S3W4 Review basics of stars - Gwyneth Lenfest | Laabri

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Define Prominences:

Another word for solar flares

Plumes of glowing gas coming from the the chromosphere

Magnetic streams of hot plasma.

Massive bursts of light coming from the sun

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What is Solar Wind?

A high-velocity stream of electrons that sweeps across the solar system

The leftover wind on earth spilling out into space

A flow of mainly hydrogen and helium that sweeps across the Solar System

Huge plumes of glowing gas that jut from the lower chromosphere into the corona

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What is the sun mostly made of?

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If the sun has an iron core, it is likely to be extremely small. Why is that?

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Our sun would sit on the H-R diagram in a stripe running from the lower right to the upper left. What is this stripe called?

Yellow dwarfs

normal stars

main sequence stars

young stars

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What happens when a star runs out of hydrogen to fuse?

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imagine pushing a kid on a sled. you are near the top of a small hill, if you can push a kid hard enough, the kid will go up to the top of the hill and then slide down the other side. You only get one big push, if you don't push hard enough, the kid will just go up the hill a bit and then slide back down towards you. In this case the potential barrier is

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Quantum tunnelling explains why fusion happens in stars despite the pressure and temperature being less than what is required to overcome the potential barrier between protons. The potential barrier refers to

the strong force between protons keeping the protons apart

The weak force between protons keeping the protons apart

the electromagnetic repulsive force between the protons keeping the protons apart

the gravitational force between protons keeping the protons apart

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does a star need more less gravity to fuse helium compared to hydrogen?

more

less

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Sunspots are dark because

They are cool relative to the gas around them

they contain 10x more iron as the surrounding region

nuclear reactions occur in them more slowly than in the surrounding gas

Clouds in the cool corona block our view of the hot photosphere

the gas within them is too hot to emit any light

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I'm just going to give the answer to that last one away. It's the first one. explain here various things wrong with the answer "they contain 10x more iron as the surrounding region"

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Explain what is wrong with the answer "nuclear reactions occur in them more slowly than in the surrounding gas"

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A star that is red and luminous must

be relatively cool and have a very large radius

be relatively hot and have a small radius

be relatively cool with a small radius

be relatively hot with a large radius

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Using data from the table below, and compare to an HR diagram. Which of the stars is a red giant?

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What is the relationship between mass and luminosity?

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In Math we talk about having 2 equations and 2 unknowns etc. If the number of unknowns is the same as the number of equations, you can sometimes find solutions. If there are more unknowns that equations, there will be infinite solutions. In astronomy, when learning about different types of stars we can use this. Our unknowns are things we cannot measure directly - Temperature, radius, distance, luminosity.
what is a list of things we can directly measure that can lead us to solve for these unknowns?

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Please don't try to look up this answer, just answer as best you can. I'm trying to ascertain what you already know, not whether you have done the reading properly. What is the life cycle of a star the size of our sun?