Biology EOC Practice Test

Last updated about 1 year ago

28 questions

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Biology EOC Practice Test

Last updated about 1 year ago

28 questions

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If the precipitation levels observed in year ‘09 remain the same and other resources remain constant, identify and describe what can be predicted to occur with the population of Species B over the next 6 years.

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The region of DNA indicated in the diagram is called a__________. I tcontains instructions that code for__________.

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__________ is a process by which cells begin to change and become specific types of cells. A group of similar cells working together to perform a specific function is a(n) __________.

Human body temperature is 98.6oF and must be maintained for proper function of human body systems. Thermal homeostasis is the ability of an organism to maintain its stable internal body temperature. When it is cold, one way the human body maintains normal temperature is to constrict blood vessels to conserve heat and to prevent sweat glands from secreting fluid. Other mammals maintain body temperature in cold climates in different ways. Otters maintain body temperature by trapping air pockets in their thick fur which insulates them from the cold. Harbor seals retain their heat with a thick layer of fat under the skin which insulates them from the cold. During an oil spill in a cold climate, sea otters have been found to be less likely to survive than harbor seals.

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Draggable item		Corresponding Item

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In the 1800’s, wolves were top predators in Yellowstone National Park. As humans moved westward, wolf populations were negatively impacted. Human expansion decreased their available prey. Human agricultural practices introduced livestock, which were easy prey for wolves. Humans protected their livestock and intentionally eliminated the wolves. By the mid-1900’s, no wolf packs lived in Yellowstone National Park. This left the park with few top predators. As a result, elk overgrazed young willow and cottonwood trees that stabilized riverbanks. This caused increased erosion, which filled rivers with silt. Fish populations declined as a result of the additional silt in the rivers and populations of animals that depended upon fish also declined. With a drop in cottonwood and willow trees, songbird and beaver populations lost potential habitat and materials needed to construct habitat. Fewer beaver dams resulted in fewer small, still ponds which fish use to reproduce and grow to adulthood. In 1995, wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park.

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If the precipitation levels observed in year ‘09 remain the same and other resources remain constant, identify and describe what can be predicted to occur with the population of Species B over the next 6 years.

What evidence supports common ancestry between two species? Select all that apply.

living in the same biome

growing to the same size

having similar anatomical structure

finding fossil evidence of each species

determining their DNA sequences are quite similar

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The region of DNA indicated in the diagram is called a__________. I tcontains instructions that code for__________.

The black-tailed jackrabbit lives in the desert. These rabbits maintain their body temperature by releasing heat through their long ears. If global temperatures continue to rise, what change would be expected in this rabbit species over time?

Rabbits with longer ears would have an advantage and be more likely to survive.

Rabbits with lighter-colored ears would have an advantage and be more likely to survive.

Individual rabbits will grow longer ears during their lifetimes and pass these traits on to their offspring.

Individual rabbits will acquire other adaptations during their lifetimes and pass these traits on to their offspring.

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1

__________ is a process by which cells begin to change and become specific types of cells. A group of similar cells working together to perform a specific function is a(n) __________.

Human body temperature is 98.6oF and must be maintained for proper function of human body systems. Thermal homeostasis is the ability of an organism to maintain its stable internal body temperature. When it is cold, one way the human body maintains normal temperature is to constrict blood vessels to conserve heat and to prevent sweat glands from secreting fluid. Other mammals maintain body temperature in cold climates in different ways. Otters maintain body temperature by trapping air pockets in their thick fur which insulates them from the cold. Harbor seals retain their heat with a thick layer of fat under the skin which insulates them from the cold. During an oil spill in a cold climate, sea otters have been found to be less likely to survive than harbor seals.

The column on the left contains responses of the body. The column on the right lists systems of the body. Match the response to the corresponding body system. Options may be used more than once.

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
Brain recognizes temperature drop		Muscular System
Sweat glands produce less fluid		Circulatory System
Body begins to shiver		Endocrine System
Blood Vessels constrict		Nervous System

Which statement correctly describes macromolecules?

Nitrogen is essential for carbohydrate formation

Lipids are water-loving molecules critical for cell functions.

Most macromolecules contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Repeating units, called amino acids, contain phosphorus and are used to build nucleic acids

A student examined an unknown molecule that contained carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. No additional elements were found in the molecule.

Which type of molecule was examined?

protein

nucleotide

triglyceride

carbohydrate

Two different fish species, the Arctic cod and Antarctic toothfish, are separated by great distance. Although they are not genetically related, both produce a similar protein that prevents them from freezing in cold waters. What is the best explanation for the similarities between these two fish?

Individuals with favorable genetic mutations were able to survive cold waters

The introduction of a new predator caused the fish to move into deeper, colder waters.

The cod and toothfish share a recent, common ancestor, and therefore similar genomes.

Climate change is increasing the water’s temperature and preventing the fish from freezing

A variety of evidence suggests common ancestry of living things. Which pieces of evidence support common ancestry? Select all that apply

Scientists have discovered fossils that demonstrate a transition from one animal group to another.

Closely related species share more of the same amino acid sequences than more distantly related species.

Organisms that live in the same location grow to the same size and have the same adaptations for survival.

Body structures no longer useful in a species demonstrate that species will mutate into new species over time.

Adult body forms of various species appear unique but similar structures are observed during embryological development.

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1

Asian carp, an invasive species, were introduced accidentally into Missouri aquatic ecosystems. Both the Asian carp and the native paddlefish are plankton feeders. After the introduction of Asian carp, the paddlefish populations immediately began to decline. Based on the information provided, why is the native paddlefish population declining? Select all that apply.

They occupy the same niche as the Asian carp

Native paddlefish compete for the same food as the Asian carp.

The introduction of Asian carp caused a drop in water temperatures.

Native paddlefish populations are declining as a result of increased human consumption.

The introduction of Asian carp limited the locations where native paddlefish can hide from predators

There are two variations of a species of peppered moth. One is a very light gray and the other is black. All of the moths live on trees with white bark. What is most likely to lead to more black moths and fewer gray moths?

Drought kills many of the trees.

A contagious disease kills many of the moths.

Air pollution stains the tree bark a darker color.

New predators are introduced and eat more moths.

In the 1800’s, wolves were top predators in Yellowstone National Park. As humans moved westward, wolf populations were negatively impacted. Human expansion decreased their available prey. Human agricultural practices introduced livestock, which were easy prey for wolves. Humans protected their livestock and intentionally eliminated the wolves. By the mid-1900’s, no wolf packs lived in Yellowstone National Park. This left the park with few top predators. As a result, elk overgrazed young willow and cottonwood trees that stabilized riverbanks. This caused increased erosion, which filled rivers with silt. Fish populations declined as a result of the additional silt in the rivers and populations of animals that depended upon fish also declined. With a drop in cottonwood and willow trees, songbird and beaver populations lost potential habitat and materials needed to construct habitat. Fewer beaver dams resulted in fewer small, still ponds which fish use to reproduce and grow to adulthood. In 1995, wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park.

Required

1

Why were wolves reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park? In addition, provide two pieces of evidence that would show the wolf reintroduction successfully improved overall ecosystem health within Yellowstone National Park.

Some cells contain two copies of each chromosome, and some cells contain only one copy of each chromosome. Which types of cells contain two copies of each chromosome?

Select all that apply.

As a zygote divides to form new cells, groups of cells specialize to carry out functions that are essential to the organism. What causes cells to differentiate into specialized cells?

the activation of specific genes

the activation of specific tissues

the activation of specific sex cells

the activation of specific amino acids

Which human activity would decrease the biodiversity of a wetland ?

wetland: an area of land saturated by water, similar to a swamp or marsh

adding a drainage system

cleaning pollution out of the water

reintroducing native aquatic plants

restricting the use of water on farmland

Recessive disorders can be passed onto offspring even if neither parent exhibits the trait. Which explanation below would best explain how this is possible?

Both parents are carry the recessive allele for the trait

One parent carries the recessive allele for the trait

Mutation may result in the trait occurring in the offspring

One parents carries two recessive alleles for the trait

On the left (1-4), label the pyramid with the correct order of organisms. On the right (5-8), add the correct energy levels. 

Complete the chart.

	Sexual Reproduction	Asexual Reproduction
Involves 1 parent
Creates genetically different offspring
Creates offspring with little genetic variation
Requires fertilization of two different, haploid cells in order to produce viable offspring
Reproduction via meiosis
Reproduction via mitosis

Using the following DNA sequence, determine the correct amino acids. 

DNA: AGG  AGA  GGG  ATG  CGT
AA:  Ser __________ Pro  Tyr  __________

DNA TCA
mRNA AGU
AA Ser

What mRNA codon would produce the same amino acid?

UGC

AGA

UCG

UGA

If the drought continued, what is a reasonable expectation for the distribution of beak depths in the bird species?

One hundred percent of the population will have a beak depth of 10.5 mm instead of 10.0 mm.

Sixteen percent of the population will have a beak depth of 9 mm instead of only 4% of the population with 9 mm.

Ten percent of the population will have a beak depth of 9 mm and 16% of the population will have a beak depth of 13 mm.

Sixteen percent of the population will have a beak depth of 10 mm and 3% of the population will have a beak depth of 9 mm.

Which explanation describes the predicted pattern of beak change due to continued drought?

Dry conditions will cause the extinction of smaller beaked birds and therefore a new species of birds will arise in the environment

Dry conditions do not appear to favor birds of any particular beak depth and therefore the populations will hover equally around the mean beak depth.

Dry conditions favor birds with larger beak depths so the proportion of the population with larger beak depths will increase and smaller beak depths will decrease

Dry conditions favor birds with smaller beak depths, which will reproduce with greater frequency and increase the proportion of smaller beak depths within the population.

Which claim is best supported by the data?

As annual precipitation increases, the populations of Species A and B increase.

As annual precipitation increases, the populations of Species A and B decrease.

As annual precipitation increases, the population of Species A increases while Species B decreases.

As annual precipitation increases, the population of Species A decreases while Species B increases.

What evidence supports common ancestry between two species? Select all that apply.

living in the same biome

growing to the same size

having similar anatomical structure

finding fossil evidence of each species

determining their DNA sequences are quite similar

The black-tailed jackrabbit lives in the desert. These rabbits maintain their body temperature by releasing heat through their long ears. If global temperatures continue to rise, what change would be expected in this rabbit species over time?

Rabbits with longer ears would have an advantage and be more likely to survive.

Rabbits with lighter-colored ears would have an advantage and be more likely to survive.

Individual rabbits will grow longer ears during their lifetimes and pass these traits on to their offspring.

Individual rabbits will acquire other adaptations during their lifetimes and pass these traits on to their offspring.

Which best explains why sea otters are less likely than harbor seals to maintain homeostasis after an oil spill?

The layer of oil on sea otters encourages greater heat loss.

The layer of oil on sea otters interferes with reproductive abilities.

Oil penetrates the air pockets in sea otters’ fur which they use for insulation and temperature regulation.

Oil penetrates the air pockets in sea otters’ fur which interferes with their ability to be buoyant and stay above the water line.

A student walks to school in the morning when the outside temperature is 60oF. When the same student walks home after school, the outside temperature has dropped to 35oF. In this situation, how is thermal homeostasis maintained?

The student’s heart rate drops as a negative feedback mechanism to deliver less oxygen to the lungs

The student begins to sweat as a positive feedback mechanism to reduce the core body temperature.

The student begins to shiver as a negative feedback mechanism to increase the core body temperature

The student’s breathing rate slows as a positive feedback mechanism to deliver more oxygen to the lungs.

The column on the left contains responses of the body. The column on the right lists systems of the body. Match the response to the corresponding body system. Options may be used more than once.

Brain recognizes temperature drop

Muscular System

Sweat glands produce less fluid

Circulatory System 

Body begins to shiver

Endocrine System 

Blood Vessels constrict

Nervous System 

Which statement correctly describes macromolecules?

Nitrogen is essential for carbohydrate formation

Lipids are water-loving molecules critical for cell functions.

Most macromolecules contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

Repeating units, called amino acids, contain phosphorus and are used to build nucleic acids

A student examined an unknown molecule that contained carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. No additional elements were found in the molecule. 

Which type of molecule was examined?

protein

nucleotide

triglyceride

carbohydrate

Two different fish species, the Arctic cod and Antarctic toothfish, are separated by great distance. Although they are not genetically related, both produce a similar protein that prevents them from freezing in cold waters. What is the best explanation for the similarities between these two fish?

Individuals with favorable genetic mutations were able to survive cold waters

The introduction of a new predator caused the fish to move into deeper, colder waters.

The cod and toothfish share a recent, common ancestor, and therefore similar genomes.

Climate change is increasing the water’s temperature and preventing the fish from freezing

A variety of evidence suggests common ancestry of living things. Which pieces of evidence support common ancestry? Select all that apply

Scientists have discovered fossils that demonstrate a transition from one animal group to another.

Closely related species share more of the same amino acid sequences than more distantly related species.

Organisms that live in the same location grow to the same size and have the same adaptations for survival.

Body structures no longer useful in a species demonstrate that species will mutate into new species over time.

Adult body forms of various species appear unique but similar structures are observed during embryological development.

What contributed to the natural selection of the finches’ beaks? Select all that apply.

Eating tough seeds made their beaks thicker.

There was an abundance of food available for all finches.

Genetic variation for beak size existed within the population.

Certain beak shapes were better suited for different food sources.

Reproduction increased in individuals who located enough food.

The first albino deer born in a population was most likely due to

exposure to chemicals after birth.

mutation in a parent body cell.

a mutation in the DNA of a gamete.

exposure to environmental changes.

Asian carp, an invasive species, were introduced accidentally into Missouri aquatic ecosystems. Both the Asian carp and the native paddlefish are plankton feeders. After the introduction of Asian carp, the paddlefish populations immediately began to decline. Based on the information provided, why is the native paddlefish population declining? Select all that apply.

They occupy the same niche as the Asian carp

Native paddlefish compete for the same food as the Asian carp.

The introduction of Asian carp caused a drop in water temperatures.

Native paddlefish populations are declining as a result of increased human consumption.

The introduction of Asian carp limited the locations where native paddlefish can hide from predators

There are two variations of a species of peppered moth. One is a very light gray and the other is black. All of the moths live on trees with white bark. What is most likely to lead to more black moths and fewer gray moths?

Drought kills many of the trees.

A contagious disease kills many of the moths.

Air pollution stains the tree bark a darker color.

New predators are introduced and eat more moths.

Why were wolves reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park? In addition, provide two pieces of evidence that would show the wolf reintroduction successfully improved overall ecosystem health within Yellowstone National Park.

Some cells contain two copies of each chromosome, and some cells contain only one copy of each chromosome. Which types of cells contain two copies of each chromosome? 

Select all that apply.

egg cell

skin cell

body cell

blood cell 

sperm cell 

As a zygote divides to form new cells, groups of cells specialize to carry out functions that are essential to the organism. What causes cells to differentiate into specialized cells?

the activation of specific genes

the activation of specific tissues

the activation of specific sex cells

the activation of specific amino acids

Which human activity would decrease the biodiversity of a wetland ?

wetland: an area of land saturated by water, similar to a swamp or marsh

adding a drainage system

cleaning pollution out of the water

reintroducing native aquatic plants

restricting the use of water on farmland

Recessive disorders can be passed onto offspring even if neither parent exhibits the trait. Which explanation below would best explain how this is possible? 

Both parents are carry the recessive allele for the trait

One parent carries the recessive allele for the trait

Mutation may result in the trait occurring in the offspring

One parents carries two recessive alleles for the trait

On the left (1-4), label the pyramid with the correct order of organisms. On the right (5-8), add the correct energy levels. 

Complete the chart. 

Sexual Reproduction

Asexual Reproduction

Involves 1 parent

Creates genetically different offspring

Creates offspring with little genetic variation

Requires fertilization of two different, haploid cells in order to produce viable offspring

Reproduction via meiosis

Reproduction via mitosis

DNA          TCA
mRNA      AGU
AA             Ser

What mRNA codon would produce the same amino acid? 

UGC

AGA

UCG

UGA

If the drought continued, what is a reasonable expectation for the distribution of beak depths in the bird species?

One hundred percent of the population will have a beak depth of 10.5 mm instead of 10.0 mm.

Sixteen percent of the population will have a beak depth of 9 mm instead of only 4% of the population with 9 mm.

Ten percent of the population will have a beak depth of 9 mm and 16% of the population will have a beak depth of 13 mm.

Sixteen percent of the population will have a beak depth of 10 mm and 3% of the population will have a beak depth of 9 mm.

Which explanation describes the predicted pattern of beak change due to continued drought?

Dry conditions will cause the extinction of smaller beaked birds and therefore a new species of birds will arise in the environment

Dry conditions do not appear to favor birds of any particular beak depth and therefore the populations will hover equally around the mean beak depth.

Dry conditions favor birds with larger beak depths so the proportion of the population with larger beak depths will increase and smaller beak depths will decrease

Dry conditions favor birds with smaller beak depths, which will reproduce with greater frequency and increase the proportion of smaller beak depths within the population.

Which claim is best supported by the data?

As annual precipitation increases, the populations of Species A and B increase.

As annual precipitation increases, the populations of Species A and B decrease.

As annual precipitation increases, the population of Species A increases while Species B decreases.

As annual precipitation increases, the population of Species A decreases while Species B increases.

Which best explains why sea otters are less likely than harbor seals to maintain homeostasis after an oil spill?

The layer of oil on sea otters encourages greater heat loss.

The layer of oil on sea otters interferes with reproductive abilities.

Oil penetrates the air pockets in sea otters’ fur which they use for insulation and temperature regulation.

Oil penetrates the air pockets in sea otters’ fur which interferes with their ability to be buoyant and stay above the water line.

A student walks to school in the morning when the outside temperature is 60oF. When the same student walks home after school, the outside temperature has dropped to 35oF. In this situation, how is thermal homeostasis maintained?

The student’s heart rate drops as a negative feedback mechanism to deliver less oxygen to the lungs

The student begins to sweat as a positive feedback mechanism to reduce the core body temperature.

The student begins to shiver as a negative feedback mechanism to increase the core body temperature

The student’s breathing rate slows as a positive feedback mechanism to deliver more oxygen to the lungs.

What contributed to the natural selection of the finches’ beaks? Select all that apply.

Eating tough seeds made their beaks thicker.

There was an abundance of food available for all finches.

Genetic variation for beak size existed within the population.

Certain beak shapes were better suited for different food sources.

Reproduction increased in individuals who located enough food.

The first albino deer born in a population was most likely due to

exposure to chemicals after birth.

mutation in a parent body cell.

a mutation in the DNA of a gamete.

exposure to environmental changes.

Biology EOC Practice Test

Biology EOC Practice Test

If the precipitation levels observed in year ‘09 remain the same and other resources remain constant, identify and describe what can be predicted to occur with the population of Species B over the next 6 years.

If the precipitation levels observed in year ‘09 remain the same and other resources remain constant, identify and describe what can be predicted to occur with the population of Species B over the next 6 years.

What evidence supports common ancestry between two species? Select all that apply.

The black-tailed jackrabbit lives in the desert. These rabbits maintain their body temperature by releasing heat through their long ears. If global temperatures continue to rise, what change would be expected in this rabbit species over time?

The column on the left contains responses of the body. The column on the right lists systems of the body. Match the response to the corresponding body system. Options may be used more than once.

Which statement correctly describes macromolecules?

A student examined an unknown molecule that contained carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. No additional elements were found in the molecule. Which type of molecule was examined?

Two different fish species, the Arctic cod and Antarctic toothfish, are separated by great distance. Although they are not genetically related, both produce a similar protein that prevents them from freezing in cold waters. What is the best explanation for the similarities between these two fish?

A variety of evidence suggests common ancestry of living things. Which pieces of evidence support common ancestry? Select all that apply

There are two variations of a species of peppered moth. One is a very light gray and the other is black. All of the moths live on trees with white bark. What is most likely to lead to more black moths and fewer gray moths?

Why were wolves reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park? In addition, provide two pieces of evidence that would show the wolf reintroduction successfully improved overall ecosystem health within Yellowstone National Park.

Some cells contain two copies of each chromosome, and some cells contain only one copy of each chromosome. Which types of cells contain two copies of each chromosome? Select all that apply.

As a zygote divides to form new cells, groups of cells specialize to carry out functions that are essential to the organism. What causes cells to differentiate into specialized cells?

Which human activity would decrease the biodiversity of a wetland ?wetland: an area of land saturated by water, similar to a swamp or marsh

Recessive disorders can be passed onto offspring even if neither parent exhibits the trait. Which explanation below would best explain how this is possible?

Complete the chart.

DNA TCAmRNA AGUAA SerWhat mRNA codon would produce the same amino acid?

If the drought continued, what is a reasonable expectation for the distribution of beak depths in the bird species?

Which explanation describes the predicted pattern of beak change due to continued drought?

Which claim is best supported by the data?

Which best explains why sea otters are less likely than harbor seals to maintain homeostasis after an oil spill?

A student walks to school in the morning when the outside temperature is 60oF. When the same student walks home after school, the outside temperature has dropped to 35oF. In this situation, how is thermal homeostasis maintained?

What contributed to the natural selection of the finches’ beaks? Select all that apply.

The first albino deer born in a population was most likely due to

Why were wolves reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park? In addition, provide two pieces of evidence that would show the wolf reintroduction successfully improved overall ecosystem health within Yellowstone National Park.

A student examined an unknown molecule that contained carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. No additional elements were found in the molecule.

Which type of molecule was examined?

Some cells contain two copies of each chromosome, and some cells contain only one copy of each chromosome. Which types of cells contain two copies of each chromosome?

Select all that apply.

Which human activity would decrease the biodiversity of a wetland ?

wetland: an area of land saturated by water, similar to a swamp or marsh

DNA TCA
mRNA AGU
AA Ser

What mRNA codon would produce the same amino acid?