Lesson 2 - El Niño–Southern Oscillation and La Niña Cycles - GEHU

Order the following sentences to describe the cause and consequences of El Nino

1. It is caused by weakened trade winds, which allow warm water to move eastward towards South America. (Explain the cause.)
2. El Niño is a climate phenomenon that occurs in the Pacific Ocean every 2 to 7 years.
3. El Niño often brings heavy rainfall and flooding to the west coast of South America.
4. Scientists monitor sea surface temperatures and atmospheric pressure changes to predict El Niño events.
5. The economic impacts of El Niño can include damage to agriculture, infrastructure, and fishing industries.
6. As a result, normal weather patterns are disrupted, affecting rainfall and temperatures worldwide. (Explain the global impact.)
7. This leads to a rise in sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean.
8. Conversely, it can cause droughts and wildfires in Australia and Southeast Asia.
9. It can disrupt marine ecosystems by reducing nutrients in the ocean, affecting fish populations and fisheries.
10. El Niño also influences weather in North America, bringing wetter conditions to the southern U.S. and drier conditions to the north.