IB GEO Urban Environments Key Words - Changing Urban Systems

Population decline in urban areas.

Urban areas losing residents often.

Suburban to rural migration.

Movement of people towards cities from rural areas.

Wealthier people modernizing homes in an area.

Poor neighborhoods improving without investment.

Industrial areas becoming rural.

Growth of public services in cities.

New residential areas on city outskirts.

Older industry, high-density housing, and urban decay.

Only parks and recreational spaces.

Predominantly high-income housing developments.

Economic opportunities in rural communities.

Government services that support urban living.

Attractions in urban areas drawing people in.

Negative conditions leading to out-migration from places.

Growth caused by immigration alone.

Result of more deaths than births.

Increase due to rural migration.

Population growth from higher birth rates than death rates.

High crime rates in urban areas.

Positive conditions attracting people to a new location.

Poor job opportunities in cities.

Negative features pushing people away.

Rural population decrease only.

Suburban expansion into rural lands.

Population movement from rural areas to urban spaces.

Movement of cities to rural areas.

Reurbanization

Suburbanization

Urban Sprawl

Counter Urbanization

Increased city pollution

Expansion of suburbs

People relocating to rural areas

People moving back to metropolitan areas

Increased rural farming land

Greater central city density

Urban sprawl

Population decline in cities

Decentralization and growth of periphery

Increased immigration to cities

Rapid urbanization

Revitalization of downtown areas

Center of the city area.

Completely rural area.

Area with many services.

Margin where town meets countryside.

No commuting necessary.

High population density.

Full urban services.

Limited functions; people commute to urban centers.

Planned city development.

Decreasing urban population density.

Concentration of services in cities.

Uncontrolled spread of urban areas into rural regions.

By commuting to major urban areas.

Living permanently in the city.

Using public transportation only.

By working locally in satellite towns.

Quaternary sector jobs

Agricultural jobs

Primary sector jobs

Manufacturing jobs

Margaret Thatcher

Winston Churchill

David Cameron

Tony Blair

Advanced technology

Low-cost labor

High wages

State protectionism

Socialist policies

Protectionist policies

Neo-liberal policies

Isolationist policies

Footloose and not bound by location factors.

Only located in inner cities.

Depend on government support to succeed.

Produce heavy products for easy transport.

Surge in high-tech industry jobs.

High population growth in the cities.

Closure of large employers causing high unemployment rates.

Increased spending in inner urban areas.

To be closer to government offices.

Near to residential areas for worker convenience.

To keep competition away from inner city.

Close to road networks for flexible transportation.

More jobs available for skilled workers.

Booming economy in inner city districts.

Reduced spending and loss of businesses leading to job loss.

Increased investment in local businesses.