IB GEO Urban Environments Key Words - Changing Urban Systems - George Hume | Biblioteka

1

What is centripetal population movement?

Population decline in urban areas.

Urban areas losing residents often.

Suburban to rural migration.

Movement of people towards cities from rural areas.

1

What does gentrification refer to?

Wealthier people modernizing homes in an area.

Poor neighborhoods improving without investment.

Industrial areas becoming rural.

Growth of public services in cities.

1

What characterizes inner city areas?

New residential areas on city outskirts.

Older industry, high-density housing, and urban decay.

Only parks and recreational spaces.

Predominantly high-income housing developments.

1

What are push factors?

Economic opportunities in rural communities.

Government services that support urban living.

Attractions in urban areas drawing people in.

Negative conditions leading to out-migration from places.

1

What is natural increase in population dynamics?

Growth caused by immigration alone.

Result of more deaths than births.

Increase due to rural migration.

Population growth from higher birth rates than death rates.

1

What defines pull factors in migration?

High crime rates in urban areas.

Positive conditions attracting people to a new location.

Poor job opportunities in cities.

Negative features pushing people away.

1

What does urbanization refer to?

Rural population decrease only.

Suburban expansion into rural lands.

Population movement from rural areas to urban spaces.

Movement of cities to rural areas.

1

What term describes the movement away from city centres?

Reurbanization

Suburbanization

Urban Sprawl

Counter Urbanization

1

What is reurbanization?

Increased city pollution

Expansion of suburbs

People relocating to rural areas

People moving back to metropolitan areas

1

What does suburbanization lead to?

Increased rural farming land

Greater central city density

Urban sprawl

Population decline in cities

1

Counter Urbanization primarily results from what trend?

Decentralization and growth of periphery

Increased immigration to cities

Rapid urbanization

Revitalization of downtown areas

1

What defines the rural-urban fringe?

Center of the city area.

Completely rural area.

Area with many services.

Margin where town meets countryside.

1

What are satellite towns primarily known for?

No commuting necessary.

High population density.

Full urban services.

Limited functions; people commute to urban centers.

1

What describes urban sprawl?

Planned city development.

Decreasing urban population density.

Concentration of services in cities.

Uncontrolled spread of urban areas into rural regions.

1

How do people typically access jobs from satellite towns?

By commuting to major urban areas.

Living permanently in the city.

Using public transportation only.

By working locally in satellite towns.

1

What sector has experienced growth in high-income countries?

Quaternary sector jobs

Agricultural jobs

Primary sector jobs

Manufacturing jobs

1

Who led economic restructuring in the UK?

Margaret Thatcher

Winston Churchill

David Cameron

Tony Blair

1

What do TNCs primarily seek in developing economies?

Advanced technology

Low-cost labor

High wages

State protectionism

1

What type of policies opened global markets?

Socialist policies

Protectionist policies

Neo-liberal policies

Isolationist policies

1

What is a key characteristic of decentralized industries?

Footloose and not bound by location factors.

Only located in inner cities.

Depend on government support to succeed.

Produce heavy products for easy transport.

1

What leads to a cycle of decline in cities?

Surge in high-tech industry jobs.

High population growth in the cities.

Closure of large employers causing high unemployment rates.

Increased spending in inner urban areas.

1

Why do decentralized industries prefer peripheral locations?

To be closer to government offices.

Near to residential areas for worker convenience.

To keep competition away from inner city.

Close to road networks for flexible transportation.

1

High unemployment in inner cities results in what cycle?

More jobs available for skilled workers.

Booming economy in inner city districts.

Reduced spending and loss of businesses leading to job loss.

Increased investment in local businesses.