Recognizing patterns allows us to predict future behavior. Weather experts use patterns to predict dangerous storms so people can get their families to safety. Political analysts use patterns to predict election outcomes. Similarly, chemists classify chemical equations according to their patterns to help predict products of unknown but similar chemical reactions.
The chemical equations in Model 1 contain the phase notations (s), (l), (g), and (aq). Match each symbol with its meaning.
| Draggable item | arrow_right_alt | Corresponding Item |
|---|---|---|
solid | arrow_right_alt | (aq) |
gas | arrow_right_alt | (l) |
liquid | arrow_right_alt | (s) |
Dissolved in water | arrow_right_alt | (g) |
Based on the examples provided, which set(s) of reactions in Model 1 typically involve ions in solution?
Based on the examples provided, which set(s) of reactions in Model 1 typically involve gases and/or solids?
Categorize the following as elements or compounds:
2 Fe2O3 (s)
H2O (l)
3 H2 (g)
MgCO3 (s)
3 O2 (g)
S8 (s)
2NaBr (aq)
4 Fe (s)
Elements
Compounds
Which of the following would be classified as "ionic compounds dissolved in water"?
Match each description below to one of the reaction sets
| Draggable item | arrow_right_alt | Corresponding Item |
|---|---|---|
Part of an ionic compound is removed and replaced by a new element | arrow_right_alt | Set D |
Two or more elements or compounds combine to form one product | arrow_right_alt | Set B |
Ionic compounds dissolved in water switch partners | arrow_right_alt | Set A |
One compound breaks into elements or smaller compounds | arrow_right_alt | Set C |
Define the following term in your own words: Synthesis
Define the following term in your own words: Decomposition
Define the following term in your own words: Replacement
The four sets of chemical reactions shown in Model 1 have the following general names. Decide which name belongs to which set of chemical reactions.
| Draggable item | arrow_right_alt | Corresponding Item |
|---|---|---|
Double Replacement | arrow_right_alt | Set A |
Single Replacement | arrow_right_alt | Set D |
Synethsis | arrow_right_alt | Set B |
Decomposition | arrow_right_alt | Set C |
FeCl3 + Zn --> Fe + ZnCl2
Which of the following is a PRODUCT for the reaction above?
Can two elements be used as reactants for a synthesis reactions? If yes, give at least one example from Model 1 to support your answer.
Can two compounds be used as reactants for a synthesis reaction? If yes, give at least one example from Model 1 to support your answer.
What types of substances (elements or compounds) are seen in the products of decomposition reactions? Use examples from Model 1 to support your answer.
In single replacement reactions, do any of the atoms change their charge? If yes, use an example from Model 1 to describe the changes that take place.
Hint: When an element is all alone, it has a charge of zero. It only has a charge when it is in a compound.
In double replacement reactions, do any of the atoms change their charge? Use an example from Model 1 to support your answer
Choose one example from the set of synthesis reactions in Model 1. Write the chemical reaction in reverse.
(Make the products the reactants)
For the reaction your wrote in reverse for the previous question, what type of reaction is it now?
Classify the following reaction:
K2O (s) + H2O (l) --> KOH (aq)
Classify the following reaction:
2MgCl2 (aq) + Na2CO3 (aq) --> 2NaCl (aq) + MgCO3 (s)
Classify the following reaction:
2Al2O3 (s) --> 4Al (s) + 3O2 (g)
Classify the following reaction:
Cu(NO3)2 (aq) + Zn(s) → Cu(s) + Zn(NO3)2 (aq)
Classify the following reaction:
H2SO4 (aq) + 2NaOH(aq) → Na2SO4 (aq) + 2H2O(l)
Classify the following reaction:
2K(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2KOH(aq) + H2 (g)
Classify the following reaction:
2O2 (g) + N2 (g) → N2O4 (g)
Classify the following reaction:
2NaF(s) → 2Na(s) + F2 (g)
New Fun Fact! There are seven elements who are labeled as "diatomic". These seven elements can never be alone with only one atom, instead they will always be found in a pair if they are not in a compound. The seven elements are Hydrogen (H2), Nitrogen (N2), Oxygen (O2), Fluorine (F2), Chlorine (Cl2), Bromine (Br2), and Iodine (I2).
For example, you have seen the synthesis of water as 2H2 + O2 --> 2 H2O. The reason you cannot just say H2 + O --> H2O is because both oxygen and hydrogen are diatomic elements.
What is the correct formula for magnesium oxide? Hint: Magnesium oxide is an ionic compound.
What is the correct formula for the element oxygen? Hint: Think about the new fun fact you learned!
A student writes the following incorrect chemical equation for the synthesis of magnesium oxide:
Mg + O2 → MgO2
Explain why this student is incorrect.
A student writes the following incorrect chemical equation for the synthesis of magnesium oxide:
Mg + O → MgO
Explain why this student is incorrect.
Write the correct balanced chemical equation for the synthesis of magnesium oxide.
Put the following ions in the correct group
F
Li
Br
Na
OH
Forms a cation
Forms an anion
A student writes the following incorrect chemical equation for a single replacement reaction between lithium bromide and fluorine.
2LiBr(aq) + F2 (g) → 2Li(s) + 2FBr(g)
In a single replacement reaction, part of an ionic compound is removed and replaced by a new element. What element will fluorine replace in lithium bromide? Hint: What is the most common ionic form of fluorine?
A student writes the following incorrect chemical equation for a single replacement reaction between lithium bromide and fluorine.
2LiBr(aq) + F2 (g) → 2Li(s) + 2FBr(g)
What is wrong with the student’s prediction of the products in the above reaction?
Predict the products for the single replacement reaction between lithium bromide and fluorine.
Write the correct balanced equation for the single replacement reaction between lithium bromide and fluorine.
What is the charge of sodium?
What is the charge of bromide?
What is the formula for iron (III) bromide?
What is the formula for sodium bromide?
A student writes the following incorrect chemical equation for a double replacement reaction between iron(III) bromide and sodium hydroxide solutions.
FeBr3 (aq) + NaOH(aq) → FeOH(s) + NaBr3 (aq)
What is wrong with the chemical formula(s) of the product(s) predicted by this student?
A student writes the following incorrect chemical equation for a double replacement reaction between iron(III) bromide and sodium hydroxide solutions.
FeBr3 (aq) + NaOH(aq) → FeOH(s) + NaBr3 (aq)
Write the correct balanced equation for the double replacement reaction between iron(III) bromide and sodium hydroxide.