14.

Question 15
15.

Question 16
16.

Question 17
17.

Question 18
18.

Question 19
19.

Question 20
20.

Question 21
21.

Question 22
22.

Question 23
23.

Question 24
24.

Question 25
25.

Question 26
26.

Question 27
27.

Question 28
28.

Question 29
29.

Question 30
30.

Question 31
31.

What is crude oil described as?
a) a complex mixture of hydrocarbons
b) containing molecules in chains or rings
c) an important source of useful substances
d) a finite resource
How is crude oil separated into simpler mixtures?
d) crystallization
c) fractional distillation
b) filtration
a) chemical reaction
a
b
c
d
Make a table of the fractions and their typical uses

fuel oil,
used in domestic heating and cooking
diesel oil
used as fuel for cars
petrol
used as fuel for aircraft
bitumen
used as fuel for some cars and trains
kerosene
used as fuel for large ships and in some power stations
gases,
used to surface roads and roofs .
What is petrol used as?
a) used in domestic heating and cooking
b) fuel for cars
d) used for road surfacing
c) fuel for aircraft
How do hydrocarbons in different fractions differ?
b) the color they exhibit
a) the number of carbon atoms
d) the shape of molecules
c) the location of production
Complete and copy into your notes
8.6 Explain an homologous series as a series of ______________ which:
a) have the same general ____________ ((e.g. CnH2n+2 for alkanes)
b) differ by ________ in molecular formulae from neighbouring compounds. (The alkanes methane, ethane, propane and butane have the formulae CH4, C2H6, C3H8 and C4H10)
c) show a gradual variation in physical properties, as exemplified by their ____________ points which increases as the chain length ______________
d) have similar chemical properties for example alkanes can undergo _______________
CH2
Displayed formula of methane

a
B
C
D
Displayed formula of ethene

a
B
C
D
Displayed formula of ethene

a
B
C
D
Homologous series (family) and general formula

a
B
C
D
Homologous series (family) and general formula

a
B
C
D
option 1
option 2
option 3
option 4
Structure 1
Structure 2
Structure 3
Structure 4
Match the diagram to the category�
Alkane
Polymer
alkene
Crude oil molecule

  • it is a polymer
  • it is a saturated compound
  • it is an alkene
  • it reacts with bromine water and turns it colourless
  • the carbon-carbon bonds are covalent bonds
Propene structure

A
B
C
D
Propene formula

C₃H₃

C₃H₆

C₃H₇

C₃H₈

The main difference between alkenes and alkanes is that alkenes have . . .

more carbon atoms.

more hydrogen atoms.

more single bonds.

at least one double bond.

Soot (carbon)
Water (0% in dry air)
Oxygen (21%)
Carbon dioxide (0.03%)
Which gas in the air reacts with the hydrocarbon?
The gas that condenses and collects in the U tube is
The gas that makes the limewater go cloudy is
Deposits of ________________ would form on the funnel
Combustion and reversible reactions

Carbon Monoxide

Water vapour

Carbon (soot)

Carbon dioxide

Complete combustion of methane

1
2
3
4
Polymers

1
2
3
4
Polymers

A
B
C
D
Cracking and polymers

1
2
3
4
Displayed formulae

Option 1
Option 2
Option 3
Option 4
1
2
3
4
Compete the grid

alkene
alkane
unsaturated
monomer
polymer
X
Y
poly(propene)

1
2
3
4