R_Biology Sem-2 Final

Required

3

Match the DNA base with its complementary partner in the DNA strand.

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
Cytosine (C)		Thymine (T)
Adenine (A)		Cytosine (C)
Guanine (G)		Guanine (G)

Required

3

Associate the following genetic components with their correct descriptions.

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
Double Helix		Five-carbon sugar in RNA
Nucleotide		Structure of DNA resembling a twisted ladder
Ribose		Consists of sugar, phosphate, and a nitrogen base

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Which of the following correctly distinguishes RNA from DNA?

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1

The above diagram illustrates what DNA looks like when it is twisted into the double helix. Three parts of the molecule are labeled: The backbone (A), the "rungs" (B) and the end (C). Predict which part of the molecule you will find phosphorous.

Required

1

A strand of RNA has the sequence AUUGCGGAA. Explain what caused this strand to be made.

Required

3

Match the type of mutation to its description.

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
Point mutation		Change in a single nucleotide sequence.
Insertion mutation		Addition of one or more nucleotide bases.
Deletion mutation		Removal of one or more nucleotide bases.

Required

3

Match the type of mutation to its potential effects.

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
Harmful mutation		Causes disease or reduced fitness.
Neutral mutation		Has no significant impact on fitness.
Beneficial mutation		Gives an advantage to the organism.

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1

What mutation has occurred here? T-G-A-C-C-A T-G-A-T-C-C-A

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1

DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.

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3

Luna is studying the different types of RNA that play a role in protein synthesis. Match the type of RNA to it's appropriate description.

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
rRNA		carries transcribed code for a protein
mRNA		carries amino acids to ribosomes
tRNA		forms subunits of ribosomes

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2

The model below shows the structure of two molecules. Which statements about the two structures seen in the model are correct? Choose all correct answers.

Required

3

A mutation that happens when a single nucleotide is replaced by a different one is a __________ mutation, also known as a substitution mutation. A mutation caused by the loss of a nucleotide in the DNA sequence is known as a(n)__________  mutation. This is a type of  __________mutation because it causes a change in the reading frame of the DNA.

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3

Categorize the descriptions to the correct label

makes proteins
occurs in the nucleus
occurs in the ribosome
makes mRNA
copies DNA and forms mRNA
decodes mRNA to amino acids

Transcription
Translation

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2

Using the chart as reference, choose the correct response to complete the sentence.

__________ in a DNA sequence would correspond to a “stop” codon. GCC in a DNA sequence after transcription and translation would correspond to the amino acid __________. 

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1

Using the chart as reference, choose the correct response to complete the sentence.

__________ in an RNA sequence would lead to the polypeptide chain valine-methionine-phenylalanine.

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1

What is it called when chromosomes swap DNA? During what phase of meiosis does this process happen?

Required

4

Drag and drop the description to the category that it belongs to.

Two daughter cells with haploid number of chromosomes is formed.
Four daughter cells with haploid number of chromosomes is formed.
Homologous chromosomes align at the equator.
The sister chromatids of recombinant chromosomes move apart
Crossing over occurs here.

Meiosis-I
Meiosis-II

Required

4

Match the image with the correct phase name-

Required

1

The number of chromosomes in muscle cells of a coyote are 40. What will be the number of chromosomes in its sperms.

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1

Haploid gametes have __________# of chromosomes whereas Diploid cells have __________# of chromosomes

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1

One difference between Autosomes and sex chromosomes humans is-

Required

1

A type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes

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1

Number of daughter cells produced in meiosis

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1

In goats, the allele for horns (H) is dominant to the allele for no Horns (h). Parents are hybrids for horns. What is the percent chance that the offspring will have horns?

Required

5

Match the explanation with the vocab word.

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
When the pair of alleles are same		Allele
When the pair of alleles are different		Genotype
The outward appearance of an organism		Phenotype
The alternative form of a gene		Homozygous
The genetic constitution of an organism		Heterozygous

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1

R = able to roll tongue
r = unable to roll tongue
One brother has genotype RR and the other brother has genotype Rr.
Which statement is true about these two brothers?

Required

1

If a man has blood type homozygous A and his wife has blood type AB, what blood types are possible among their children?

Required

1

The image alongside is an example of-

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1

A woman with blood type A whose father was blood type O married a man with type O blood. What will be the possible genotypes and phenotypes of their children?

Required

1

A calico cat shows both the traits for orange fur and black fur. What kind of allele expression is this?

Required

3

Match the example on the right as either incomplete dominance or codominance or neither.

Straight hair + Curly hair = Wavy hair
red and blue fish produces fish with blue and red
Tall height X Short Height ----> Intermediate height
more men than women are colorblind
black x white chickens --> Black and white speckled (Erminette)
purple x white --> purple flowers

Incomplete Dominance
Codominance
Neither

Required

1

Hemophilia is a sex linked trait. A woman who is a carrier for hemophilia marries a normal man. What is the probability that their children will have hemophilia and what sex will a child/children in the family with hemophilia be?

Required

1

If a Hemophilic male has children with a carrier female what is the possibility of the couple having a hemophilic child?

Required

3

Match the vocab with correct description-

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
different versions of a gene that exist in a population. (Ex. Blood type)		Polygenic traits
a genetic pattern where two alleles of a gene are expressed equally, resulting in both traits in being expressed in the offspring		Incomplete dominance
a pattern of inheritance where multiple genes work together to control a single trait		Codominance
certain patterns of how traits are passed from parents to offspring. (dominant allele always expressed if present)		Multiple alleles
A trait controlled by genes on X-Chromosomes		Sex linked traits
a genetic phenomenon that occurs when two alleles for a trait are not fully expressed.		Mendelian genetics (Complete dominance)

Required

4

Match the categories with the correct description-

Farmers have selectively bred wheat and rice for higher yields, disease resistance, and other desirable traits
Giraffe necks evolving longer to reach leaves high in trees.
Cattle have been bred for increased milk production, meat quality, and overall size.
Beaks of finches adapting to different food sources.

Artificial Seclection
Natural Selection

Required

1

A scientist presented the information in the illustration as part of a report on the evolution of species. How does the information support the claim of common ancestry?

6

Match the type of evidence to its explanation.

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
Embryonic development		Study of species distribution.
Homologous structures		Reduced features with no current function.
Biogeography		DNA and protein similarities in organisms.
Fossils		Similar anatomy in different species.
Vestigial structures		Remains of organisms from the past.
Molecular biology		Similar stages of development in embryos.

Required

1

A researcher recently discovered a new species of bacteria in the body of a tubeworm living near a hydrothermal vent. He compared the DNA of this new bacterial species to the DNA of four other species of bacteria. The DNA sequences came from the same part of the bacterial chromosome of all four species.

According to these data, the unknown bacterial species is most closely related to

Required

6

Categorize the following statements as either "Scientific Theory" or "Hypothesis".

Explains a broad range of phenomena.
Based on extensive evidence.
Can be disproven by experiments.
Proposes a specific prediction.
Must be tested for validity
Recognized by scientific community

Scientific Theory
Hypothesis

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1

What does the term 'gene pool' refer to?

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1

Some organisms have features that have different functions, but similar structures. One example is the forelimb of humans, dogs, birds, and whales.

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1

How do fossils support evolution?

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1

What best describes the hind leg bones seen in the whale?

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1

Examples of analogous structures include

Required

3

Match the mechanism of evolution to its definition.

Draggable item		Corresponding Item
Gene flow		Survival and reproduction of best adapted organisms.
Genetic drift		Movement of alleles between populations.
Natural selection		Random changes in allele frequencies in small populations.

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1

Individuals in a population that have a variation which gives them an advantage in their environment are more likely to ...

Required

1

What mechanism of evolution is shown below-

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2

Select the statements that are true for evolution (Check all that apply)

Required

1

The model below shows a how populations of organisms can change. Which of the following concepts is best illustrated by this demonstration?

In a population of beetles, there is a variation in shell color—some are green, while others are brown. Birds, the main predators of these beetles, tend to spot and eat green beetles more easily in environments with brown soil and dry leaves. Over time, researchers have noticed that the population of brown beetles has increased, while the number of green beetles has decreased.

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1

Carrying capacity refers to:

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1

A rabbit population is near the carrying capacity of its ecosystem. If the population density of rabbits in an area were to increase, what direct effect would it most likely have?

Required

1

A population of 2,000 deer lived on a plateau. In 1906, all hunting of the deer was banned, natural predators were exterminated, and sheep and cattle, which competed with the deer, were banned from the plateau. The graph shows the deer population in the years following this.

Which statement regarding factors affecting deer population is supported by the data in the graph?

Required

4

When the fish population is well below the carrying capacity of the lake, the population would be expected to show a pattern of __________ growth, which means that the rate of population change will __________ over time. As the population approaches carrying capacity, the growth rate would be expected to show a pattern of __________ growth, which means the population would __________.

Required

5

Determine if the following scenarios represent density dependent or density independent limiting factors.

A large number of moose die from a rare bacterial infection that spreads through the population.
Thrips are small insects that feed on apple blossoms. They can be a serious pest to apple growers. In recent years, a severe drought hit apple orchards in the state of New York. Because of the drought, most apple trees did not blossom. The thrip population declined sharply because their food source disappeared.
This year, Anne was excited about planting another tomato garden. Two weeks after planting seeds, the weather turned cold. A frost killed most of the seedlings, and Anne had to plant new ones.
A population of bass is growing quickly in a freshwater lake. Then a parasitic protozoa invades the lake, infecting the bass. The parasite spreads quickly to other fish.
Rainbow smelt fish and yellow perch fish attempt to occupy the same area in a freshwater lake. The more aggressive rainbow smelt survive, the yellow perch do not.

Density Dependent
Density Independent

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1

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1

	Anaphase-I	Metaphase-II	Metaphase-I	Crossing Over

	Anaphase-I	Metaphase-II	Metaphase-I	Crossing Over

R_Biology Sem-2 Final

Match the DNA base with its complementary partner in the DNA strand.

Associate the following genetic components with their correct descriptions.

Which of the following correctly distinguishes RNA from DNA?

The above diagram illustrates what DNA looks like when it is twisted into the double helix. Three parts of the molecule are labeled: The backbone (A), the "rungs" (B) and the end (C). Predict which part of the molecule you will find phosphorous.

A strand of RNA has the sequence AUUGCGGAA. Explain what caused this strand to be made.

Match the type of mutation to its description.

Match the type of mutation to its potential effects.

What mutation has occurred here? T-G-A-C-C-A T-G-A-T-C-C-A

DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.

Luna is studying the different types of RNA that play a role in protein synthesis. Match the type of RNA to it's appropriate description.

The model below shows the structure of two molecules. Which statements about the two structures seen in the model are correct? Choose all correct answers.

Categorize the descriptions to the correct label

What is it called when chromosomes swap DNA? During what phase of meiosis does this process happen?

Drag and drop the description to the category that it belongs to.

Match the image with the correct phase name-

The number of chromosomes in muscle cells of a coyote are 40. What will be the number of chromosomes in its sperms.

One difference between Autosomes and sex chromosomes humans is-

A type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes

Number of daughter cells produced in meiosis

In goats, the allele for horns (H) is dominant to the allele for no Horns (h). Parents are hybrids for horns. What is the percent chance that the offspring will have horns?

Match the explanation with the vocab word.

R = able to roll tonguer = unable to roll tongueOne brother has genotype RR and the other brother has genotype Rr.Which statement is true about these two brothers?

If a man has blood type homozygous A and his wife has blood type AB, what blood types are possible among their children?

The image alongside is an example of-

A woman with blood type A whose father was blood type O married a man with type O blood. What will be the possible genotypes and phenotypes of their children?

A calico cat shows both the traits for orange fur and black fur. What kind of allele expression is this?

Match the example on the right as either incomplete dominance or codominance or neither.

Hemophilia is a sex linked trait. A woman who is a carrier for hemophilia marries a normal man. What is the probability that their children will have hemophilia and what sex will a child/children in the family with hemophilia be?

If a Hemophilic male has children with a carrier female what is the possibility of the couple having a hemophilic child?

Match the vocab with correct description-

Match the categories with the correct description-

A scientist presented the information in the illustration as part of a report on the evolution of species. How does the information support the claim of common ancestry?

Match the type of evidence to its explanation.

Categorize the following statements as either "Scientific Theory" or "Hypothesis".

What does the term 'gene pool' refer to?

Some organisms have features that have different functions, but similar structures. One example is the forelimb of humans, dogs, birds, and whales.

How do fossils support evolution?

What best describes the hind leg bones seen in the whale?

Examples of analogous structures include

Match the mechanism of evolution to its definition.

Individuals in a population that have a variation which gives them an advantage in their environment are more likely to ...

What mechanism of evolution is shown below-

Select the statements that are true for evolution (Check all that apply)

The model below shows a how populations of organisms can change. Which of the following concepts is best illustrated by this demonstration?

Carrying capacity refers to:

A rabbit population is near the carrying capacity of its ecosystem. If the population density of rabbits in an area were to increase, what direct effect would it most likely have?

Determine if the following scenarios represent density dependent or density independent limiting factors.

Match the DNA base with its complementary partner in the DNA strand.

Associate the following genetic components with their correct descriptions.

Which of the following correctly distinguishes RNA from DNA?

The above diagram illustrates what DNA looks like when it is twisted into the double helix. Three parts of the molecule are labeled: The backbone (A), the "rungs" (B) and the end (C). Predict which part of the molecule you will find phosphorous.

A strand of RNA has the sequence AUUGCGGAA. Explain what caused this strand to be made.

Match the type of mutation to its description.

Match the type of mutation to its potential effects.

What mutation has occurred here? T-G-A-C-C-A T-G-A-T-C-C-A

DNA molecule segment is : TTACGCAAG The mutated DNA segment is TTCGCAAG. This is an example of ___ mutation.

Luna is studying the different types of RNA that play a role in protein synthesis. Match the type of RNA to it's appropriate description.

The model below shows the structure of two molecules. Which statements about the two structures seen in the model are correct? Choose all correct answers.

Categorize the descriptions to the correct label

What is it called when chromosomes swap DNA? During what phase of meiosis does this process happen?

Drag and drop the description to the category that it belongs to.

Match the image with the correct phase name-

The number of chromosomes in muscle cells of a coyote are 40. What will be the number of chromosomes in its sperms.

One difference between Autosomes and sex chromosomes humans is-

A type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes

Number of daughter cells produced in meiosis

In goats, the allele for horns (H) is dominant to the allele for no Horns (h). Parents are hybrids for horns. What is the percent chance that the offspring will have horns?

Match the explanation with the vocab word.

R = able to roll tonguer = unable to roll tongueOne brother has genotype RR and the other brother has genotype Rr.Which statement is true about these two brothers?

If a man has blood type homozygous A and his wife has blood type AB, what blood types are possible among their children?

The image alongside is an example of-

A woman with blood type A whose father was blood type O married a man with type O blood. What will be the possible genotypes and phenotypes of their children?

A calico cat shows both the traits for orange fur and black fur. What kind of allele expression is this?

Match the example on the right as either incomplete dominance or codominance or neither.

Hemophilia is a sex linked trait. A woman who is a carrier for hemophilia marries a normal man. What is the probability that their children will have hemophilia and what sex will a child/children in the family with hemophilia be?

If a Hemophilic male has children with a carrier female what is the possibility of the couple having a hemophilic child?

Match the vocab with correct description-

Match the categories with the correct description-

R = able to roll tongue
r = unable to roll tongue
One brother has genotype RR and the other brother has genotype Rr.
Which statement is true about these two brothers?

R = able to roll tongue
r = unable to roll tongue
One brother has genotype RR and the other brother has genotype Rr.
Which statement is true about these two brothers?

The change in the beetle population over time is best explained by which biological concept?
A. Genetic drift B. Natural selection C. Artificial selection D. Mutation pressure

The change in the beetle population over time is best explained by which biological concept?
A. Genetic drift B. Natural selection C. Artificial selection D. Mutation pressure