How do the phenotypes of the moths compare between Birmingham and Dorset in 1956?
Question 4
4.
What caused some moths to be black?
Question 5
5.
What event caused the change in phenotype frequencies of the moths in the 1950s?
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Question 9
9.
Using the pedigree above, what is the correct genotype of moth A.
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Background:
Milk contains the important Vitamin D that helps our body to absorb calcium to create strong bones and a strong immune system. Milk also has the sugar lactose in it. Vitamin D can also be obtained by the skin’s exposure to the sun creating chemical reaction synthesizing Vitamin D.
In most parts of the world adults are unable to drink milk because after weaning off breast milk their body switches off the gene that creates the enzyme(protein) to digest lactose. This leads to bloating, cramps, gas, diarrhea, or vomiting. In the past 5,000 to 10,000 years European adults that can drink milk due to their genes not switching off have had a strong selective advantage. Review the following data pieces before answering the Reasoning of the CER. The Claim and Evidence is done for you.Driving Question:Why are more European adults seen to have the lactose gene still active than those that live closer to the equator?
CLAIM: More European adults have the lactose gene switched on.
EVIDENCE
- Figure 1 shows less UV rays in Europe than by
the equator.
- Figure 2 shows human skin color is lighter in
Europe than by the equator.
- Figure 3 shows that people that can digest
lactose is higher in Europe than by the
equator.
- Figure 4 shows UV light is needed to hit the
skin to synthesize(make) Vitamin D that the
body needs.
- Vitamin D can be acquired through drinking
milk or by UV rays causing a chemical
reaction in skin.
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Question 11
11.
Reasoning: (Connect the background info and maps. How does it all support the claim?)
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Complete the sequences below by transcribing the DNA and translating the mRNA into amino acids on the Testing Supplement Sheet. A transcription diagram and translation amino acid code chart are provided to you the the Testing Supplement Sheet.
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Use the information and figures provided on this exam, as well as your knowledge of melanin, genetics, and natural selection to answer the questions below.
Question 22
22.
Driving Question:
How did the Albinism trait appear in the moth population?
MAKE A CLAIM:
Question 23
23.
Driving Question:
How did the Albinism trait appear in the moth population?
PROVIDE EVIDENCE:
Provide two pieces of evidence to support the claim you have made. (Remember evidence is facts and figures. Do not explain until your reasoning section.)
Question 24
24.
Driving Question:
How did the Albinism trait appear in the moth population?
PROVIDE REASONING:
Explain how your evidence has led you to your claim. For full credit include the words: protein, structure, and function.
(Ex: Evidence 1 and evidence 2 supports my claim that _____ because...)
Question 6
6.
What is the selective pressure on the moth population causing the dark phenotype to become more common?
Question 7
7.
Dark color (D) is dominant to light color (d) in moths. If a purebred dark moth and a purebred light moth reproduced, what would be the resulting phenotype frequencies of their offspring? (Complete a Punnett Square)
Question 8
8.
Dark color (D) is dominant to light color (d) in moths. If two heterozygous moths reproduced, what would be the resulting genotype frequencies of their offspring? (Complete a Punnett Square)
Question 10
10.
Using the pedigree above, what is the correct genotype of moth B.
Question 12
12.
What does the Figure 2 represent?
Question 13
13.
How many pairs of chromosomes does this individual have?
Question 14
14.
Is the individual represented in the photo a male or female?
Question 15
15.
Which genetic disorder does this individual have?
Question 16
16.
What type of mutation caused the dark allele?
Question 17
17.
What type of mutation caused the albino allele?
Question 18
18.
How will this mutation affect the protein for the albino allele?
Question 19
19.
What effect has the dark allele mutation had on the structure of the protein?
Question 20
20.
What seems to be the function of this protein?
Question 21
21.
In humans, melanin functions to protect our skin from U.V. radiation. What seems to be the function of melanin in the moths?
