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Unit 1 Test: Properties of Matter

Last updated 10 months ago

41 questions

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BONUS QUESTION (5pts):
How are you? Any thoughts or concerns? Just tell me anything that you feel like (hey now, be nice) and you get the points.

What is a hypothesis?

a system of ideas that explains related observations and is supported scientifically tested information.

an educated guess about what will happen in an experiment

a descriptive statement or equation that reliably predicts events under certain conditions

a random guess about what might happen in an experiment with no information or research

Which statements are true (select 2)

An independent variable is the variable that is adjusted by the experimenter.

Variables are things that stay the same no matter what in an experiment.

The dependent variable is the variable that changes based on the independent variable

Data a computer system that manages correlated science experiments

The Scientific Method is a series of steps followed to cause problems, including collecting data, ignoring a hypothesis, NEVER testing the hypothesis, and stating conclusions without evidence.

True

False

Qualitative vs Quantitative Data.  Select the statement that is true.

Qualitative data is about the number of something and Quantitative data is about quality

Qualitative data is about experimental data that is used by scientists and Quantitative data is about money that is used for science

Qualitative data is about the qualities of things and Quantitative data is about how much of something

Define accuracy.

the degree to which the experimental result agrees with the accepted value

how well multiple measurements match each other

the system used by scientists around the world to make measurements

A child requires a 5 ml dose of medicine each day. How many doses would a  1 L bottle of this medicine contain?

50 doses

200 doses

1,000 doses

Which of the following is an example of a "Base" unit?

Kilograms

millimeters

grams

centimeters

Molecular motion refers to the movement of molecules, which are the fundamental building blocks of matter. This movement is influenced by temperature, with higher temperatures generally leading to increased molecular motion.

True

False

In which state of matter is there the most molecular motion?

Solid

Liquid

Gas

Ionic Bond

Question 10

10.

Absolute zero represents a substance's minimum

gravitational potential energy

intermolecular energy

required vaporization energy

latent heat of fusion

Question 12

12.

According to kinetic molecular theory, as the temperature of a confined gas rises, which of the following characteristics of the gas molecules increases?

size

average speed

density

number

Question 14

14.

Question 15

15.

Read the text about an experiment with bottled soda. 
When soda bottles are sealed in a factory, the bottles are all the same temperature with the same pressure of gas inside. A student decides to perform an experiment to determine what changes will result from adjusting the temperatures of two sealed soda bottles. One bottle of soda is heated, while the other is cooled.
Which statement describes a result of the experiment?

The total volume of gas in the cooled bottle increased.

The total volume of gas in the heated bottle increased.

The pressure of the gas increased in the bottle that was cooled.

The pressure of the gas increased in the bottle that was heated.

According to the gas laws..... when the temperature of a substance increases, what will happen to the volume of the substance?

The volume will decrease.

The volume will increase.

The volume will stay the same

Not enough information given.

Which of the following statements concerning a saturated solution is incorrect?

Undissolved solute may be present

Undissolved solute, if present, is continually dissolving.

Undissolved solute, if present, is in equilibrium with the dissolved solute.

What is true about the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas?

The volume of a gas is always double the pressure.

The volume of a gas is directly proportional to the pressure.

The volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure.

The volume of a gas does not change when the pressure increases

Question 20

20.

A football is left on the field outside during the winter months, the next morning the football was partially deflated. Using what you know about gas laws, explain what happened to the football.

Pressure increases due to more molecular motion of the gas inside the football.

Pressure decreases due to more molecular motion of the gas inside the football.

Volume increases due to more molecular motion of the gas inside the football.

Volume decreases due to less molecular motion of the gas inside the football.

If a gas stays at a constant pressure as the temperature of the gas is decreased, what will happen?

The volume will increase.

The volume will decrease.

The volume will stay the same.

The volume will double in size.

A rock is placed in a bucket of water and sinks to the bottom. What can be concluded about the rock's properties relative to the water?

The rock has less mass than the water it displaced.

The rock has a lower density than the water.

The rock's volume is less than the water's volume.

The rock has a greater density than the water.

Question 24

24.

Which of the following statements concerning a saturated solution is incorrect?

Undissolved solute may be present.

Undissolved solute will never be be present.

Undissolved solute, if present, is continually dissolving.

Undissolved solute, if present, is in equilibrium with the dissolved solute.

Question 26

26.

Which type of energy is associated with the random motion of the particles in a sample of gas?

nuclear energy

thermal energy (heat)

chemical energy

electromagnetic energy

Question 28

28.

Which of the following statements best describes absolute zero?

the temperature at which water is at its triple point

the temperature at which the molecules of a substance have maximum kinetic energy

the temperature at which water freezes at standard pressure

the temperature at which the molecules of a substance have no kinetic energy

What is true about the relationship between pressure and volume of a gas?

The volume of a gas is always double the pressure.

The volume of a gas is directly proportional to the pressure.

The volume of a gas is inversely proportional to the pressure.

The volume of a gas does not change when the pressure increases.

A container of gas is kept at constant pressure. Which best explains what will happen to the volume if the temperature of the gas is increased?

The volume will increase as the temperature increases.

The volume will decrease as the temperature increases.

The volume will increase twice as quickly as the temperature.

The volume will remain the same as the temperature increases.

Which change would cause the volume of a balloon to increase?

increasing the temperature of the balloon

increasing the atmospheric pressure

removing gas from the balloon

placing the balloon under water

Question 33

33.

Question 34

34.

Question 35

35.

What happens to the molecules of a substance when heat (energy) is removed?

Particles speed up when the heat is removed

Particles slow down when the heat is removed

Particles move the same as they did before the heat was removed

Particles have an inverse directional change 

What is it called when a substance loses or gains energy to change from one state of matter to another?

Phase change

Temperature shift

Average kinetic energy

Endothermic process

Which of the following would increase the (gas) pressure of a system?

Increase the temperature

Decrease the volume of the container

Pump in more gas

All of the above

As viscosity increases, the _______________________________ also increase.

intermolecular forces

volume of the substance

rate of flow

intermolecular motion

A student creates diagrams of two models to show magnified views of molecular motion in a solid and a liquid, as shown in the picture.

Answering which question will help the student to decide which sample has more energy?

Which sample has the most molecules?

Which sample has the largest molecules?

Which sample has the most molecular motion?

Which sample has molecules with definite volume?

Which options are TRUE for substance W (the blue one)?  (You should pick 3 options to be correct).

It has weak intermolecular forces

It has strong intermolecular forces

It has low viscosity

It has high viscosity

It would take the longest time to boil of all the substances pictured here

It would take the shortest time to boil of all the substances pictured here

Which states of matter are most likely represented by each diagram?

A is a solid, and B is a liquid.

A is a gas, and B is a liquid.

A is a liquid, and B is a solid.

A is a gas, and B is a solid.

Recall the formula to calculate density.  
What is the density of an object that has a volume of 600 milliliters (mL)?

0.001 g/mL

0.01 g/mL

0.1 g/mL

1.0 g/mL

The graph shows how the volume of helium gas changes as the temperature of the gas changes.
The measurements were taken at a constant pressure. What happens as the temperature of helium increases?

The volume of the gas increases.

The volume of the gas decreases.

The volume of the gas fluctuates.

The volume of the gas stays the same.

Terry fills two balloons with the same amount of helium gas. She places one of her helium balloons in the freezer. After twenty minutes, she removes the balloon from the freezer and notices that it is smaller than the balloon that stayed at room temperature. Her balloons are shown below.
How does Terry correctly explain the difference in the size her balloons?

She says that an increase in pressure increases the volume of helium gas.

She says that a decrease in pressure decreases the volume of helium gas.

She says that a decrease in temperature increases the volume of helium gas.

She says that an increase in temperature increases the volume of helium gas.

A teacher puts solid adjustable air freshener (as seen above) in his classroom and let's it sit open for a week. At the end of the week the solid is gone, but no liquid was seen. What phase change can explain what occurred?

Condensation, which is changing from gas to liquid.

Sublimation, which is changing from solid to gas.

Melting, which is changing from solid to liquid.

Deposition, which is changing from gas to solid.

Which image most likely represents the atomic structure of solid ice?

A

B

C

D

Three identical bottles of soda are used in an experiment. One of the bottles is left at room temperature, another is cooled, and another is heated. Next, the bottles are opened and balloons are placed on top to capture the escaping gas. The temperatures and results are shown.

Which statement is true about the warmest bottle (40'C)?

The smallest volume of gas has escaped from it into the balloon.

The greatest volume of gas has escaped from it into the balloon.

The unopened bottle originally contained the least amount of gas.

The unopened bottle originally contained the most amount of gas.

Which statement is most likely true about the intermolecular attractions between the molecules in Figure 3 compared with Figure 1?

AThe intermolecular attractions are stronger in Figure 1, which allows the molecules to move around more.

The intermolecular attractions are weaker in Figure 3, which allows the molecules to move around more.

The intermolecular attractions are stronger in Figure 3, which allows the molecules to move around less.

The intermolecular attractions are weaker in Figure 1, which allows the molecules to move around less.

Which image correctly models the molecular arrangements in solids, liquids, and gases?

A

B

C

D