The graphs below show the reaction rate for an enzyme across a range of temperatures and pH.
*click on the graph to enlarge
Based on the data, this enzyme functions best at what temperature and pH?
Resistance to antibiotics results from variations in the genetic code of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Which type of molecule encodes genetic information in Streptococcus pneumoniae?
Look at the DNA sequence: GAA-TTC-GCA What do the G and A represent in the DNA sequence?
Because of base pairing in DNA, the percentage of
In human DNA, there is approximately 30% adenine. What percentage of this DNA will be cytosine?
What is the monomer of a nucleic acid such as DNA and RNA?
A scientist is doing an experiment to identify different molecules. Some components of these molecules are listed in this table.
*click the table to enlarge
Which of the four molecules is DNA, based on the table above?
The image below pictures the Central Dogma or flow of information inside of a cell.
Which processes shown in this diagram occur in the nucleus?
Process 2 is known as .
DNA replication is semiconservative and therefore results in two DNA molecules
In 1976, the enzyme DNA helicase was discovered. DNA helicase breaks bonds between nitrogenous bases.
Which statement BEST describes how the discovery of DNA helicase furthered the understanding of DNA replication?
The cellular process of creating two new DNA molecules from one original copy is called replication. Which statement is the BEST description of this process?
Four different segments of a DNA molecule are represented below.
There is an error in the DNA of which molecule?
Some events that take place during the synthesis of a specific protein are listed below. The correct order of these events is which of the following:
The first step should be at the *top*
DNA serves as a template for RNA production.
Messenger RNA attaches to a ribosome.
Amino acids are bonded together to form polypeptide chain.
Transfer RNA bonds to a specific codon.
RNA moves from the nucleus to the cytoplasm.
The DNA code for normal hemoglobin contains the following segment: TGC-GGA-CTC-CTC Which of these is the mRNA code for this segment of DNA?
Which description explains the role of the tRNA in the process shown in the diagrams above?
A scientist put nucleotide chains of UUUUUU in a test tube under conditions allowing protein synthesis. Soon the test tube is full of polypeptide chains composed only of the amino acid phenylalanine. What does this experiment indicate?
The sequence of DNA below is part of a gene. How many amino acids are coded for by the segment shown below? ATCAGCGCTGGC
The table below illustrates a mutation that occurred during DNA replication. If your DNA went from:
What type of mutation occurred?
Which of the following would most likely cause a mutation?
*click to enlarge
Using the following mRNA template, AUG-CAU-UGC-GAC-UAA, what would be the amino acid sequence coded for by the mRNA?
(First amino acids at the top)
STOP
Cys
His
Asp
Met
After conducting several tests, a scientist determines that the nucleic acid they are studying has the following characteristics:
What is the BEST conclusion the scientists can make based on the observations above?
Pancreatic cells are responsible for producing insulin, a protein that regulates glucose levels in the bloodstream. Many cell organelles are involved in the creation and transport of insulin. Construct an explanation of the interactions that occur between the organelles to produce insulin.
The DNA in the provides instructions for creating insulin. These instructions are carried by the mRNA to the where insulin is formed. The insulin protein is then folded and transported by the to the . Here insulin is modified and packaged in the membrane-bound vesicles that travel to the to be secreted out of the cell through exocytosis.
In gel electrophoresis a DNA sample from an unknown donor is placed in a small well at one end of a special gel-coated plate. Samples from known donors are placed in other wells on the plate. An electric current is passed through the plate, causing the DNA fragments to separate. The size and location of the separated fragments can be compared for similarities. The more similar the locations and sizes of the fragments, the more closely the donors of the samples are related. The diagram shows four samples being compared with an unknown sample.
The donor of which sample is most closely related to the donor of the unknown sample?
The graph below shows the rate of alcoholic fermentation for yeast at different temperatures.
*Click on the graph to enlarge.
According to the graph, what is the relationship between the rate of fermentation and temperature?
A biologist ground up some plant cells and then purified the mixture. She obtained some organelles from the mixture in the test tube. Upon further analysis, it was found that the organelles took up carbon dioxide (CO2) and released oxygen (O2). The organelles are most likely
Which of the following would indicate that facilitated diffusion was taking place?
During DNA replication, helicase is used to break the hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases while DNA polymerase is used to assemble the nucleotides on the new DNA strand. Helicase and DNA polymerase are both examples of
What is the complement to the DNA strand shown below?
TAT - TAG - ATT - ACA
Enzymes in the human body have an optimum temperature around 98.7 degrees Fahrenheit. When a human has a bacterial or viral infection sometimes they run a fever. A fever is designed to assist the immune system in functioning to rid the body of disease. However, when a fever becomes too high there are consequences to the enzymes within the brain. This graph shows that action:
*click graph to enlarge
Choose the best argument using evidence for why a fever of 100.2 degrees would not cause an enzyme to cease function.
Students are investigating DNA replication in a variety of cells. The record the following observations.
Based on these results, what type of cell are the students studying?
Match the correct name to each letter shown in the picture above.
| Stavka koja se može prevući | arrow_right_alt | Odgovarajuća stavka |
|---|---|---|
C | arrow_right_alt | substrate (reactants) |
E | arrow_right_alt | enzyme |
B | arrow_right_alt | enzyme-substrate complex |
A | arrow_right_alt | product |
Using the codon chart above and your knowledge of biology, determine the best explanation as to what went wrong when a student tried to transcribe and translate the codons below: DNA: TAC TCG CCC
mRNA: AUG AGC GGG
amino acids: Met-Ser-Pro
Using the codon chart above, which of the following changes would be expected if a CAUUUG sequence of bases mutated to CAGUUG?
Which statement could explain the data shown in the graph?
