What do geologists call the chemical substances rocks are made of?
Which of the following is (mostly) made of a single substance?
What part of the geosphere is liquid?
Which layer of the geosphere is thinnest?
What is a tectonic plate a section of?
Which of the following does not cause continental drift?
How fast to tectonic plates move?
What is an “intrusive” igneous rock?
What type(s) of rock can form metamorphic rock?
Do minerals melt when metamorphic rock is formed?
What pH does normal rainwater have?
What types of rock can react with rainwater?
This question is about the geosphere.
Which of the following statements describes the geosphere?
Label the four main layers that make up the geosphere Layers: mantle, crust, inner and outer core
This is question is about the three types of rock found in the Earth’s crust.
Match each type of rock to the description of its structure.
| Draggable item | arrow_right_alt | Corresponding Item |
|---|---|---|
Igneous | arrow_right_alt | Cemented together grains |
Metamorphic | arrow_right_alt | Randomly arranged crystals |
Sedementary | arrow_right_alt | Crystals that are mostly arranged in bands |
Rocks are mixtures of chemical substances called minerals.
What is a mixture made of?
Minerals are chemical substances with 'giant structures'
Why do substances with giant structures have high melting points?
Silicon dioxide is a mineral with a melting point of 1700 OC. It is found in the Earth’s mantle. The top of the mantle has a temperature of 1400 OC. What state of matter will silicon dioxide be at 1400 OC?
This question is about the igneous rock granite.
Igneous rock can be formed from molten rock inside the crust or on the surface of the Earth.
Fill in the blanks to describe how igneous rock is formed.
Igneous rock is formed when molten rock
Word bank (words can be used once, twice or not at all): warms, cools, magma, lava, faster, slower
Granite is formed on the surface of the Earth.
Describe the structure of granite.
Granite can be transformed into the metamorphic rock gneiss.
Describe how metamorphic rock is formed inside the earth.
This question is about sedimentary rock.
Sediment can be formed from rocks by weathering and erosion.
Match up each term to its meaning.
| Draggable item | arrow_right_alt | Corresponding Item |
|---|---|---|
Sediment | arrow_right_alt | Breaking down of rock into smaller pieces in one place. |
Weathering | arrow_right_alt | small pieces of rock are moved by water, ice or air. |
Erosion | arrow_right_alt | Small pieces of solid moved and dropped in a new location. |
Rocks can be weathered by physical, chemical and biological processes. Decide if the example is of a chemical, physical or biological process and explain your answer. Some rocks can be weathered by normal rainwater. The rainwater reacts with certain minerals in the rock to form a salt that can dissolve away and carbon dioxide gas.
Decide if the example is of a chemical, physical or biological process and explain your answer.
Water can get into the cracks in rock. If the temperature drops below 0 oC it will freeze, expand and push on the rock. If this happens many times it can break the rock into smaller pieces.
Describe how sandstone is formed at the bottom of the sea.
You have been given sentence starters to help you.
A layer of sand grain sediment collected at the
Over millions of years the sediments became buried under
Water from the sea soaked into
The weight of the sediment layers above
The surface of the Earth is made of different “tectonic plates” which are huge slabs of the crust and upper mantle which move at roughly the speed that your fingernails grow. Scientists believe all the continents were once joined together. Describe three pieces of evidence that support the theory that continental were once all joined together.
Sedimentary rock can be formed at the bottom of the ocean over millions of years. Sandstone is a sedimentary rock made from sand grains by sedimentation, compaction and cementation.
Match the three words to their meanings.
| Draggable item | arrow_right_alt | Corresponding Item |
|---|---|---|
Cementation | arrow_right_alt | Layers of sediment collecting in one place |
Sedimentation | arrow_right_alt | Sediments getting squashed closer together |
Compaction | arrow_right_alt | Sediments becoming stuck together by minerals |
As the sediments compacted together dissolved minerals in the water
Crystallised minerals from the water
